Properties of Addition

and Multiplication of
INTEGERS
By Catherine M. Alariao
Closure Property
 Closure Property of Addition—when
you add
integers,then the sum is an integer.
a +b=I
53 8
9  7 =-2
(-6) +(-4) = -10
Commutative Property
 Commutative Property of Addition--changing
the order
in which you add does not change the sum.
abba
53 8 3 5  8
So, 5  3  3 5
More Examples:
9  7  7  9
(-6) +(-4) = (-4) + (-6)
Commutative Property
 Commutative Property of Multiplication--changing
the order
in which you multiply numbers doesn’t change
the product.
abba
12  2  24 2  12  24
So, 12  2  2  12
More Examples:
8  6  6  8
16 x(-4) =(-4)x 16
Associative Property
 Associative Property of Addition--changing
the way the numbers
are grouped does not change the sum.
(a  b)  c  a  (b  c)
(31)  6  10
3 (1 6)  10
So, (3 1)  6  3  (1 6)

{(-6) +(-4)}+5= (-6) +{(-4)+5}

Associative Property
 Associative Property of Multiplication--changing
the way the
numbers are grouped does not change the product.
(a  b)  c  a  (b  c)
(6  3) 1  18
6  (3 1)  18
So, (6  3) 1 6  (31)
{(-6) x(-4)}x5= (-6) x{(-4)x5}
Identity Property
 Identity Property of Addition--if
you add zero to a number,
you get the same number!
a0a
808
5  0  5

0 is called the identity of addition!

Identity Property
 Identity Property of Multiplication--if
you multiply a
number by 1, you get the same number!
a 1 a
6 1 6
9 1  9
1 is called the identity of multiplication!
Zero Property (of Multiplication)
 Any number multiplied by 0 equals 0!
a00
90 0
(-4)x 0 =0
Inverse Property
 Inverse Property of Multiplication--a number multiplied by its
reciprocal equals 1.
1
2
2
 1
1
5 1
5
1
3 
3
 1
Inverse Property
 Additive Inverse Property--a number plus its opposite equals 0.

a  (a)  0
9  (9)  0
5  (5)  0
Distributive Property
 A number outside parenthesis gets multiplied by every number
inside parenthesis.

5(4  2)  (5  4)  (5  2)
 20  10
 30
4(8  2)  (4  8)  (4  2)
10(9  5)  (10  9)  (10  5)
Identify the Property

54  45 Commutative Prop. Of Multiplication

3 0  3 Identity Prop. Of Addition

400 Zero Property

(-24+ 15)+ 12=-24 +(15+12) Associative Prop. Of Addition

-74 x 1= -74 Identity Prop. Of Multiplication