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The Muscular System 1
The Muscular System 1
Medical Assisting
Learning Outcomes
26.1 List the functions of muscle.
26.2 List the three types of muscle tissue and describe
the locations and characteristics of each.
26.3 Describe how visceral (smooth) muscle produces
peristalsis.
26.4 Explain how muscle tissue generates energy.
Introduction
Bones and joints do not Muscles cause bones
produce movement and supported structures
The human body has to move by alternating
more than 600 between contraction and
individual muscles relaxation
Functions of Muscle
Muscle has the ability to Functions:
contract, permitting Movement
muscles to perform Stability
various functions Control of body
openings and passages
Heat production
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© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved
26-8
__
T Contractions of smooth muscle produce movement of organ
contents.
T Cardiac muscle produces atrial and ventricular contractions.
___
in and out
F Sphincters control movement of substances out of passages.
___
F Heat is released as muscles relax.
___
contract
Yippee!
© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved
26-25
Composition
Connective tissue
Skeletal muscle tissue
Blood vessels
Nerves
Correct!
© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved
26-35
Latissimus dorsi
Extends and adducts the arm
and rotates the arm inwardly
Subscapularis
Rotates the arm medially
Infraspinatus
Rotates the arm laterally
Brachioradialis
Flexes the forearm at the
elbow
Pronator teres
Rotates the forearm
medially (pronation)
© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved
26-42
Extensor digitorum
Extends the fingers, but not the thumb
Pectoralis minor
Pulls the scapula downward
Raises the ribs
Click for View of
Pectoral Girdle
Muscles
Gluteus maximus
Extends the thigh
Sartorius
Flexes the leg at the knee and thigh
Abducts the thigh, rotating the
thigh laterally but rotating the
lower leg medially
Gastrocnemius
Flexes the foot and flexes the leg
at the knee
Flexor digitorum
longus
Flexes the foot and
toes
Bravo!
© 2009 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved
26-54
In Summary
Skeletal muscles Smooth muscles
Voluntary control Involuntary control
Produce movement in Control body openings
conjunction with and passages
skeletal system Cardiac muscles
Help stabilize joints Involuntary control
Participate in heat Responsible for
production pumping action of the
heart
In Summary (cont.)
Medical assistants must understand the
muscular system to
Give IM injections
Prepare patients for massage therapy
Demonstrate ambulatory techniques
Assist in care and prevention of muscular
disorders
End of Chapter