OPTICS

Case 1

1 ) A 60 year old male patient came with

-c/o defective vision in right eye for near and far since 2
months
- h/o right eye cataract surgery 2 months back
On examination :
Visual acuity- unaided
RE- CF 3m,N24
LE- 6/12,N24
BCVA

RE-6/9,N8 LE -6/6,N6
SPHERE CYLINDER SPHERE CYLINDER
DISTANCE +11DS - +2DS -
NEAR-add +3DS - +3DS -
On slit lamp examination,
-limbal scar is present
-AC is deep
-Iridodonesis
-pupil is jet black in colour
-absence of lens
Q.A) what is the probable diagnosis?
Q.B)what are the tests to be done to confirm diagnosis?
Q.C)1.What are the different modalities of treatment? How do
you manage this patient?
2.What are the relative advantages and
disadvantages ?
3.Name the scotoma seen in image?
C-4)What was the
effect seen in image B?
C-5)In this patient if his left
eye has no perception
of light,what will be the
management?
 Case 2
2) A 8 year old male student came
-c/o tiredness of eyes since 1 month associated with frontal
headache .
-h/o blurred vision present
On examination:
visual acuity: unaided
-RE-6/18 PH-6/6,N6
-LE-6/12 PH-6/6,N6
Q.A) what does pinhole examination signify?
 RE-6/6,N6 LE -6/6,N6
SPHERE CYLINDER SPHERE CYLINDER
BCVA
DISTANCE +3DS - +2.5DS -
NEAR-add - - - -

On fundus examination: (BE) Disc-small,hyperemic

rest is WNL

Q.B)what are the steps to do refraction in this

patient?(cycloplegic refraction)
Q.C.1)What is the type of refractive error?

C.2)How do u classify this type of refractive error?

C.3)What are the different components of this refractive error?

Case 3

3)A 19 year old male MIT student came with c/o difficulty in
seeing power point since 6months .
On examination:
Visual acuity- unaided
RE-6/18,N6
LE-6/12,N6
BCVA

RE-6/6,N6 LE -6/6,N6
SPHERE CYLINDER SPHERE CYLINDER
DISTANC - 2.5DS - -2DS -
E
NEAR-add - - - -
• On slit lamp examination-BE- prominent eyes
AC-deep
rest is WNL
Q.A)What is the type of refractive error?
Q.B)How do you classify?
Q.C) What is the management ?(different cycloplegic drugs used
according to age and surgical management)
Q.D)What are the complications more common in these patients?
Case 4

4)A 41 year old male bank employee came with

- c/o difficulty in reading since 3 months more in
the evening and dimlight.
- h/o mild head ache after doing near work
On examination:
visual acuity: unaided
RE-6/6,N12
LE-6/6,N12
BCVA

RE-6/6,N6 LE -6/6,N6
SPHERE CYLINDER SPHERE CYLINDER

DISTANCE - - - -
NEAR-add +1.25DS - +1.25DS -
Q.A)What is the type of refractive error?
Q.B)How do you treat this patient ? And what are the various
types of glasses?
Q.C)Discuss the theories of acommodation?
Conjunctiva-case 1

1)A 25 year old female patient came with

-c/o Redness and foreignbody sensation in right eye since 2
days associated with discharge
-h/o early morning stickiness of lids

Q.A)What are the differential diagnosis of red eye?

RE: Lids-edema+
purulent yellow discharge –moderate amount
Conjunctiva-
diffuse congestion and
chemosis
rest is WNL
LE:WNL
Q.B)What is the probable diagnosis?How do you classify?

Q.C)What are the common organisms involved?

Q.D)what is the treatment ? And what are the preventive

measures?
Case 2

2)A 30 year old female who was a daily wage labourer from joint
family came with
-c/o RE Irritation associated with mild early morning
discharge since 6 months which has been increased since 15
days.
-h/o previous episode of watering,redness and discharge in
right eye 7 months back which has been resolved
spontaneously.
On slit lamp examination:
RE:Lid –trichiasis in LL
Conjunctiva –tarsal
follicles,scarring
Cornea-pannus in
superior part
rest is WNL
LE:
Conjunctiva –tarsal
follicles
rest is WNL
Q.1)What is the probable diagnosis?(mention stage also )

Q.2)How will you grade this condition?

Q.3)Mention about the treatment and preventive measures?

Case 3

3) A 50 year old fisherman came with

-c/o irritation and redness(RE) since 6 months

-no h/o discharge /pain/photophobia

Q.A)Describe the
finding in the image
shown.
Q.1)What is the probable diagnosis?name the differential
diagnosis for this condition.

Q.2) what are the complications?

Q.3)How do you treat this condition?

Case 4

4)A 28 year old mother bought her 7days old neonate with a
history of home delivery came with
-c/o Discharge from both eyes since 1 day
associated with redness of both eyes
On torch light
examination
-BE
-Lids- edema+
yellow discharge+
-conjunctiva-congestion
chemosis+
Q.1)what is the diagnosis? And probable etiology?

Q.2)what are the complications if left untreated?

Q.3)what is the treatment? And what are the preventive

measures?