Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Vocal Forms
Vocal Forms
OF
AFRICAN MUSIC"
MARACATU
First surfaced in the african state of
Pernambuco, combining the strong rhythms of
African percussion instruments with
Portuguese melodies.
The maracatu groups were called nacoes
(nations) who paraded with a drumming
ensemble numbering up to 100, accompanied
by a singer, a chorus and a coterie of dancers.
ALFAIA DRUM
Tarol
Caixa
Gongue
Agbe
Ganza or Miniero
BLUES - is musical form of the late 19th
century that had deep roots in African-
American communities.
These communities were located in the
so-called "Deep South" of theUnited
States,
where the slaves and their descendants
used to sing as they worked in the
cotton and vegetable fields.
RAY CHARLES JAMES BROWN CAB CALLOWAY
ETTA JAMES
SPIRITWAL- the term spiritual normally
associated with a deeply religious person, it
refers to a song form, known as the " Negro
Spiritual," sung by African slaves in America
who become enslaved by its white
communities. This musical form became their
outlet to express their loneliness and anger, and
was a result of the interaction of the music and
religion from Africa with that of america.
CALL RESPONSE- the call and respose method is is a
succession of two district musical phrases usually
rendered by different musicians, where the second
phrase acts as a direct commentary on or response
to the first.
●Rattles - Rattles are vessels made of seashells, thin basketry, animal hoofs, horn, wood, metal,
cocoons, palm kernels, or tortoise shells. These may range from single to several objects that are
either joined or suspended to create sound as they hit each other.
●Agogo - is a single bell or multiple
bells that had its origins in
traditional Yoruba music as
well as in the samba bateria
(percussion) ensembles.
The mbira (thumb piano or finger xylophone) is from Zimbabwe that is used
throughout the continent.
D. CHORDOPHONES.
The earth bow - also called ground bow or pit harp
- consits of a flexible pole which is planted in
the gground. A string is attached to a stone, a piece of bark, or a small
piece of wood.This type of bow is often used in ceremonies involving
magic.
Kora - is Africa's most sophisticated harp,while also having features
similar to a lute. It is body is made from a gourd or calabash.
- A support for the bridge is set across the opening and covered
with a skin that is held in place with studs.
- The leather rings afound the neck are used to tighten the 21
strings that give the instrument a range of over three octaves.
-The kora is held upright and played with the fingers.
Zither - is a stringed instrument with varying sizes and shapes
whose strings are stretched along its body
E. AEROPHONES