AUTHORSHIP: JOSE RIZAL

José Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda was born on June

19, 1861 in Calamba, Laguna. Jose Rizal was a brilliant student
during his early years, even more so when he travelled to Spain to
complete his further studies in medicine.
 AUTHORSHIP: JOSE RIZAL
During his time in Europe, he wrote about the discrimination of the

Spaniards among the Filipinos. He joined the Propaganda

Movement connecting with other Filipinos who wanted freedom from
the Spanish Colonizers
 AUTHORSHIP: JOSE RIZAL
When Rizal returned to the Philippines in 1892, he was immediately
exiled due to his desire for reform. However, he continued to pursue
the publication of his books, Noli Mi Tangere and El Filibusterismo.
As a result, he was convicted and executed on December 30, 1896
despite his peaceful way of revolt.
 AUTHORSHIP: TIME
TIME magazine is a New York based publisher founded in 1923 by
Henry Luce and Britton Haden, two young journalists who wanted to
start a magazine that would inform busy readers in a systematic and
concise manner. The publisher focuses on brevity regarding their
articles. Hence, one of their taglines is “Take Time–It's Brief”.
 AUTHORSHIP: TIME
In 1998 (date published) the managing editor was Walter Isaacson.

Now, their current managing editor is Nancy Gibbs. According to

their website “time.com”, their main mission is for their products to
be appealing and relevant but at the same time, inspired by what’s
going on with the world.
 FORMAT
The two prints were published in totally different times. Noli Mi
Tangere was published in 1887, while TIME’s “The Cancer of
Corruption” was in 1998. Noli Mi Tangere was written at the time
when the Spanish Empire colonized the Philippines. With that, the
Filipinos were oppressed, physically and mentally, by the corrupt
Spanish leaders.
 FORMAT
The exercise of power in order to gain full control was rampant, in
other words, corruption was prominent.
 FORMAT
Some friars also sexually abused Filipinos during that time and in

order to keep it secret, the Spanish filtered the media (print) that
tried to expose their controversies. They also imposed Christianity in
order to strike fear among the Filipinos leaving them distracted on
what was really happening.
 FORMAT
Although “The Cancer of Corruption” was released roughly 111 years
after Noli’s release, the context is highly comparable. In 1998, the
President of the United States claimed that he had plans on bombing
Iraq. Eventually, the bombing actually happened, yet the media
coverage was one-sided.
 FORMAT
It did not feature the deaths of the Iraqi civilians that reached
approximately 200,000. Therefore, one can say that through political
power and influence, the media was manipulated in order to hide the
possible issues regarding the US President of that time.
 AUDIENCE
Filipino’s living in the Spanish colonial period were the primary
audience of Noli Mi Tangere. They understood its various
symbolisms for they were living in the actual context of the book.
Since the older generation understood the metaphors in the book,
they were aware of the scandalous crimes commited by the Spanish.
As a result, they were strengthened to unite and join the revolution
that changed the course of Philippine History.
 AUDIENCE
However, high school students in much later generations might fail

to interpret the hidden meanings of the book. Simply because they

live in a totally different context
 AUDIENCE
Consequently, it did not have as much impact to the younger
audiences. The book perhaps made the youth compare the historical
context of the book to the present context in which they are living in,
making them aware on what is going on today.
 AUDIENCE
Noli Mi Tangere and Jose Rizal’s works in general inspired Gregorio
Zaide, a Filipino author and historian and politician to write the
book“José Rizal: Life, Works, and Writings”
 AUDIENCE
Similarly, the young and the old were also audiences of “The
Cancer of Corruption”. However, it affected the older readers more
since they are more aware of the global issues compared to the
younger readers. In other words the magazine is more relevant to
the older readers, engaging them to read more about the prevalent
issues in the magazine.
 AUDIENCE
Younger readers however, will be uninterested and will probably

read another material that’s more relatable to them.

 CONTENT
Noli Mi Tangere is mostly about the exposition of the corruption
and scandals of the Spanish colonizers expressed in a storyline
with metaphors and hidden symbols all throughout the texts. Its
most controversial idea is the friars’ excercise of power while
commiting mental, physical, and sexual abuse.
 CONTENT
In other words, this book was an attack to the church officials and its

high-ranking members. Due to its highly controversial content, the

book was pursued and banned by the Spanish officals of that time.
 CONTENT
TIME magazine’s “The Cancer of Corruption” from the title itself, is
another material narrates the issues regarding corruption. However, it
focuses more on the politicians rather than the high-ranking church
members. It talks about bribery among the government officials.
 CONTENT
Bill Clinton and his scandals during his term as US president was
the most controversial feature of this magazine. The Whitewash
Scandal, a scandal connected to Clinton’s real estate deals and
campaign fund was narrated in one of the articles.
 CONTENT
But, one can also say that the information that was released to the
public was filtered and manipulated by the government. Unlike
Jose Rizal’s Noli Mi Tangere that spoke the truth as a whole,
revealing everything about the Spaniards without hindrance and
manipulation from external influences that could possibly alter
some information that may keep the people in the dark.
 PURPOSE
Noli Mi Tangere was written for power instead of profit. However,
the term power in this case signifies empowerment among the
oppressed Filipino people. Rizal wanted to empower the
Filipinos by writing this book. He wanted to expose the
Spaniards and their abuses so that the Filipinos will gain
courage and strength in order to start a revolution which
eventually.
 PURPOSE
On the other hand, TIME published the magazine for both power
and profit. Although the contents of both prints are highly similar,
the magazine is a product of a corporation. A corporation’s primary
goal is to gain more profit. They do this by that selling and
featuring storiesthat are profitable and related to the contexts in
time. With that, the corporation will increase in terms of sales,
giving them more money to expand, thus, gaining more power.
 PHASE 2:
BROADCAST
 RADIO
Featured Songs: Bayan ko by Freddie Aguilar
and Isang Bandila by Rivermaya
 BAYAN KO
Ang bayan kong Pilipinas Ibon mang may layang lumipad
Lupain ng ginto't bulaklak Kulungin mo at umiiyak
Pag-ibig na sa kanyang Bayan pa kayang sakdal-dilag
palad Ang 'di magnasang makaalpas
Nag-alay ng ganda't dilag
Pilipinas kong minumutya
At sa kanyang yumi at Pugad ng luha at dalita
ganda Aking adhika
Dayuhan ay nahalina Makita kang sakdal laya
Bayan ko, binihag ka
Nasadlak sa dusa
 ISANG BANDILA
Wag kang mabahala sa kahol Isang ugat, isang dugo
ng mga aso Isang pangalan, Pilipino
Ligtas ang pag-asang Isang tadhanang lalakbayin
nakasakay sa ating mga palad Isang panata, isang bandila
at balikat
Wag mong patulan, wag mong
sakyan ang mga talangka
Panis ang angas sa respeto’t
pagpapakumbaba
Walang matayog na pangarap
Sa bayang may sipag at tiyaga
 ISANG BANDILA
Isang ugat, isang dugo Isang ugat, isang dugo
Isang pangalan, Pilipino Pare-parehong Pilipino
Isang landas na tatahakin Mga tadhanang magkapatid
Isang panata, isang bandila Isang panata, isang bandila
Pekeng bayani Isang bandila
Pekeng paninindigan
Subukan naman nating
pagtulung-tulungan
Paglayang ating minimithi
Hindi alamat, hindi konsepto
Ang bayanihang minana mo
 AUTHORSHIP
Bayan ko was written and performed by Freddie Aguilar, while
Isang Bandila was by Rivermaya whose front man is Rico
Blanco. Freddie was born on the 5th of February, 1953. He is a
folk musician best known for his song “Bayan Ko” , a song
about the opposition of the Marcos regime.
 AUTHORSHIP
Freddie Aguilar originally studied Electrical Engineering at De
Guzman Institute of technology but eventually stopped to pursue his
dream, to become a full-time musician.
 AUTHORSHIP
Rivermaya is a Filipino rock band that was formed in 1994. It
was one of the most popular 90s bands who lead the alternative
rock revolution in the country. Its current members are Mark
Escueta, Nathan Azarcon, Mike Elgar, and Ryan Peralta. Former
members who contributed to the song were Bamboo Mañalac
and Rico Blanco.
 FORMAT
Bayan ko was originally a Spanish song, but Freddie Aguilar
made a folk rendition that became famous during the 80s. This
song had revolutionary lyrics that reflected what was
happening during Marcos’ regime, hence, it attracted more
listeners.
 FORMAT
The song was released during height of the Marcos’ Regime
around the 1970s and 1980s, the time when many of the
Filipinos were subject to physical and mental abuse. Its lyrics
are inspiring, hence, it helped strengthen the hearts of the
Filipinos to oppose Marcos and participate in the revolutions
that freed the country from Martial Law.
 FORMAT
Isang Badila by Rivermaya is an alternative rock song. Electric
guitars with distortions and the harsh bangs of the drums make
this song powerful which attracts more attention. During this
time, Fidel Ramos was accused of multiple corruption cases by
using his power to deceive the people.
 FORMAT
It was also during this time (1990s) that patriotism among
Filipinos started to fade away because of their mistrust of the
government. It contributed to the restoration of unity among the
Filipinos by capturing their attention through the powerful aura
the song radiates when it is played and at the same time,
enlightening them through the lyrics on why should they unite
and promote nationalism.
 AUDIENCE
The target audiences for both of the songs are the Filipino
citizens, the young and the old. For the young Filipinos who did
not experience Martial Law and the government issues in the
90s, they might interpret the songs literally and ignore the
meaningful symbols because they do not know the contexts
behind those lyrics.
 AUDIENCE
However, for the Filipinos who lived during the 70s to 90s, they will
interpret the two songs as a criticism and reflection on what was
going on during those years.
 AUDIENCE
For Bayan Ko, since it was released during Marcos’ regime,
people were strengthened to join the EDSA revolution.
 AUDIENCE
While for Isang Bandila, its context is based on the economic crisis

because of the controversies regarding the national fund during the

90s . Filipinos started to realize why they should unite and why is it
important for them to do so.
 AUDIENCE
Both songs offer a message of peace and unity, as a result it
contributed to the peace of the country making the Filipino’s lives
prosper in the absence of conflict.
 AUDIENCE
JoAnne Lorenzana, a famous Filipino jazz and pop artist sang a

cover of Bayan ko as part of a nationalistic campaign in the country,

it was aired through television and radio.
 CONTENT
Bayan ko talks about the love for the country and the suppression
of freedom in the line“Ibon mang may layang lumipad kulungin
mo at umiiyak” which symbolizes the people who cry for help
when robbed of freedom . The “ibon” symbolizes the people while
the persona being mentioned who is doing the act of
imprisonment represents the politicians who run the country.
 CONTENT
While, Isang Bandila ‘s lyrics lean towards hope through the
line“Ligtas ang pag-asang nakasakay sa ating mga palad”, a line
that means the country’s hope is in the hands of the citizens. This
is a message that encourages the people not to lose hope for
hope is safe in their hands.
 CONTENT
Criticism of politicans in the line “Pekeng bayani” is evident, which

literally means fake hero. The title itself talks about unity among the
Filipinos and also the line “Isang ugat, isang dugo” which literally
translates to, one vein, one blood.
 CONTENT
But similarly, the two lyrically powerful songs talk about the
importance of unity, hope, and love for the country in achieving
peace and freedom. The songs also talk about the corrupt
government officials that run the country and how they manipulate
the people in order for them to gain the upper hand. In other
words, for them to gain more power.
 PURPOSE
Bayan ko was purely written during the Spanish era and
covered by Freddie Aguilar during the 80s. In this case, this
song was not intended for profit nor power. It was a
revolutionary song that has a pure intent to inspire and
strengthen the patriotism of the Filipinos.
 PURPOSE
Freddie Aguilar who lived in a time where there was constant conflict

decided to help unite the Filipinos once more. Therefore, he made a

cover that shook the hearts of the Filipinos during that time.
 PURPOSE
On the other hand, Isang Bandila was written and performed by a
commercial rock band during the 90s. So, it can be argued that
they made this song with mixed intentions: to unite the country and
to gain more profit and popularity through their influential lyrics and
sound.
 PURPOSE
However, because Rivermaya is not a typical commercial rock band

that produces songs mainly about love, it can be said that their
intent on writing Isang Bandila could lean towards encouraging
patriotism and criticizing the corrupt politicians
LIST OF SHOWS
• Night court
• Hill street blues
• Miami vice
TV SHOWS
 AUTHORSHIP
Miami Vice is an American crime drama TV series written and
produced Anthony Yerkovich together with Michael Mann.
Anthony Yerkovich is also known for his similar themed TV
show entitled “Hill Street Blues”.
 AUTHORSHIP
Michael Mann is American film director, screenwriter, and
producer of film and television. He is a prominent figure in
the broadcasting and film industry. He has received
numerous awards and nominations for his also crime and
drama themed movies “Heat” and “The Insider”
 AUTHORSHIP
House of Cards is a political web drama series shown in Netflix
created by Beau Willimon. He is also for his campaign-trail
play, Farragut North (which he adapted with George Clooney
and Grant Heslov into Clooney’s film The Ides of March).
 AUTHORSHIP
Media Rights Capital approached different networks such
as HBO and AMC about this series but ended up shown in
Netflix. Netflix is an entertainment company founded on
August 29, 1997 by Reed Hastings and Ralph Randolph. It
provides videos online, streaming media and DVD by mail.
 AUDIENCE
Miami Vice and House of cards is generally for all mature

audiences. However, people who are living in the USA will be able to
understand both of the series better than those living outside the
US.
 AUDIENCE
This is due to the fact that the dialogues of both series have

particular slangs that are only familiar to Americans.

 AUDIENCE
Since both series were set in the US, Americans will be able
to perceive deeper into the symbols and meanings embedded
all throughout the storylines that are highly based on the
context of America.
 AUDIENCE
On the other hand, non-American citizens will have shallower
understanding in regards to the story simply because they do
not live in the contexts of the series.
 AUDIENCE
These two series expose non-American citizens as to what
was going on during the different contexts of the shows
(1980s and 2010s).
 AUDIENCE
As a result, ignorance among the people will be lessened
and false information regarding the US will be corrected.
 FORMAT
Miami Vice is a crime-drama television series about the city police in
pusuit to the criminals, mostly drug syndicates. It also features the
“bad side” of the cops that abuse their given position and power for
their own benefit. Bribery is one example.
 FORMAT
Since the series is highly based on the police, the characters are
mostly masculine and tough in nature which could make other
people idolize them and also attract more viewers.
 FORMAT
Action scenes are thrilling to watch because of the classic cop-
car chase that includes guns, ammunition and strong language
that could contribute to the intensity and impact of the show.
 FORMAT
The first episode of House of Cards was aired on February 1, 2013.

So far, 4 seasons have been released and season 5 is rumored to

be aired on May 30, 2017.
 FORMAT
House of Cards is about a congressman and his rise to
presidency. The show depicts the abuse of power and
controversies of the government officials. The dialogue
expressed by Kevin Spacey was one of the highlights of the TV
show..
 FORMAT
As a whole, the cast of the show excellently portrayed their
assigned characters. Together with the brilliant and storyline,
the show offered a glimpse of what was happening “behind
the scenes” of the government through entertainment
 FORMAT
Although the two TV series are different in terms of
characterization, Miami Vice focusing on cops and House of
Cards focusing on politicians, both of them depict corruption in
the same concept: the misuse of power.
 CONTENT
Other episodes were based on crimes such as firearms trafficking,
for which Miami was equally a gateway for sales to Latin America,
as well as the Miami River Cops scandal (a real police corruption
ring that involved narcotic thefts, drug dealing and murders), street
prostitution, serial home burglaries, crimes committed by Cuban
immigrants to Miami following the Mariel
Boatlift, and Yakuza and Mafia activity in Miami
 CONTENT
Although the two TV series are different in terms of characterization,

Miami Vice focusing on cops and House of Cards focusing on

politicians, both of them depict corruption in the same concept: the
misuse of power.
 CONTENT
Miami Vice was set during the 1980s where big-time syndicates
such as the Italian Mafia and the Yakuza were using Miami as a
gateway to Latin America in order for narcotics trading to be made
possible.
 CONTENT
In the series, some of the corrupt police officers were involved in the

drug trade. Thus, they benefited from the illegal operation financially
which is a controversial portrayal of the police officers in reality.
 CONTENT
For the modern context, House of Cards was set during the 2010s.

During this time, elections for the US were beginning and the media
coverage was very rampant and astoundingly influential. The series
is about an experienced congressman who is just beginning to rise
up to power.
 CONTENT
In the series, the congressman symbolizes the government as a

whole while a reporter symbolizes the media. In a nutshell, the

congressman manipulates the reporter by giving her secrets of the
government which she could use for her articles in exchange for
covering up his political scandals.
 CONTENT
Both of the series are criticisms of the flawed political systems and
the corrupt people who run them. The TV shows are integral parts of
exposing members of the society to the lies they are being
bombarded with by the government.
 CONTENT
Both of the series are criticisms of the flawed political systems and
the corrupt people who run them. The TV shows are integral parts of
exposing members of the society to the lies they are being
bombarded with by the government.
 CONTENT
Although it is very unlikely, it is possible that these TV shows might
just inspire someone to start up a revolution for reform.
 PURPOSE
Miami Vice and House of Cards were produced for the purpose of

gaining both power and profit. The producers took advantage of the
contexts of both series in creating TV shows. They did this by basing
the storylines on the contexts of their time (1980s and 2010s).
 PURPOSE
This is because a more relatable story will appeal to more people,

making them watch TV more which results to more profit. More

money signifies more power to expand their businesses and create
more TV shows to again, gain more profit.
 BROADCAST:
ADVERTISEMENTS
 AUTHORSHIP
Democracy Coffee is a campaign that started in order to raise

funds needed to expand voter’s awareness campaign and to

provide voters an easy way to exercise their democratic

influence by voting with their dollars in an era where fundraising

decides elections. It’s an anti-corruption campaign to get money

out of politics.
 AUTHORSHIP
(PSE: PAL), also known historically as Philippine Air Lines, is the
flag carrier of the Philippines. Headquartered at PNB Financial
Centre in Pasay City, the airline was founded in 1941 and is the
first and oldest commercial airline in Asia operating under its
original name.
 AUTHORSHIP
Democracy Coffee is a coffee brand that started to raise

awareness about corruption.

Philippine Airlines however, is an airline that

promotes our country’s beautiful places to

increase our country’s tourist rate.

 FORMAT
Democracy Coffee commercial was publicized last October 14,
2014 by democracycoffee.com. They did a creative way of
showing how corruption and unfair elections are evident in our
society.
 FORMAT
They used animation to portray the said situation and
narration to explain the current situation of corruption
when it was released. It was stated that corrupted people
was so powerful especially whenever they use their money
to eliminate fair elections supporters.
 FORMAT
On the other hand, in 1986, AVIA Communications launched its
integrated marketing communications campaign “The Beauty of
the Philippines – Shining Through” via television spot placements
in PAL’s key overseas markets, supported with an intensive print
ad campaign as well as posters, brochures, and other point of
purchase materials in travel agencies, Philippine embassies and
consulates and other channels.
 FORMAT
The first creative element that was evident was the music, the
lyrics of it describing how beautiful Philippines are and how its
beauty is shining through. The colour yellow or sun was also
evident in the video to portray the warmth and joy in our country.
 AUDIENCE
The main audience that was targeted by the Democracy Coffee
commercial was the voters since they have the power to eliminate
corrupt officials by giving out the right vote. Second it may also
attract the people who drink coffee since it’s not just a product for
sale but also a source of profit for a greater cause.
 AUDIENCE
PAL’s audiences however, were the tourists outside the country.
Aside from portraying the beauty of our country, it will also help
the increase of our tourism. Another audience are Filipino citizens
and by the use of this commercial, they’ll be more attracted to the
beauty of our country and aside from visiting other countries, they
might consider exploring their home land first.
 CONTENT
Corruption was very evident when the Democracy Coffee
commercial was released back in 2014 that have a message and
details about it. The line about how large corporations continue to
try to eliminate fair elections supporters was the biggest evidence
on how corruption rules the world at that time.
 CONTENT
While on the other hand, the Philippine Airlines’ commercial was
a big help to promote nationalism and tourism in our country to
help our economy to rise then back in the 1980’s. Parts of the
lyrics of the song that goes as “The beauty of the Philippines is
shining through” really helped give out the message of the video
on how beautiful our country is.
 PURPOSE
Democracy coffee commercial was created for both profit and
power. The profit gained from the sales was used as fund
raising and the power of this commercial was to raise
awareness and/or to help promote the fairness during
elections.
 PURPOSE
Philippine Airlines commercial was created for two reasons: to

promote our country’s beautiful tourist spots and to increase our

economy by persuading tourists to visit our country.
PHASE 3: CINEMA
 AUTHORSHIP
Jerrold Viacrusis Tarog or commonly known as Jerrold Tarog is a
Filipino filmmaker, composer, and director with awards and
disciplines of the filmmaking craft.
 AUTHORSHIP
He is known for his films Heneral Luna, Shake Rattle and Roll 13,

and confessional. His 2015 historical epic HENERAL LUNA has

become one of the highest-grossing historical films in the history of
Philippine cinema, earning around P250M from its nationwide
theatrical run alone.
 AUTHORSHIP
Catalino Ortiz Brocka, or more famously known as Lino Brocka,
was one of the Philippines’s greatest auteurs. He was a radical
filmmaker whose socially conscious films explored the plight of
the marginalized and ignored sectors of the Filipino society.
 AUTHORSHIP
Both are actually great directors that don’t only have put a
great name, but also had made a history in the film industry.
They both acclaimed by international critics and audiences
and there movies were also able to win some prestigious
awards from international film festivals.
 AUTHORSHIP
The difference between the two is that Lino Brocka’s films,
though was actually rejected in his own country because of the
“R-rated” content and LGBT themes, often carries a message
that is typically sympathetic to the poor and the working class,
and are also frequently controversial while Jerrold Tarog’s films’
genres are more of horror to mockumentaries, and youth
dramas.
 AUDIENCE
Both movies are actually for general audience, though the only
difference is that the film ‘Bayan ko: Kapit sa patalim’ is a ‘r-rated
movie which means that only 18 years old above were only
allowed to watch it. So, as to be more specific, the adults are the
target audience for that film.
 AUDIENCE
As for the film ‘Heneral Luna’, we presume that its main target were

the students since, some tend to slowly forget about the Filipino
heroes.
 AUDIENCE
As for the Bayan Ko: Kapit sa Patalim, although it has a great
story, the graphics of it is not something you could actually
admire especially if you are a person that is born in the 2000s
and was already exposed to HD graphics, but nonetheless, the
movie was great and it something you could relate to especially
to our social and political issues.
 AUDIENCE
Both films were not only for mere entertainment, but also a
great way for us to gain some knowledge about the Philippine
history, especially in Heneral Luna, we learn to appreciate
more about our national heroes because we would still be
suffering under the hands of our colonizers if it weren’t for
them; we can also learn some life lessons in Bayan Ko: Kapit
sa Patalim.
 AUDIENCE
Lessons like not even trying to turn in doing dirty deeds, especially
crimes, just to gain money in desperate needs.
 AUDIENCE
Only in the film Heneral Luna only we have come up for a
particular famous person, although we cannot actually say that
is indeed influenced by the film, but only has similar characters
with General Antonio Luna himself, and that is, President
Rodrigo Duterte. They are both the same intelligent people,
fearless, trigger happy, and somewhat womanizer.
 FORMAT
Set during the Philippine-American war, a short-tempered Filipino
general faces an enemy more formidable than the American army:
his own treacherous countrymen. The film Heneral Luna was
released in cinemas nationwide in the 9th of September 2015.
 FORMAT
The producers used the appropriate props and clothing on the
said era of the film, and the actors were actually dressed
according to their assigned characters. The effects were also
remarkable like the fake blood because you would actually dare
to even ask yourself whether it real or not.
 FORMAT
The casts were perfect for their roles; they were always in
character, they brought out their acting nicely, and they were able
to resurrect those famous historical persons like how John Arcilla
acted out as General Antonio Luna.
 FORMAT
The film used both low-key and high-key lighting but the majority of it
was the low-key lighting and it actually elaborated more the
emotions of the actors and the atmosphere of the scene.
 FORMAT
When an uncaring society pushes a man to the limit, he has only
one choice. It was said that the government did not allowed the
film to be screened in the Philippines due to lot of censors, and
Brocka had to went to the Supreme Court to request the film to be
screened in the Philippines. On November 6, 1985, a year after
the Cannes Film Festival only the film was released in the
Philippines.
 FORMAT
The whole story is amazing. It is a slice of life’ type of movie that
really lets you have a glimpse about the corruption that is
conventional in the Manila government. You’ll definitely be
amazed about the shoot-outs that are shared between the
policemen and the kidnappers.
 FORMAT
Overall, just like the former movie which is the Heneral Luna,
the actors chosen were good and were able to bring out their
character well, their costumes were fit to their character and the
also the year of that movie was made and released.
 FORMAT
Both films are the same in terms of their mise-en-scene; their
costumes, props, and how their actors brought out their assigned
characters and brought it out to life. It also seems like they both
share the same genre which is action.
 FORMAT
Aside from the era of the films, their difference is that General Luna
kills for the sake of his country, to free the Philippines from the
Americans while Turing does dirty deeds because of his desperate
need to pay his wife’s hospital payments.
 CONTENT
When the film Heneral Luna was released, Human Rights
criticized the response of President Benigno Aquino III to reports
on the murders of an indigenous Luman family and alleged rape of
an indigenous Manobo girl by soldiers and militiamen of the
Philippine Army.
 CONTENT
When the film Bayan ko: kapit sa patalim was released, it was
actually martial law era and the film was disowned by the
Philippine government and was also believe that was smuggled
out of the country.
 CONTENT
Both films helped changed the world by opening the minds of the
viewers, but the only difference is the message the two films carry.
 CONTENT
The film Heneral Luna taught us that Filipinos were not stupid as

what the Western colonizers believe, but are actually willing to shed
blood even if it means gaining our freedom while the film Bayan ko:
kapit sa patalim taught us that crime is not always the solution to
everything.
 CONTENT
Both films are important to the history because both showed one
of the significant eras in the Philippine history like the Philippine
Revolution against the Americans in the film Heneral Luna, and
martial law era in the film Bayan ko: kapit sa patalim. ‘Para kayong
mga birheng naniniwala sa pag-ibig ng isang puta’, is one of the
famous lines in the film Heneral Luna.
 CONTENT
The line is somewhat relevant to our situation right now because
General Luna fought for us to gain independence, but as we look
at our situation right now, we simply cannot call ourselves truly
free from the Americans because we’re still clinging and
depending on them.
 CONTENT
The films tries to impose that we need to change our mentality in
order to be a better Filipino citizen and for us to put our country
before us. We need sovereignty and independence in our own
motherland.
 PURPOSE

It is a universal truth that movies are actually aiming for profit

nowadays, but as to the film ‘Heneral Luna’, they both used profit
and power.
 PURPOSE
They used power to portray Luna for profit, so basically they are

trying to hit the birds with one stone. They wanted to show to the
people the power of General Luna and then they fixed the setting
and made the plot to become interesting for the profit.
 PURPOSE
However, in the film Bayan ko: kapit sa patalim, it is more of power.
They used it to show the power of those who are in higher position
in the government, and how those people could easily ruin the lives
of those poor and working class men in just a flick of their fingers
without even letting the public know.
PHASE 4
 VINCENT LASCANO
B. The Walk
C. Bon Iver - 22, A Million –
September 30, 2016

D. Crispy M&M'S featuring

Diedrich Bader Television
Commercial 1999

E. U.S. & China Formally

A. Commit to Paris Climate
Agreement – September 6,
2016

C.
WINONA CASTRO
A. Vogue Magazine
B. Movie: House on Haunted Hill
C. Song: Heartbreaker by Mariah
Carey featuring Jay-Z

D. TV Commercial: Nickelodeon
Bumper-Happy Halloween

E. News: Los Angeles Times:

Hoyt Axton, Singer, Character Actor and
Hit Songwriter, Dies
SHAIRA COGOLLODO

A. Time Magazine
B. Girl Interrupted
C. I knew I loved you- Savage
Garden
D. John West- Red Salmon,
man fights bear
E. MAYON ERUPTION
IMMINENT, SAYS
PHIVOLCS
CYNDRELL CASINTAHAN
B. Film that was showing (Hollywood
release date) on the month born
“The Crew”
C.Famous song on the month born
Sisqo – Incomplete
D. Famous TV commercial on the
year born
John West Salmon: Bear Fight
(Leo Burnett London, 2000)
E. News Headline on the exact date
of birth Marines Ground 3 Kinds of
Copters August 28, 2000|From Times
Wire Reports
LADY LIBRES
B. “The World is Not Enough”
(November, 1999)

C.“The Millemium Prayer- Cliff Richard”

D. Product: Ameritrade brokerage firm

(known for quotes like "Let's light this
candle!" played by Michael C.
Maronna)
Character: Stuart

E. “A Frontier Town Still Standing KIM

MURPHY, TIMES STAFF WRITER”
 SOURCES
 https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/Fishman/time-behar.html
 http://content.time.com/time/covers/europe/0,16641,19980622,0
0.html
 http://www.biography.com/people/jos%C3%A9-rizal-39486#early-
life
 https://www.wsws.org/en/years/1998/
 http://www.globalissues.org/article/108/crisis-in-1998
 https://biklish.com/2008/06/20/20080620-01/
 TV SHOWS
Featured TV shows: Hill Street Blues and GoT/House of
cards
http://www.popmatters.com/review/181739-hill-street-blues-
the-complete-series/
http://www.hillstreetblues.net/cast/cast.html
http://www.asu.edu/courses/fms520bh/total-readings/deming-
---hill-street-blues-as-narrative.pdf
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Hill_Street_Blues_chara
cters
 MORE SOURCES
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beau_Willimon

 http://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2015/02/beau-
willimon-house-of-cards-interview
 SOURCES
 http://henerallunathemovie.com/#Synopsis
 http://ldsfilm.com/directors/Brocka.html
 https://theculturetrip.com/asia/philippines/articles/lino-brocka-
the-philippines-greatest-director/
 http://www.jerroldtarog.com/profile
 https://jacoblaneria.wordpress.com/2013/10/22/bayan-ko-
kapit-sa-patalim-lino-brocka-1984/
 http://bayan-ko-kapit-sa-patalim-1985.28961.movie-
plot.onlinemoviedatabase.info/
 SOURCES
 http://www.metrolyrics.com/isang-bandila-lyrics-rivermaya.html
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freddie_Aguilar
 http://www.lyricsmania.com/bayan_ko_lyrics_freddie_aguilar.ht
ml
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivermaya
 https://entertainment.inquirer.net/114411/rivermaya-going-
through-the-incarnations
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JoAnne_Lorenzana
 http://www.liquisearch.com/fidel_v_ramos/presidency/controve
rsies
 URL
• http://worldwide.chat/Crispy_M&M'S_featuring_Diedrich_Bader_Tele
vision_Commercial_1999/l_lcph9QjUo.video
• (https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=uA9-DhBEX0w)
• (http://articles.latimes.com/1999/oct/27/news/mn-26812)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jjnmICxvoVY
• https://www.google.com.ph/webhp?sourceid=chrome-
instant&rlz=1C1CHZL_enPH711PH711&ion=1&espv=2&ie=UTF-
8#q=GIRL+INTERREUPTED
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CVS1UfCfxlU
• http://articles.latimes.com/2000/aug/28/news/mn-11533
• http://articles.latimes.com/1999/nov/27
• http://www.officialcharts.com/charts/singles-chart/19991128/7501/
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_American_advertising_characters