Programming languages allow humans to communicate instructions to computers and are divided into generations based on their level of abstraction. First generation languages use machine code, while higher generations like third and fourth generation languages use simpler syntax and are easier for humans to read and write. There are many programming languages as each has strengths for different problem domains or purposes. New languages continue to emerge over time.
Programming languages allow humans to communicate instructions to computers and are divided into generations based on their level of abstraction. First generation languages use machine code, while higher generations like third and fourth generation languages use simpler syntax and are easier for humans to read and write. There are many programming languages as each has strengths for different problem domains or purposes. New languages continue to emerge over time.
Programming languages allow humans to communicate instructions to computers and are divided into generations based on their level of abstraction. First generation languages use machine code, while higher generations like third and fourth generation languages use simpler syntax and are easier for humans to read and write. There are many programming languages as each has strengths for different problem domains or purposes. New languages continue to emerge over time.
Programming languages allow humans to communicate instructions to computers and are divided into generations based on their level of abstraction. First generation languages use machine code, while higher generations like third and fourth generation languages use simpler syntax and are easier for humans to read and write. There are many programming languages as each has strengths for different problem domains or purposes. New languages continue to emerge over time.
Why are there so many programming languages Generations of programming languages. [1GL,2GL,3GL,4GL,5GL] Classification. Special Programming Languages. Trending Languages. A programming language is a special language programmers use to develop software programs, scripts, or other sets of instructions for computers to execute. Computer programming languages allow us to give instructions to a computer in a language the computer understands. A Programming Language is a set of rules that provides a way of telling a computer what operations to perform. The description of a programming language is usually split into the two components of syntax (form) and semantics (meaning). Syntax can be said as the grammatical rules. The portion of the language that a computer can understand is called a binary. Translating programming language into binary is known as compiling. These languages allow computers to quickly and efficiently process large and complex swaths of information. We need them because COMPUTERS CAN’T UNDERSTAND ENGLISH AND HUMANS CAN’T EASILY WRITE MACHINE CODE Just as many human-based languages exist, there are an array of computer programming languages that programmers can use to communicate with a computer. One language cannot serve all application areas well Different nations people speak different languages ,in the same way for different purposes we need different languages. Programming languages have evolved over time as different ways have been developed to design them. First Generation Languages. Second Generation Languages. Third Generation Languages. Fourth Generation Languages. Fifth Generation Languages. Machine language is the only programming language that the computer can understand directly without translation. Also known as Machine code or Object code. It is made up of entirely 1s and 0s. Low-level language. Machine Language machine-dependent(i.e.,it depends on type of processor…).Programmers had to know the internal operations of specific type of CPU. Very efficient code(high execution speed) but very difficult to write Low-level language Developed in 1950s. Uses symbolic addressing capabilities i.e., symbolic operation code replace binary operation code An assembler is required to translate assembly language to machine language. It is also machine dependent and it had its own limitations. It provides an easier and more efficient way to program than machine language. High-level language and machine independent. Use english like statements and commands. A language translator is required to convert a high-level language program into machine language. Two types of language translators are used with high level languages: compilers and interpreters. One line of Third Generation Code can produce many lines of object code , saving lots of time and is easier while writing programs. 3GL are easy to write and maintain. Examples: C,C++,Java , COBOL, BASIC(Beginners All Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code), FORTRAN(Formula Translation), ALGOL(Algorithmic Language), APL(A Programming Language) Advantages : Hardware Independence , time saving , programmer friendly Disavantages : Code used might not make best use of processor specific features unlike 1GL ,2GL. Also known as Very High Level Language. They allow programmers and users to specify what the computer is supposed to do without having to specify how the computer is supposed to do it. So much easier than other generations. Used with Databases. Five basic types of language tools fall into the fourth generation language category. (1)Query languages (2)Report generators (3)Applications generators. (4)Decision support systems and financial planning languages. (5)Some microcomputer application software Languages used for artificial intelligence and neural networks. Also called as Intelligent and Natural languages. 5GL is a programming language designed to make the computer solve your problem. Natural language allows end users to access stored data and interact with the computer using ordinary words i.e., it resembles human speech. It can be said that 5GL is still in experimental phase. Programming languages are broadly divided into 2 groups: TRADITIONAL OBJECT ORIENTED LANGUAGES LANGUAGES
Sequence of Objects are created
instructions. rather than sequence of instructions. Some 1GL,2GL,3GL languages come under Some 3GL,4GL,5GL this category come this category. Eg: Eg: