MEDIA AND INFORMATION

LANGUAGES
PRESENTED BY:
BRONDIAL, CANEJA AND HOBAYAN
 OBJECTIVES:

• Describe the nature of genre in relation to understanding codes and conventions.

• Evaluate everyday media and information with regard to codes, conventions, and messages.
• Discuss popular media tropes, specifically, television tropes.
• Produce and assess the codes, conventions, and messages of a group presentations.
MEDIA AND INFORMATION
LANGUAGES

TV
Commercial
Analysis

Genre
Codes and
Conventions
 MEDIA LANGUAGES
- ARE CODES, CONVENTIONS, FORMATS, SYMBOLS AND NARRATIVES
STRUCTURES THAT INDICATE THE MEANING OF MEDIA MESSAGES TO AN
AUDIENCE.
GENRE

• It comes from the French word meaning 'type' or 'class'.

• It can be recognized by its common set of distinguishing features (codes and
conventions)
CODES AND CONVENTIONS
• Codes
- are systems of signs, which create meaning.
*SIGNS
- smallest unit of meaning. It is anything that can be used to communicate. Signs include
words, images, sounds, objects etc.
Ferdinand de Saussure
-A Swiss linguist working in the early 1900's, was one of the first to develop a Semiotic Theory.
According to Saussure, a sign is made up of two elements, the signifier and signified.
• Signifier
-are the physical forms of a sign such as a sound, word or image
that create a communication.

• Signified
-is the meaning or thoughts a sign expresses, that the audience interprets.

*SEMIOTICS
- is the study of meaning-making, the study of sign processes and
meaningful communication.

Charles Sander Peirce

-an American philosopher and logician formulated his theory at the same
time as Saussure. Peirce's first use of the form semiotic was in 1897. Peirce
described semiotics as a relationship between a symbol, an icon and an
index.
• Conventions
- are the generally accepted ways of doing something.
TYPES OF CODE

• TECHNICAL CODES
• SYMBOLIC CODES
• WRITTEN CODES
TECHNICAL CODES
• It is ways in which equipment is used to tell the story (sound, camera techniques/angles, types of shots,
lighting)
EXAMPLE:
• Camera
• Editing
• Lighting
• Sound
• Special Effects
 SYMBOLIC CODES
• It is how what is beneath the surface of what we see (objects, setting, body language, clothing, actions
of characters or iconic symbols that easily understood)
EXAMPLE:
• Acting
• Setting
• Color
• Visual Composition
 WRITTEN CODES
• It is the use of language style and textual layout (headlines, captions, speech bubbles, language style)
EXAMPLE:
• Texts
• Typography
• Graphics
TV COMMERCIAL ANALYSIS