HEALTH FOODS IN ORAL

HEALTH
ROLE OF XYLITOL
By
S.Nidharshana
2016008020
III B.Sc.,
FSN 305
Nutraceuticals and health foods
ORAL DISEASES
• Improper oral hygiene.
• 2 types- dental(teeth) and periodontal (gum) diseases.
• Due to pathogenic micro flora, eating sugar rich foods,
etc.
• 2 factors- intrinsic(gastric acid of stomach) and
extrinsic(foods that we eat).
• Streptococcus mutans are the major plaque forming
bacteria.
Diseases
• Dental diseases- tooth decay, tooth erosion, defective
enamel, flurosis, hypoplasia.
• Periodontal diseases- gingivitis, gum diseases,
connective tissue diseases.
• These can lead to periodontitis and then tooth loss.
• Sometimes plaques causes small air pockets and gum
inflammation.
• Other common oral diseases- oral cancer, dental
trauma, Noma, cleft lip and palate.
Xerostomia gum abscess NOMA
Dietary factors in oral health
• Low vitC- scurvy and gum problems
• Low vitA- salivary gland destruction
• Low vitD- weakness of teeth
• Malnutrtion- growth of pathogenic microflora
• Sugar rich and starchy foods- acid production due to
fermentation by microbes in mouth.
Nutraceuticals in oral health
• Odontonutraceuticals (odontos- tooth, nutraceuticals- bioactive
phytochemicals).
• Green tea, grape and cocoa seed extracts-rich in polyphenols
particularly catechins, a group of flavonoids and
proanthocyanidins.
• Catechin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate are flavonols, a group of
flavonoids.
• Proanthocyanidins- from oligomerisation and polymerisation of
flavonols.
• Aloe vera based gels- mucosal wound heals and promote pain
control in lichen planus patients.
Drawbacks
• Low oral bioavailability of phytochemicals.
• Efficacy can be improved by local drug delivery
systems buccosal mucosa which increases the
transmucosal absorption.
• Recent formulations has mucoadhesive carriers
including nanoparticle-enriched films, hydrogels,
sprays and patches.
Clove in oral health

• Contains eugenol- analgesic and antiseptic properties.

• Clove oil-relieve pain of dry socket, reduces bad
bacterial load(move from mouth to arteries cause
heart attack, common bacteria is Porphyromonas
gingivalis)and balances oral biome.
• Reduces gum swelling due to anti inflammatory
properties.
• Stimulates circulation due to its hot nature,
enhancing gum tissue health, helps remineralise the
teeth due to the protective properties against acids
erosion.
Guava leaves
• Contains phenolic compounds- analgesic, anti
inflammatory, anti microbial, hepato protective and anti
oxidant.
• Contain isoflavanoids, gallic acid, catechin, epicatechin,
rutin, naringenin and kampferol.
• Cure digestive, respiratory disorders and
inflammations.
• Leaves help in gum pain and infection, bad breadth,
mouth ulcers/sores and give a strong teeth and gums,
prevent from cavities.
Solanum nigrum

• Also called manathakali….its leaves treats mouth

ulcers
• Contains alcoholic extracts- antipathogenic and anti
carigenic against streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus
sobrinus, Streptococcus mitis.
• Streptococcus mutans antigen bodies are being
studied for use as vaccine against dental caries.
Coconut oil in oral health
• Contains medium chain fatty acids(lauric acid).
• Lauric acid + alkaline saliva(NaOH and NaHCO3) 
sodium laureate, a soap like matter.
• Minimizes the chance if sticking of bacteria and
reduces accumulation of plaques.
• Lauric acid has unique anti inflammatory activity,
anti microbial property against S.mutans &
S.albicans.
• Sucrose monolaurate- anticariogenic property.
Some herbs in oral health
• Tea tree oil:
Antiseptic, antifungal, non-irritant and a mild
solvent. Active component is terpinen-4-ol. It stimulates
the immune system and effective against a broad range
of bacterial and fungal infection.
• German chamomile:
Medicinal plant useful for anti inflammatory, analgesic,
antispasmoic and sedative properties. Useful in
gingivitis, periodontal disease and ulcers. Taken as a
tea or a liquid extract for a mouth wash.
• Coconut water:
Low in carbohydrates, 99% fat free & low in
sugar. Contains electrolytes similar to human plasma.
Excellent for oral rehydration, enhances immune
system, decreases mouth swelling, relieve spasm and is
a root canal irrigant (antimicrobial).
• Cranberry:
Contains flavonoids, phenolics, anthocyanins,
condensed tannins & antioxidants. Inhibits collagenase
enzyme associated with plaque formation, prevents the
adherence of bacteria to surface, prevents acid
formation, tooth decay & gum disease.
• Green tea:
It contains polyphenols like catechin,
epigallocatechin, epicatechingallate. It is anti
inflammatory, antibacterial for treating
periodontal disease.
• Propolis:
It is a plant derived and bee released
compunds. Treats dental carries, gingivitis,
dentinal hypersensitivity, denture ulceration,
periodontal pocket and lichen planus and used as
a mouth freshener.
• Tulsi:
Contains tannins, essential oil, eugenol,
methyleugenol, caryophyllene, methylchaviol, linalool
and cineole. It is antiohelminthic, analgesic, antipyretic,
immune stimulatory, antiulcer, antimicrobial & anti
inflammatory. Treats periodontis.
• Tripala:
Contains ascorbic acid, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin
& gallic acid. Treat dental caries, bleeding and ulcerated
gums. Has free radical scavenging activity preventing
gum cells.
• Marigold- helps healing after oral surgery and oral cavity
inflammations.
• Garlic- chopped and kept in mouth- sterilize the oral
cavity, strong antibacterial activity.
• Aloevera- treat periodontal surgery, gum abscess,
toothpick injuries, dry sockets, lichen planus, xerostomia,
gingivitis.
• Neem- twigs as a toothbrush, heals gum disease and
dental problems, inhibitory effect on bacteria, aadhesion to
hydroxyapatite in tooth surfaces.
• Turmeric- contains volatile oil(monoterpenes and
sesqueterpenes), curcumin & turmerone. Used in dental
caries, lichen planus, gingivitis, eliminates pain and
swelling.
• Aretium lappa- used as intracanal medication in
infected teeth.
• Primrose oil- contains gamma linoleic acid treats
inflammatory problems.
• Grape seed extract- contains proanthocyanidins acting
as antioxidant, remineralising the teeth, non-invasive
root caries theraphy.
• Papain- a proteolytic enzyme from papaya. Removes the
damaged collagen tissue, used in cariogenic treatment as
alternative.
• Septilin- contains minerals and anti inflammatory
properties.
Xylitol
• Found in 1970 by Finland.
• Naturally occurring sweetener in same class as
sorbitol, maltitol & mannitol.
• Found in fibers of trees, fruits & vegetables.
• Pure xylitol is a white crystalline substance
that looks and taste like sugar.
• On food labels, xylitol is classified broadly as a
carbohydrate & narrowly as a polyol or sugar
alcohol; however, xylitol is considered a “sugar-
free” sweetener.
• 5C sugar, sweeter than sorbitol, fewer calories
than sugar & has sweetening power same as
that of sucrose.
• Useful in Hydrated Mouth against Cavities,
Diabetics, Smoking Cessation, Otitis media,
lung and nasopharyngeal infections.
• Can be used by diabetic patient because of low
glycemic index and can be metabolised by
body without insulin.
Amounts to be taken
• Effective: 5-10 gms
• Humans can tolerate: 45 gms
• Required amounts
– Adult:6-12g/day
– Children:3-8g/day
• Human can synthesize a few grams/ day.
• Xylitol intake of more than 50g/day case
laxative effects like diarrhoea, irritable bowel
syndrome, flatulence.
Site of action of xylitol & fluoride
Mechanism of action
 Inhibits plaque
formation Remineralisation
of caries

Inhibits Non-cariogenic XYLITOL Anti cariogenic

S.mutans Preventive reversal

Enhances
Cannot be absorption of
metabolised Ca
Other benifits
• Short term use:
Prevent or inhibit the growth of bacteria in
mouth.
• Long term use:
Permanent reduction of bacteria. Changes
the mouth microflora in mother thus
restricting the transfer of pathogenic bacteria
from to child.
• Approved by FDA for dental activities.
• Approved in 40 countries for usage.
• Incorporated in paste, chewing gum.
• Chewing sugarless, xylitol gum upto 10
minutes can increase the salivary flowrate.
Xylitol products
Thank you