ASAM

BY: SAFRIANA, S.T

 ASAM
Menurut Svante Arhenius, asam adalah
senyawa yng akan terionisasi dalam air
menghasilkan ion hidrogen (H+)

+ -
HCl  
H
 2 O
H + Cl ( aq )
acid (g ) hydrogen ion ( aq )

Suatu larutan bisa menunjukkan sifat asam

nya dengan keberadaan ion hidrogen
Asam bisa digolongkan menjadi:
• Asam Monoprotic
-> yaitu asam yang akan menghasilkan satu ion hidrogen
ketika larut dalam air. . Example:HCl, HNO3, HNO2
• Asam Diprotic
-> yaitu asam yang akan menghasilkan dua ion hidrogen
ketika larut dalam air. Example: H2SO4, H2C2O4
• Asam Triprotic
-> yaitu asam yang akan menghasilkan tiga ion hidrogen
ketika larut dalam air.. Example: H3PO4
• Tanpa adanya ion hidrogen, suatu larutan tidak
bisa menunjukkan sifat asamnya.
• Suatu asam hanya akan menunjukkan sifat
asamnya ketika ada air. Tanpa air, asam murni
dalam keadaan kering tidak bisa menunjukkan
sifat asamnya.
• Keberadaan air menyebabkan molekul asam
terionisasi menghasilkan ion hidrogen sehingga
dapat menunjukkan sifat asamnya.
When egg shell is put into vinegar
in the beaker, small bubbles
appear on the surface of egg
shell,, why???
 Properties of Acids • Acids give sour taste,
example: Fruit such as
lime, orange are sour
because they contain
Why lemon has citric acid
sour in taste?
• Acids are corrosive,
meaning that they can
destroy other materials,
including metal and
marble
• Acids have pH less than
7.
 Acids change the colors of indicators as shown
as follows:
indicator Colour of indicator in acidic solution
1. Blue litmus paper Red
2. Universal Indicator Orange and red
3. Methyl orange Red
Calcium carbonate in egg shell
reacts with acid (vinegar) to
produce bubbles of Carbon
dioxide gas on the surface of the
egg shell

Vinegar is
actually a dilute
ethanoic acid Egg shell
contains
calcium
carbonate
 An acid reacts with a metal carbonate to produce:

• CaCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq)→ CaCl2(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O (l)

Salt,
Water,
and
Carbon dioxide gas
 Acids can react with:

• Bases to produce
 NaOH + HCl→ NaCl + H2O

Salt
Water
And
• Acids react with a reactive metal such as
Zinc, Magnesium, Aluminium, Iron to
produce

Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq) → ZnCl2 + H2 (g)

Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) → MgCl2 + H2 (g)

Salt
and
Hydrogen gas
 Uses of Acids In Daily Life
• Sulphuric acid: used to make paints, detergents,
fertiliser
• Hydrochloric acid: used to remove rust, to clean
metals before electroplating
• Nitric acid:used to make nitrate fertilisers, dyes,
explosives such as TNT
• Benzoic acid: used as food preservative
• Methanoic acid: used to coagulate latex
• Carbonic acid: used in fizzy drinks
• Ascorbic acid: used as Vitamin C
• Ethanoic acid –vinegar is actually a 5% of a
aqueous ethanoic acid. Vinegar is used to preserve
and pickle fruits and vegetables
Thank You