French neoclassical architect whose work greatly influenced contemporary architects. • Developing a distinctive abstract geometric style inspired by classical forms. • His work was characterized by the removal of all unnecessary ornamentation, inflating geometric forms and repeating elements such as columns in huge ranges. IDEAS FOLLOWED • Boullée promoted the idea of making architecture expressive of its purpose, and frequently employed symbolism. • He emphasized the properties of geometric forms and their effect on the psychology of the viewer. • He made a dramatic use of light and shadow to heighten the effect of geometric forms, and brought out the potential of mystery in building. • His focus on polarity (offsetting opposite design elements) and the use of light and shadow was highly innovative, and continues to influence architects to this day. CENOTAPH FOR ISSAC NEWTON • Basically the building is a large sphere and represents both the land and Newton’s discoveries. • Its access can be gained through the base • Its surface is skillfully perforated so that sunlight can enter during the day can create the picture of the night sky. • At night a great source of artificial light in the centre portrays the daytime image. SECTION OF CENOTAPH