ESSENTIAL

ELEMENTS of
the LEGAL
SYSTEM
What is LEGAL SYSTEM?

- refers to a procedure or process for interpreting

and enforcing the law. It elaborates the rights
and responsibilities in the variety of ways

2
LEGAL SYSTEM Law is therefore:
❑ usually understood in 'local' rather
Law is the body of than 'global' terms
rules that exists in a ❑ historically in writing as societies
changed from tribal/family
society, under which government to nation states
its members operate. ❑ often outlined in basic terms in a
. country's constitution
❑ made by the people governing the
country.

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The Need for Laws
Laws are required in society to:
❑ Regulate individuals’ behavior: correspond with what is
acceptable to the majority of individual.
❑ - Promote coordination between the different agents in
society.
❑ - Provide certainty.

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Basic functions of the law:
1. Providing legal certainty: the consequences
of behaving in some way are known.

2. Facilitating planning and coordination.

3. Maintaining order and keep the peace

5
Three broad 'types' of legal system which operate in the world:

❑ Common Law
❑ Civil Law
❑ Sharia Law / Religious Law

6
COMMON LAW
- is a term used to refer to law that is developed through decisions of the
court, rather than by relying solely on statutes or regulations. Also known as
“case law,” or “case precedent,” common law provides a contextual
background for many legal concepts. Common laws vary depending on
the jurisdiction, but in general, the ruling of a judge is often used as a basis
for deciding future similar cases.

In a simplified manner, a Common Law relies on prior to determine the

outcome of a lawsuit.

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CIVIL LAW

In the United States it has two meanings.

First, refers to a legal system prevalent in Europe that is based

on written codes. Civil law in this sense is contrasted with the

common law system used in England and most of the United

States which relies on prior case law to resolve dispute rather

than written codes.

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Second, refers to the body of laws governing

disputes between individuals, as opposed to those

governing offenses that are public and relate to the

government – that is, civil law as opposed to

Criminal Law
9
CIVIL LAW

Civil law deals with behavior that constitutes an injury to an

individual or other private party, such as a corporation.

Examples are defamation (including libel and slander), breach

of contract, negligence resulting in injury or death, and property
damage.

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RELIGIOUS LAW

- comes from the sacred texts of various religions. They cover

most parts of personal and contract law. Most religious law
systems are either based on Islamic law (Sharia) or Judaic
law (Halakha). Religious laws generally are used
in countries that also have other legal systems such
as civil or common law.

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RELIGIOUS LAW
Sharia deals with many topics, including crime, politics, marriage

contracts, trade regulations, religious instructions, and economics. It also

covers personal matters such as sexual intercourse, hygiene, diet, prayer,

everyday etiquette and fasting. Adherence to Sharia is an important part of

the Muslim faith. In the strictest sense, Sharia is considered in Islam as

the infallible law of God.

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RELIGIOUS LAW

Halakha – Jewish Code of Law.

- served many Jewish communities as both civil and religious law. There
was no difference in classical Judaism. Modern religious leaders have
come to view the halakha as less binding in day-to-day life. This is
because it relies on Rabbinic interpretation instead of the pure, written

words written in the Hebrew Bible.

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14
15
Sources of law: Civil Law Sources of law in common law systems:
countries' constitutions. Common law: the body of law referred to above,
(in EC members) EC law. which has evolved through the application of the
statute (much of which is codified, as noted doctrine of judicial precedent.
above). Equity: the system of rules developed by
administrative regulations. Chancery to overcome the perceived rigidity of
custom. common law.
Role of judges: Statute: law made by the legislature.
The distinction between those who draft the law Delegated legislation
and those who apply it tends to be greater in civil Custom (historic law): customs still plays a part
law systems than can be the case in common law in commercial transactions.
systems. The constitution: in common law countries that
Judges apply the law. have a constitution.
Judges create precedents (in effect law) which European Community (EC) law: in all countries
must be followed by other judges. that are also part of the European Community,
such as the UK. Many European Union countries
have a civil system.
 “Quotations are
commonly printed as a
means of inspiration and
to invoke philosophical
thoughts from the
reader”

17
THIS IS A SLIDE TITLE

❑ Here you have a list of items

❑ And some text
❑ But remember not to overload your slides with content
Your audience will listen to you or read the content, but
won’t do both.

18
BIG CONCEPT
Bring the attention of your audience over a
key concept using icons or illustrations

19
YOU CAN ALSO SPLIT YOUR
CONTENT

White Black
Is the color of milk and Is the color of coal, ebony,
fresh snow, the color and of outer space. It is the
produced by the darkest color, the result of
combination of all the the absence of or complete
colors of the visible absorption of light.
spectrum.

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IN TWO OR THREE COLUMNS

Yellow Blue Red

Is the color of gold, Is the colour of the Is the color of blood,
butter and ripe clear sky and the deep and because of this it
lemons. In the sea. It is located has historically been
spectrum of visible between violet and associated with
light, yellow is found green on the optical sacrifice, danger and
between green and spectrum. courage.
orange.

21
A PICTURE IS WORTH A
THOUSAND WORDS

A complex idea can be

conveyed with just a single
still image, namely making
it possible to absorb large
amounts of data quickly.

22
WANT BIG IMPACT?
USE BIG IMAGE.

23
USE DIAGRAMS TO EXPLAIN
YOUR IDEAS

04 01

Vestibulum
nec tempus

03 02

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AND TABLES TO COMPARE
DATA

A B C

Yellow 10 20 7

Blue 30 15 10

Orange 5 24 16

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MAPS

our office

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89,526,124
Whoa! That’s a big number, aren’t you proud?

27
89,526,124$
That’s a lot of money

185,244 users
And a lot of users

100%
Total success!

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OUR PROCESS
IS EASY

Vestibulum congue tempus Vestibulum congue tempus

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do
eiusmod tempor. Donec facilisis lacus eiusmod tempor. Donec facilisis lacus
eget mauris. eget mauris.

20XX 20XX

20XX 20XX
Vestibulum congue tempus Vestibulum congue tempus

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do
eiusmod tempor. Donec facilisis lacus eiusmod tempor. Donec facilisis lacus
eget mauris. eget mauris.

29
LET’S REVIEW SOME CONCEPTS
Yellow
Is the color of gold, butter and
ripe lemons. In the spectrum
of visible light, yellow is found
between green and orange.
Yellow
Is the color of gold, butter and
ripe lemons. In the spectrum
of visible light, yellow is found
between green and orange.
Blue
Is the colour of the clear sky
and the deep sea. It is located
between violet and green on
the optical spectrum.
Blue
Is the colour of the clear sky
and the deep sea. It is located
between violet and green on
the optical spectrum.
Red
Is the color of blood, and
because of this it has
historically been associated
with sacrifice, danger and
courage.
Red
Is the color of blood, and
because of this it has
historically been associated
with sacrifice, danger and
courage.
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You can insert graphs from Google Sheets

31
MOBILE PROJECT
Show and explain your web,
app or software projects
using these gadget
templates.

Place your screenshot

here

32
TABLET PROJECT
Show and explain your web,
app or software projects
using these gadget
templates.

Place your screenshot here

33
DESKTOP PROJECT
Show and explain
your web, app or
software projects
using these gadget
templates. Place your screenshot here

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THANKS!
Any questions?
You can find me at:
❑ @username
❑ user@mail.me

35
CREDITS

Special thanks to all the people who made and

released these awesome resources for free:
❑ Presentation template by SlidesCarnival
❑ Photographs by Unsplash

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PRESENTATION DESIGN

This presentation uses the following typographies:

❑ Titles: Poppins
❑ Body copy: Montserrat
Download for free at:
https://www.fontsquirrel.com/fonts/poppins
https://www.fontsquirrel.com/fonts/montserrat

You don’t need to keep this slide in your presentation. It’s only here to serve you as a
design guide if you need to create new slides or download the fonts to edit the
presentation in PowerPoint®

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SlidesCarnival icons are editable shapes.

This means that you can:

❑ Resize them without losing

quality.

❑ Change fill color and opacity.

❑ Change line color, width and style.

Isn’t that nice? :)

Examples:

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😉
You can also use any emoji as an icon!
And of course it resizes without losing quality.

How? Follow Google instructions

https://twitter.com/googledocs/status/730087240156643328

✋👆👉👍👤👦👧👨👩👪💃🏃💑❤😂😉
😋😒😭👶😸🐟🍒🍔💣📌📖🔨🎃🎈🎨🏈
🏰🌏🔌🔑 and many more...
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