Submitted By – Raja Ghosh

Roll No- 18
2nd Sem
Many Drugs That Are Currently Available Are “One Size Fits All,”
But They Don't Work The Same Way For Everyone.

Adverse Or Negative Drug Reactions Are A Significant Cause Of

Hospitalizations And Deaths All Over The World.

 With The Knowledge Gained From The Human Genome

Project, Researchers Are Learning How Inherited Differences In
Genes Affect The Body’s Response To Medications.
 Pharmacogenetics Is The Study Of How Genes Affect A
Person’s Response To Drugs.

 Pharmacology (The Science Of Drugs) + Genomics (The

Study Of Genes And Their Functions).

 To Develop Effective, Safe Medications And Doses That Will

Be Tailored To A Person’s Genetic Makeup.
Image source - http://personalizedhealthsolutions.com/services/pharmacogenomics/
 Depression is a common but serious mood disorder. It causes
severe symptoms that affect how you feel, think, and handle
daily activities, such as sleeping, eating, or working.
 Signs and Symptoms :
▪ Persistent sad, anxious, or “empty” mood
▪ Loss of interest or pleasure in hobbies and activities
▪ Decreased energy ,Moving or talking more slowly
▪ Feeling restless or having trouble sitting still
▪ Difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions
▪ Difficulty sleeping, early-morning awakening, or oversleeping
Finding The Right Antidepressant Is A Guessing Game.

 A Doctor Prescribes One, And After Giving It Six Weeks To Take

Effect, The Patient Might Find It’s Not Doing Anything.

 So The Patient Tries Another One And Waits Six Weeks. And Might
Need To Do It Again, And Again, In A Process That Can Take Months.
 Most Tests Include Checks For Variants Of Two
Genes, CYP2D6 And CYP2C19.
 Which Can Affect How Quickly The Body Metabolizes
Certain Antidepressants.
 If The Genes Are Overactive, A Normal Dose Of The Drugs
Might Not Work.
 If They’re Underactive, Drugs Can Build Up In The
Bloodstream And Cause Side Effects Such As Problems With
Sleep Or Digestion.
 Consult
your doctor

Image reference : https://www.genelex.com/test-menu/

 Pharmacogenetic Approaches Are Widely Expected To Bring
About A “Revolution” In Medicine.

 Application Of Molecular Genetic Approaches To Disease

Research Will Provide Us With New Opportunities For
Progressively More Targeted And, Hopefully, More Effective
Treatments.
 Journal reference
 Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2002 Aug; 54(2): 221–230.doi: 10.1046/j.1365-
2125.2002.01630.x
 Evans WE, Relling MV. Pharmacogenomics: translating functional genomics
into rational therapies. Science. 1999. pp. 487–491. also
see: http://www.sciencemag.org/feature/data/1044449.shl/ [PubMed
 Website reference
 https://medium.com/neodotlife/how-a-dna-test-can-help-you-deal-with-
depression-e28d0d4dd84b
 https://www.sciencedaily.com/
 https://genomind.com/the-genecept-assay/genetic-testing-better-
depression-treatment/