What is civil society organization?

Civil society organizations are basically

non-government members of society that
promote the interest of the public. They
are known to champion issues of the
marginalized members of the society such
as issues on human rights, labor rights,
environmental protection and poverty.
 What is social movements?
Social movements was defined by Mario Diani as
“a distinct social process, consisting of the
mechanism through which actors engaged in
collective action.
A sustained and collective purposeful collective
mobilized by an identifiable, self-organized group
in confrontation with specific power structure
and in the pursuit of socio economic and political
change.
 Three main characteristics of social
movements:

They are involve in some kind of conflict

(cultural or political) with another
identified opponent (another group;
program; system or idea) to promote or
oppose social change (della Porta and Diani
2006).
The group is made of “dense informal network”
wherein rules within the group are not standardized
but are constantly negotiated by the actors. Each
member cannot also say that they alone represent the
group (della Porta and Diani 2006).
The member share a sense of collective identity
wherein the members develop a common connection
and shared purpose in their actions as part of the
movemement (della Porta and Diani 2006).
Four kinds of social movements:

General social movements. Have general

direction. They are not usually very clear
with their own goals.
Specific Social movements. Have well
defined objectives, these are the reform and
revolution movements.
Expressive movements. Do not seek to
change the institutions of social order or
its objective character.
Revival nationalistic movements. Both of
them idealize the past as a model for
change.