GEOMETRY

ENGINEERING DRAWING Slide 1

GEOMETRY CONSTRUCTIONS
 One of important topics in technical drawing
 Basic drawing method
 Important items:
1. Understanding on using drawing methods
2. Skill on drawing lines and connection of lines
3. Skill on using drawing tools
4. Accurate dimensions
5. Finish on time

ENGINEERING DRAWING Slide 2

BISECTING A LINE
AND ANGLE

ENGINEERING DRAWING Slide 3

TO BISECT A GIVEN LINE

Given Explanations
1. Swing two arcs having a radius
A greater than half-length of the
line with the centers at the
r1 ends of the line
r1
2. Join the intersection points of
the arcs with a line
B
3. Locate the midpoint
play

ENGINEERING DRAWING Slide 4

TO BISECT A GIVEN ANGLE

Given Explanations
A
1. Swing an arc of any radius
whose centers at the vertex

2. Swing the arcs of any radius

r1 r2 from the intersection points
B
between the previous arc and
r2 the lines

C 3. Draw the line

play

ENGINEERING DRAWING Slide 5

DRAWING A TANGENT CURVE
TO THE GIVEN LINES

ENGINEERING DRAWING Slide 6

KEY CONCEPT
To draw a tangent arc (of a specified radius, R),
it is necessary to locate
1. its center, C
It places outside a line for a distance
equal to a radius of an arc R
R

2. the start and end points

R
(or tangent points) of the arc
It lies on a given line in the way
that the line passing through this
point and the center of an arc be
perpendicular to a given line

ENGINEERING DRAWING Slide 7

TANGENT ARC TO THE GIVEN LINES
Given 1. Locate the center of an arc

R
R

play Continue

ENGINEERING DRAWING Slide 8

TANGENT ARC TO THE GIVEN LINES
2. Locate the tangent points

TP.1
TP.2

Replay

ENGINEERING DRAWING Slide 9

PRACTICE BY YOURSELF

Draw a curve that will touch two right angle of a

given straight lines (AB and BC)

ENGINEERING DRAWING Slide 10

DRAWING A TANGENT CURVE
TO THE GIVEN CURVES

ENGINEERING DRAWING Slide 11

KEY CONCEPT
Tangent point lies on the line passes through the centers
of each arc (or circle)

R3

R2

R1

ENGINEERING DRAWING Slide 12

TANGENT ARC TO A GIVEN ARCS (OR CIRCLES)

To draw a tangent arc (of a specified radius, R),

it is necessary to locate
1. its center, C
2. the start and end points (or tangent points) of the arc

Case 1 : External Case 2 : Internal

C
R R
R2
R2 R1
R1
C1 C2
C1 C2
R-R1 R-R2
C
ENGINEERING DRAWING Slide 13
EXTERNAL TANGENT ARC

Given
R + R2
R + R1 C R2
R
R1

C1+ + C2

play

ENGINEERING DRAWING Slide 14

INTERNAL TANGENT ARC (TYPE 1)

Given
R

R2
R1

+ +
C1 C2

C R – R2
R – R1

play

ENGINEERING DRAWING Slide 15

INTERNAL TANGENT ARC (TYPE 2)

Given

R2
R1
C2
C1+ +
R

R – R1
C
play R + R2

ENGINEERING DRAWING Slide 16

PRACTICE BY YOURSELF

Draw a curve that will touch a straight line (AB) and

curve (centre at C)

ENGINEERING DRAWING Slide 17

PROBLEM SOLVING STEPS
1. Calculate the required space

2. Layout the drawing steps

3. Match the construction techniques to each drawing step

4. Start drawing

Always use a construction line if the information to draw

a line or a curve is incomplete

ENGINEERING DRAWING Slide 18

EXAMPLE

ENGINEERING DRAWING Slide 19