WEB SYSTEM

AND
TECHNOLOGIES

Prepared by:

CERILO B. RUBIN, JR.

tortzrubz@yahoo.com
09307307627
INTRODUCTION TO INTERNET
2.1 Explain what is Internet?

2.2 Discuss the major Contribution of internet in the society.

2.3 Determine the different conceivable (likely, feasible)

applications offered by internet.

2.4 Manifest proper etiquette (good manners) on the use of

internet

2.1 Know the history of the internet.

Internet Terminologies:
 World Wide Web (WWW)
 (Internet vs. WWW)
 Web
 Webpage
 Website
 Webpage vs. Website
 Static Website
 Dynamic Website
 ISP
 Web Browser
 Example of Web Browser
 Web Browser Environment
 Search Engine
 Examples of Search Engine
 Web Server
 URL
Explain what is Internet
 The internet is a globally connected network system that uses
TCP/IP to transmit data via various types of media.

 The internet is a network of global exchanges – including private,

public, business, academic and government networks –
connected by guided, wireless and fiber-optic technologies.

 It is a network of networks that consists of private, public,

academic, business, and government networks of local to global
scope, linked by a broad array of electronic, wireless, and optical
networking technologies.
 The Internet carries a vast range of information resources and
services, such as the inter-linked hypertext documents and
applications of the World Wide Web (WWW), electronic mail,
telephony, and file sharing.
 Major Contribution of internet in the society
Positive impact of Internet
-
 Internet usage - Internet has given meaning to everyone’s life and our youth have not left a stone
unturned to capitalize on it. In our daily life, right from the moment we open our eyes to the point
we fall asleep, internet is always with us or in other words, we revolve in and around internet.
It is the most powerful platform of the world.
 Learning and Education - Youth relies on internet to gather information. Learning and sharing
of knowledge has become so easy only because of internet. There are thousands of website
working towards the same mission and I do not want to start noting them down. One need not
wait to purchase a book to start absorbing knowledge, material is now openly available and
also, there is no shortage of assistance and mentorship through various means.
 Social Networking - Now, the second important facet is that of social networking. Life certainly
has changed and evolved with social networking being in the epicenter of everything. People are
far better connected than ever. Gone are those days when you can only be connected to a selected
few. The youth believes in social networking and is very well connected. Websites like face book,
twitter etc have had a major impact. Reaching anyone has become so easy. Who would have
imagined that a tweet to railway and foreign minister would be answered and will be auctioned
upon too ?
 Media Impact - Internet is capable enough of making anyone a star and also,
exposing the ones who deserve to grant our attention for all the wrong reasons. There
are comedians, singers, writers etc. who just employees internet to achieve stardom
and earn their living. Media is so very powerful. Youth no longer relies only on
newspapers or a 8 PM show to know what is happening in the country. We believe in
live feeds and is always connected through various sources again through internet.
 E-commerce Boom - E-commerce has changed the way we have done shopping and I
believe the youth today is utilizing it the most. Shopping has become a matter of
clicks and it is the internet that has helped us achieve it and not to forget, the huge
economy that exists today only because of such a model.
 Entertainment - Now, lets talk about everyone’s favorite, i.e. Entertainment.
Entertainment can take various forms ranging from listening to music, watching
movie, enjoying random videos (you all are correct and youth cannot live without
YouTube and porns), keeping a tab on sports through the live streams and passionately
supporting one’s favorite team, blogging, gaming, writing answers on public
knowledge sharing websites (just what I am doing now), planning travel itinerary
and looking for travel partners, finding a date, learning foreign languages and
musical instruments and the list goes on and on and on. What is common to
everything listed above is Internet, you now understand its impact and why I say that
Internet is not part of our life but our life today revolves around internet.
The internet is the most cost-effective communications
method in the world, in which the following services are
instantly available:

 Email
 Web-enabled audio/video conferencing services
 Online movies and gaming
 Data transfer/file-sharing, often through File
Transfer Protocol (FTP)
 Instant messaging
 Internet forums
 Social networking
 Online shopping
 Financial services
Negative impact of Internet
-
 Now, that I have (hopefully) made everyone believe that Internet is the biggest revolution we have
ever seen. It is that time when we put on our glasses and try to look at it as a critic. Below we have
the negative impacts of Internet listed.
 Internet Addiction Disorder - The biggest negative impact has to be that it really makes one
addictive. It really is hard to be a frequent n regular use without falling into its addiction. There is a
desease too that the scientists believe it can give rise to and is termed as “Internet Addiction
Disorder” and it can have its own adverse effects. (Do read about it a little in Wikipedia. I would not
be including the various statistics around the same.)
 Sedentary Lifestyle (setting pretyy nalang) - It has also largely contributed to sedentary lifestyle.
Who would want to do physical movement when almost everything is possible through couple of
clicks. Be it banking, shopping, booking hospital, paying bills or even searching your dream
home, its all so simple and fluidic in Internet. But this really has made the youth disease prone. We
are prone to Obesity (fatness,chubiness), Heart Ailments and even depression. Compare the
youth with the previous generation and we all know for a fact that they are far more happier and
healthier than we are.
 Cyber Crimes - Also, how can I not mention about cyber crimes. News that feature almost on a
daily basis around money laundering and looting, exposing someone’s private life through
various means, stealing sensitive government information are really disturbing for everyone of us
and is teh negative side of internet. Internet is open and there is no shortage of people who access
internet only with malicious intent. Such is the magnitude of this problem, that Cyber Security
now is a full fledged career option.
Conclusion -
The only suggestion here is that one must be
using it for good purposes and be
prudent(careful/ sensible /practical)
enough. It is we, who can make it look like a
blessing or a curse. It is immensely powerful
and no one knows it better to make the most
of it than the youth.
 Determine the different conceivable (likely,
feasible) applications offered by internet.
Internet Services allows us to access huge amount of information such as
text, graphics, sound and software over the internet.

Following diagram shows the four different categories of Internet Services.

 Communication Services
There are various Communication Services available that offer exchange of
information with individuals or groups. The following table gives a brief
introduction to these services:
S.N. Service Description
Electronic Mail
1
Used to send electronic message over the internet.
Telnet
2
Used to log on to a remote computer that is attached to internet.
Newsgroup
3
Offers a forum for people to discuss topics of common interests.
Internet Relay Chat (IRC)
4
Allows the people from all over the world to communicate in real time.
Mailing Lists
5
Used to organize group of internet users to share common information through e-mail.
Internet Telephony (VoIP)
6
Allows the internet users to talk across internet to any PC equipped to receive the call.
Instant Messaging
7 Offers real time chat between individuals and group of people. Eg. Yahoo messenger,
MSN messenger.
 Information Retrieval Services
There exist several Information retrieval services offering easy
access to information present on the internet. The following table
gives a brief introduction to these services:

S.N. Service Description

File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
1
Enable the users to transfer files.
Archie
2 It’s updated database of public FTP sites and their content. It
helps to search a file by its name.
Gopher
3 Used to search, retrieve, and display documents on remote
sites.
Very Easy Rodent Oriented Netwide Index to Computer
Achieved (VERONICA)
4
VERONICA is gopher based resource. It allows access to the
information resource stored on gopher’s servers.
Web Services
 Web services allow exchange of information
between applications on the web. Using web
services, applications can easily interact with
each other.
 The web services are offered using concept of
Utility Computing.
World Wide Web (WWW)

 WWW is also known as W3. It offers a way to

access documents spread over the several
servers over the internet. These documents
may contain texts, graphics, audio, video,
hyperlinks. The hyperlinks allow the users to
navigate between the documents.
Video Conferencing
 Video conferencing or Video teleconferencing
is a method of communicating by two-way
video and audio transmission with help of
telecommunication technologies.
Modes of Video Conferencing
Point-to-Point
Multi-Point
Based on a recent survey of Internet traffic, the 10 most popular uses of the Internet in
descending order of use are:

1. Electronic mail. At least 85% of the inhabitants of cyberspace send and receive e-mail.
Some 20 million e-mail messages cross the Internet every week.
2. Research.
3. Downloading files.
4. Discussion groups. These include public groups, such as those on Usenet, and the
private mailing lists that ListServ manages.
5. Interactive games. Who hasn’t tried to hunt down at least one game?
6. Education and self-improvement. On-line courses and workshops have found yet
another outlet.
7. Friendship and dating. You may be surprised at the number of electronic "personals"
that you can find on the World Wide Web.
8. Electronic newspapers and magazines. This category includes late-breaking news,
weather, and sports. We’re likely to see this category leap to the top five in the next
several years.
9. Job-hunting. Classified ads are in abundance, but most are for technical positions.
10. Shopping. It’s difficult to believe that this category even ranks. It appears that
"cybermalls" are more for curious than serious shoppers.
Manifest proper etiquette (good
manners) on the use of internet
DOS
 Respect other people's privacy
 Verify facts before reposting
 Check messages and respond promptly

DON'TS
 Name-call or express offensive opinions
 Post private or embarrassing images or
comments
 Exclude people or talk behind their backs
Know the history of the internet.

The history of the Internet begins with the

development of electronic computers in the 1950s.
Initial concepts of wide area networking originated
in several computer science laboratories in the
United States, United Kingdom, and France. The
U.S. Department of Defense awarded contracts as
early as the 1960s, including for the development of
the ARPANET project, directed by Robert Taylor and
managed by Lawrence Roberts. The first message
was sent over the ARPANET in 1969 from computer
science Professor Leonard Kleinrock's laboratory at
University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) to the
second network node at Stanford Research Institute
(SRI).
 Dif. Between Internet & WWW
What is The Internet?
 The internet is a massive network of networks, a networking infrastructure. It connects millions of computers together globally,
forming a network in which any computer can communicate with any other computer as long as they are both connected to the
internet. Information that travels over the internet does so via a variety of languages known as protocols.
 Quick Points about The Internet:
 It is a global network connecting millions of computers.
 The internet is decentralized.
 Each internet computer is independent.
 There are a variety of ways to access the internet.
 There are more than 3.5 billion internet users in the world What is The Web (World Wide Web)?

The World Wide Web, or simply web, is a way of accessing information over the medium of the internet. It is an information-sharing
model that is built on top of the internet. The web uses the HTTP protocol, only one of the languages spoken over the internet, to
transmit data. Web services, which use HTTP to allow applications to communicate in order to exchange business logic, use the
the web to share information. The web also utilizes browsers, such as Internet Explorer or Firefox, to access Web documents called
webpages that are linked to each other via hyperlinks. Web documents also contain graphics, sounds, text and video.
 Quick Points about The Web:
 It is a system of internet servers that support specially formatted documents.
 Documents are formatted in a markup language that supports links to other documents.
 You can jump from one document to another simply by clicking on hot spots (hyperlinks).
 Applications called web browsers that make it easy to access the World Wide Web.
 There are more than 1,275,000,000 websites.
Static Website vs Dynamic
 Static websites contain fixed number of pages and format of web page is
fixed which delivers information to the client. There are 110 changes in
contents of web page while page is running on client's browser. This kind of
web sites created from HTML and CSS coding on simple text editor like
notepad.
 Dynamic websites can change the web page contents dynamically while
the page is running on client's browser. This kind of websites use server- side
programming like PHP, Asp.NET. and JSP etc. to modify page contents on
run time. Dynamic websites use client side scripting for prepare dynamic
design and server- side code to handle event, manage session and cookies,
and storing and retrieving data from database. Example E-commerce sites,
online form application, E-governance site, social networking sites etc.
ISP

 An Internet service provider (ISP) is an

organization that provides services for accessing,
using, or participating in the Internet. Internet
service providers may be organized in various
forms, such as commercial, community-owned,
non-profit, or otherwise privately owned.
 Internet services typically provided by ISPs
include Internet access, Internet transit, domain
name registration, web hosting, Usenet service,
and colocation.
Search Engine

 A web search engine or Internet search

engine is a software system that is designed
to carry out web search (Internet search),
which means to search the World Wide Web
in a systematic way for particular information
specified in a textual web search query.
 Examples of Search Engine

This is a list of search engines, including

web search engines, selection-based search
engines, metasearch engines, desktop
search tools, and web portals and vertical
market websites that have a search facility
for online databases. For a list of search
engine software, see List of enterprise
search vendors.
web server

 A web server is server software, or hardware

dedicated to running said software, that can satisfy
World Wide Web client requests. A web server can, in
general, contain one or more websites. A web server
processes incoming network requests over HTTP
and several other related protocols.[1]
 The primary function of a web server is to store,
process and deliver web pages to clients.[2] The
communication between client and server takes
place using the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP).
Pages delivered are most frequently HTML
documents, which may include images, style sheets
and scripts in addition to the text content.
Uniform Resource Locator (URL),

 Uniform Resource Locator (URL), colloquially

termed a web address,[1] is a reference to a web
resource that specifies its location on a computer
network and a mechanism for retrieving it. A
URL is a specific type of Uniform Resource
Identifier (URI),[2][3] although many people use
the two terms interchangeably.[4][a] URLs occur
most commonly to reference web pages (http),
but are also used for file transfer (ftp), email
(mailto), database access (JDBC), and many
other applications.
Introduction to HTML
Introduction to PHP

 Prerequisite before getting into PHP

 1. HTML to define the content of web pages
 2. CSS to specify the layout of web pages
 3. JavaScript to program the behavior of
web pages