Journal Diabetes Mellitus

Group: 1
Members of the group:
1. Marseliana Avila Septiana (17120041)
2. Ni Made Erni Sutrini. W (17120050)
3. Giska Pamella Azra Khansa (17120053)
4. Intan Ariani (17120054)
5. Nabila Noor Ramadhani (17120060)
6. Asrina Windy Prina (17120069)
Ouline
• Definition of type 2 diabetes
• Causes of type 2 diabetes
• Background of journal
• Purpose of journal
• Materials and method of journal
• Results of journal
• Conclusion of journal
 Definition of type 2 diabetes
Type 2 diabetes is a condition in which blood sugar levels exceed normal
values. High blood sugar levels are caused by the body not using the normal
hormone insulin. The insulin hormone itself is a hormone that helps sugar (glucose)
enter the body's cells to be converted into energy.
 Causes of type 2 diabetes
• Wrong lifestyle
• lack of physical activity
• don't do breakfast regularly
 Background of journal
Promoting positive changes in lifestyle behavior in the whole population
may be a feasible and effective approach to reducing type 2 diabetes burden
Skipping breakfast has been suspected as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes
(T2DM), but the associations are not entirely consistent across ethnicities or sexes,
and the issue has not been adequately addressed
 Purpose of journal
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of comprehensive
lifestyle changes and physical activity in type 2 diabetes. Examine the association
between breakfast skipping and the incidence of T2DM.
 Materials and Methods
DESIGN→ In five journals using the study cohort, case control methods, and
Mantel-Cox method.

RESPONDENTS→ The respondents used a total of 4631 participants (3600 men and
1031 women) in a work-site cohort of participants aged 35–66 years in 2002
through 2011 for T2DM development (Mayu Uemura. 2015). population-based
sample of 6814 men and women from four racial/ethnic groups (Joshua J
Joseph.2016). 35,680 participants aged 30–50 at baseline in 1990–2003 in
Västerbotten County, Sweden (follow-up until 2013) (Adina L. Feldman et.al.2017).
129 subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (Tugba Kuru ÇolaK, PT, PhD et.al.2016).
CON’T
VARIABE→continuous variables and Pearson’s χ2 for categorical variables.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
• Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 16. In all the statistical
analyses, p values < 0.05 were considered significant. (Tugba Kuru Colak, PT, PhD
et.al.2016)
• Random-effects models of analysis were used if heterogeneity was detected (I2 >
50%)
 Results
The magnitude of this relationship has the potential to be based on race /
ethnicity, family history of diabetes and BMI, which must be evaluated in studies
with a larger sample size
The benefits of lifestyle interventions on risk factors for cardiovascular
disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus can significantly reduce the risk of type 2
diabetes mellitus
Participants who ate 3-5 days / week, 1-2 days / week, and 0 days / week
had a higher incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus than those who ate breakfast
every day
physical activity is key in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus
especially as a blood sugar controller and improving cardiovascular risk factors such
as reducing hyperinsulinemia, increasing insulin sensitivity, reducing body fat and
lowering blood pressure
 Conclusion
lifestyle interven-tion which included change in diet, exercise, breakfast and
education showed significant benefit in a number of risk factors which are known
to be associated with cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Promoting positive changes in lifestyle behavior in the whole population be
feasible and effective approach to reducing type 2 diabetes burden.
THANKYOU