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Industrial Engineering 9.19 To...
Industrial Engineering 9.19 To...
Advantages
• It possesses almost the same advantages as enjoyed by synthesis
technique of Work Measurement.
• It aids in planning and scheduling.
• It provides a basis for rate fixing for non-repetitive works in
industries.
• It improves labour control.
Drawback
• For non-repetitive jobs, jobs involving long cycle times and the jobs
having elements of variable. nature. Stop watch time study or building
synthetic data, for timing such jobs does not prove to be economical.
• In Repair and Maintenance work, Tool rooms,
• Engineering construction,
• Job production,
• One time large projects, and
• Office routines, etc.
Synthesis builds up the total time for a job by adding the times for
different elements of the job. The element time values are taken from a
catalogue (of elements times) built from a firm's own past time studies
on other jobs having the concerned elements. Time values for all the
elements of a job to be timed can be .found from the previously
collected time data, (Synthetic Data).
P.M.T.S. is similar to synthesis but differs aS regards the characteristics
of the job elements. P.M.T.S. deals with more basic elements of duration
0.1 second or less whereas the element time in case of synthesis may be
of 3 to 4 seconds of duration.
Like Synthesis, P.M.T.S. also relies upon manuals or time catalogues for
building the total time fora job.
Analytical Estimating differs from P.M.T.S. as regards the duration of
elements. It is similar to synthesis.
• Machining work,
• Maintenance work,
• Assembly jobs,
• Servicing,
• Office work.
METHOD-TIME-MEASUREMENT (M-T-M)
• M-T-M does not require any modification of the basic time values.
Moreover the basic human movements in this system are analysed in
more detail. M-T-M measures time in terms of TMUs (Time-
Measurement-Units) and 1 TMU=0.0006 minutes.
• M-T-M analyses an industrial job into the basic human movements
required to do the same. From the tables of these basic motions,
depending upon the kind of motion, and conditions under which it is
made, predetermined time values are given to each motion. When all
such times are added up, it provides the normal time for the job.
Standard time can be found by adding suitable allowances.
Various classification of motions
• Reach-R,
• Move-M,
• Turn and Apply Pressure-T and AP,
• Grasp-G,
• Position-P,
• Release-RL,
• Disengage-D,
• Eye travel time and eye focus time-ET and EF.
• Body, Leg and Foot Motions, and
• Simultaneous Motions
Table: Reach-R
In Reach the hand moves to destination and has a predefined objective.
Time for Reach depends upon :
• the distance moved,
• nature of destination,
• type of reach, (ie., whether hands move/accelerate/decelerate at the
beginning to end of reach or not).
Cases for the motion Reach