Prepared by: MERSEL M.

BARBA, LPT
 OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the workshop, you are expected to:
• Describe journalism and its key points;
• Identify the keys to writing good journalism;
• Enumerate the several different forms of
journalism; and
• Write good journalism.
Photojournalism
Sports Journalists
at Indianapolis Motor
Speedway
Migrant Mother
Dorothea Lange
produced the seminal image
of the Great Depression
 An American
Young Girl
Marc Riboud. Washington
DC. 1967
 Passage
Matthew Cusick: Art that
Travels
 Children of
Puray
Matthew Cusick: Art that
Travels
“A PICTURE IS WORTH A
THOUSAND WORDS”
PHOTOJOURNALISM
 PHOTOJOURNALISM
 It is the process of story telling using the
medium of photography as the main story
telling device.
 The photojournalist uses camera to capture
the visual representation of a story.
 ROLES OF
PHOTOJOURNALISTS
Photojournalists create pictures that contribute to
the news media, and help communities connect
with one other.
They must be well informed and knowledgeable
about events happening right outside their door.
They deliver news in a creative format that is not
only informative, but also entertaining.
 QUALITIES OF A GOOD
PHOTOGRAPH/ IMAGE
• Timeliness. The images have meaning in the context of a
recently published record of events.
• Objectivity. The situation implied by the images is a fair and
accurate representation of the events they depict in both
content and tone.
• Narrative. The images combine with other news elements to
make facts relatable to audiences.
“APICTURE IS WORTH A
THOUSAND WORDS”
(but only if it got a really good
cutline, too!)
 CAPTION AND CUTLINE
 Captions: Captions are the little “headlines”
over the “cutlines”
 Cutlines: Cutlines (at newspapers and some
magazines) are the words (under the
caption, if there is one) describing the
photograph or illustration.
CAPTION AND CUTLINE
Obama vs. Palin caption line
President Obama and former Alaska Gov. Sarah
Palin have agreed to disagree over the rules of a
“death match” scheduled between the two in the
Capitol Rotunda. Betting odds in Las Vegas give the
nod to Palin, who has been known to shoot a
moose, after the two met on Thursday. cutline
 CUTLINE: Required Information
Who is that? (And, in most cases, identify people from left to
right unless the action in the photograph demands otherwise.)
Why is this picture in the paper?
What's going on?
When and where was this?
Why does he/she/it/they look that way?
How did this occur?
 TIPS IN WRITING CUTLINES
• Trite writing should be avoided. Do not point out the obvious
by using such phrases as “looks on,” “is shown” and “pictured
above.”
• Don't editorialize. The cutline writer should never make
assumptions about what someone in a picture is thinking or try to
interpret the person's feelings from his or her expression. The
reader should be given the facts and allowed to decide for herself
or himself what the feelings or emotions are.
 TIPS IN WRITING CUTLINES
• Avoid the known; explain the unknown. The cutline
writer should avoid characterizing a picture as beautiful,
dramatic, grisly or other such descriptive terms that
should be evident in the photograph. However, the
cutline should explain something about how the picture
was taken if it shows something not normally observable
by the human eye.
 TIPS IN WRITING CUTLINES
• Reflect the image. Cutline writers should make sure that the
words accurately reflect the picture. If a picture shows two or
more people, the cutline writer should count the number of
identifiable people in the photo and check the number and sex of
the people identified in the cutline to make certain that they
match. Special precautions should be taken to make sure that the
cutline does not include someone who has been cropped out of
the original photo.
 TIPS IN WRITING CUTLINES
• Always, always, always check spelling. The cutline
writer should check the spelling of names in the story
against the names that a photographer has provided to
see if there are discrepancies. The editor also should be
sure that names in the cutline are the same names used in
the story. It should not be John Smith in the cutline, but
John P. Smith in the story.
 TIPS IN WRITING CUTLINES
• “Wild art.” Photographs that do not accompany stories
often are termed “wild art.” The cutlines for wild art
should provide the same basic information that a story
does. Such things as the “five W's” (who, what, when,
where and why) are good to remember when writing such
cutlines. Don't try writing the cutline without needed
facts.
 TIPS IN WRITING CUTLINES
• Accompanying art. If a picture is running with a story, a
lengthy cutline is usually not needed. Sometimes a single
line is sufficient to identify the people or situation shown
in the picture and to make clear their relationship to the
story.
• Shorter is better.
• Don’t do fiction.
Literary Writing
 LITERARY WRITING
• It is defined as creating a new creative work.
Poetry
 POETRY
• Poetry (ancient Greek: ποιεω (poieo) = I create)
is an art form in which human language is used
for its aesthetic qualities.
• It is a form of writing that uses not only words,
but also form, pattern of sound, imagery, and
figurative language to convey the message.
 ELEMENTS OF POETRY
• THEME
• TONE
• FORM
• SOUND DEVICES
• IMAGERY
• FIGURES OF SPEECH
 THEME

• The theme of the poem is its central or main idea.

• It is the message of the poem.
 TONE/MOOD

• It is the feelings or the emotion of the speaker in the

poem as reflected with the choice of words of the writer.
 FORM
• A poem's form is its appearance.
• It is divided into lines.
• Many poems, especially longer ones, may also
be divided into group of lines called stanzas.
• Stanzas function like paragraphs in a story.
Each one contains a single idea or takes the
idea one step at a time.
 SOUND DEVICES
Some poems use some techniques of sound such as rhythm,
rhymes, rhyme scheme, alliteration, onomatopoeia, and repetition.
• Rhythm is the pattern of beats or stresses in the poem.
• Rhyme is the repetition of similar sounds.
• Rhyme scheme is the rhyming pattern that is created at the end
of the lines of the poem. If the poem does not have a rhyme
scheme, it is considered to be a free verse poem.
 SOUND DEVICES
• Alliteration is the repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of
words.
Peter Piper pick a peck of pickled peppers.
• Onomatopoeia are words used to represent particular sounds.
Crash…Bang…Boom…Zip
• Repetition refers to repeating some words or lines within the poem to
create emphasis.
 IMAGERY

• Imagery is used to create image to the reader's

imagination. It appeals to the five senses of the reader.
 FIGURE OF SPEECH
• Figures of speech are a special kind of imagery. It creates mental
representation by comparisons.
• Figures of speech are connotations. It should not be taken literally.
• SIMILE is a comparison using like or as.
• METAPHOR describes one thing as if it were another.
• PERSONIFICATION gives human characteristic to
something nonliving.
 DOS IN WRITING POETRY
• Keep paper and pen handy.
• Jot down a theme or a line or two that come to your
mind.
• Take time to munch it well. Add more points.
• Take more time to collect ideas as they come to you.
Fit in rhymes if you like. Arrange them.
• Provide images to the reader.
 DOS IN WRITING POETRY

• Believe in the inspiration of the Holy Spirit.

• Refer to friends or relatives for preview,
comments or corrections in your poem.
• Read poems and songs. Study how the lines and
stanzas are made up.
• Be fresh in your thinking and expressions.
 DON'TS IN WRITING POETRY
• Don't be rigid or fixed about the form or number
of lines.
• Don't try to imitate a poem/poet unless you write
parody.
• Don't use poetry to teach or to teach directly
• Don't hesitate to revise and correct what you have
first written.
Prose
 PROSE
• Prose is a form of language that has no
formal metrical structure.
• It applies a natural flow of speech, and
ordinary grammatical structure, rather than
rhythmic structure, such as in the case of
traditional poetry.
 TYPES OF PROSE

• Nonfictional Prose: A literary work that is

mainly based on fact, though it may contain
fictional elements in certain cases.
Examples include biographies and essays.
• Fictional Prose: A literary work that is
wholly or partly imagined or theoretical.
Examples are novels.
 TYPES OF PROSE
• Heroic Prose: A literary work that may be written
down or recited, and which employs many of the
formulaic expressions found in oral tradition.
Examples are legends and tales.
• Prose Poetry: A literary work that exhibits poetic
quality – using emotional effects and heightened
imagery – but which are written in prose instead of
verse.
FLASH FICTION
 WHAT IS
FLASH FICTION?
• It is also known as sudden fiction, micro
fiction, short short story, and quick fiction.
• It is a very concise short story.
• It creates a strong image in your head while
reading.
• It can be as short as a sentence.
• It usually contains 300 to 1,000 words.
MAIN ELEMENTS OF A SHORT STORY

• Theme. The central or main topic of the story.

• Characters. The ones who take actions and give impact to the
story.
• Setting. The place, time, weather, and the mood of the story.
• Plot. The introduction, rising action, climax, falling action and
resolution of the story.
• Conflict. The internal and external problem of the story.
TIPS IN WRITING FLASH FICTION

• Pick a small topic.

• It should have few characters only (usually
less than three characters only).
• It shouldn't have a fancy introduction.
Start with action.
• Keep readers guessing. Surprise them.
 References:
• Icon Photography School. (2019). What is photojournalism?. Retrieved from
https://photographyicon.com on May 15, 2019.
• Knost, M.. (2019). Writing flash fiction. Retrieved from https://linkedin.slideshare.com on May 15, 2019.
• Literary Devices. (2019). Prose. Retrieved from https://literarydevices.net on May 15, 2019.
• Pelfusion. (2019). Amazing photojournalism worth a thousand words. Retrieved from
https://www.pelfusion.com on May 15, 2019.
• Poetry.org. (2019). What is poetry. Retrieved from https://www.poetry.org on May 15, 2019.
• Queenvictoria. (2019). Short story and flash fiction. Retrieved from https://linkedin.slideshare.com on
May 15, 2019.
 References:
• Santosh, K. (2019). How to write to poetry. Retrieved from https://linkedin.slideshare.com on May 15,
2019.
• Sleek. (2017). Why protest photography in photojournalism still matters. Retrieved from https://www.sleek-
mag.com on May 15, 2019.
• Spataro, B. (2019). Elements of poetry. Retrieved from https://linkedin.slideshare.com on May 15, 2019.
• Web.ku. (2019). Photo captions and cutlines. Retrieved from https://web.ku.edu on May 15, 2019.
• Wikipedia. (2019). Photojournalism. Retrieved from https://en.m.wikipedia.org on May 15, 2019.
WORKSHOP IN
PROGRESS…
Prepared by: MERSEL M. BARBA, LPT