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Cell Biology: Ferdinand V. Escalante, LPT Vvinzons Pilot High School Ppt3 7/01/19
Cell Biology: Ferdinand V. Escalante, LPT Vvinzons Pilot High School Ppt3 7/01/19
CELL
BIOLOGY
FERDINAND V. ESCALANTE, LPT
PPT3 7/01/19
• Cytoskeleton.
The cytoskeleton is
responsible for cell shape,
motility (movement) of the cell
as a whole, and motility of
organelles within a cell. There
are three types of filaments in
the cytoplasm of most
vertebrate cells: microfilaments,
microtubules, and intermediate
filaments.
• Plasma Membrane Structure
• The plasma membrane is composed of a
phospholipid bilayer, which is two layers of
phospholipids back-to-back. Phospholipids are lipids
with a phosphate group attached to them. The
phospholipids have one head and two tails. The
head is polar and hydrophilic, or water-loving.
•Cells in the human body number in the trillions
and come in all shapes and sizes. These tiny
structures are the basic unit of living organisms.
•Cells comprise tissues,
•tissues comprise organs,
•organs form organ systems,
•and organ systems work together in an organism.
• History
• Cell structure
CONTENTS
• Internal cellular structures
• Processes
HISTORY
CELL STRUCTURE
Scenedesmus, a green algae.
• Blood is considered a connective tissue for two basic
reasons: (1) embryologically, it has the same origin
(mesodermal) as do the other connective tissue types
and (2) blood connects the body systems together
bringing the needed oxygen, nutrients, hormones and other
signaling molecules, and removing the wastes.
• The plasma membrane serves the same function in both prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic
cells.
• False b. In some cases c. Maybe d. True y
• Correct Answer:True
• Information:The plasma membrane of both prokaryotic cell and eukaryotic cell is both
made up of phospholipids and thus serves the same function, acting as a permeability
barrier of the cell.
• A group of different cells with different function is a tissue
• Correct Answer:False
• Information:A group of cells can only be called a tissue when the cells are the same or
similar and when they have a specific function.
THIS IS A KIND OF MUSCLE TISSUE THAT DOES NOT
MOVE UNDER VOLUNTARY CONTROL.
Why are the leaves of succulent plants thick and fleshy?
• Which of the following plants have modified leaves to attract pollinators?
• Poinsettia z
• Pitcher plants
• Aloe
• All of these choices
• Pitcher plants have tubular or vase-shaped
leaves. What are the main functions of these
modified leaves?
• None of these choices
• To attract pollinators
• To trap prey and secrete fluid to digest its
prey
• To ward off herbivores
• In mangroves, what is the
function of pneumatophores
(upright conical roots)?
• All of these choices
• To absorb gases directly from
the atmosphere.
• To attract marine life
• To enhanced anchorage
• What is the purpose of microvilli?
• Contribute to reproduction
• Increase the surface area of cells
• Aids in cell reproduction
• Secrete enzymes
• Where are alveoli located?
• Lungs
• Trachea
• Bronchioles. Z
• Larynx
• What specialized cell
facilitates nerve impulses to
and from the brain to the
spinal column?
• Neuron z
• Neuroglia
• Microglia
• Axon
• What is the function of ciliated epithelium in the upper airways?
• Traps dust particles
• Clears the airways
• Serves as barrier from foreign particles
• Sweeps mucus with inhaled particles away from the lungs. Z
• Structurally, plant and animal cells are very
similar because they are both eukaryotic cells.
They both contain membrane-bound organelles
such as the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic
reticulum, golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and
peroxisomes. Both also contain similar membranes,
cytosol, and cytoskeletal elements.
• What is cell modification?
• Features or structure of the cell that makes it different from another type of cell and at
the same time enables it to carry out unusual functions.
• Plant and animal cells are specialized to be able to carry out their tasks efficiently.
• They have particular adaptation to their structure to suit its function.
• Why does cell modification occur?
TENDRIL
• In botany, a tendril is a specialized stem,
leaves or petiole with a threadlike shape
that is used by climbing plants for support,
attachment and cellular invasion by
parasitic plants, generally by twining around
suitable hosts found by touch. They do not
have a lamina or blade, but they can
photosynthesize.
• This tissue forms the outer protective covering of a plant and makes up the entire body of herbaceous
plants.
• Dermal
• Ground
• Vascular
• Epidermal z
• NotesInformation:Epidermal tissues are closely packed cells that make up the body of both non-woody
and young woody plants.
HTTPS://STUDY.COM/ACADEMY/LESSON/CILIATED-
EPITHELIUM-FUNCTION-STRUCTURE-DIAGRAM.HTML
• Ciliated epithelium is a thin tissue that has hair-like structures on it. These hairs,
called cilia, move back and forth to help move particles out of our body. We
find ciliated epithelial tissue in our respiratory tract and in the fallopian tubes of
women.
• Which of the following is NOT a function of the waxy cuticle?
• Information:The walls of epidermal cells exposed to air are covered with a waxy cuticle. Its function is to
minimize water loss and protect the plant from bacteria and other organisms that may cause diseases
• The vascular tissues are composed of xylem and phloem which are responsible for the transport of
water and food.
GROUND TISSUES
They are plant tissues that
synthesize organic compounds
and store the products.
GROUND TISSUES CAN BE DIVIDED INTO THREE
CLASSES BASED ON THE NATURE OF THEIR CELL WALLS.
• Fibro cartilage is found in the pads between the vertebrae and the wedges in the knee joints.
• Correct Answer:True
• Information:Plants have specialized cells and parts to carry out specialized functions. These
specialized functions enable them to survive harsh conditions and enhance reproduction.
• Pitcher plants have tubular or vased-shaped leaves. What are the main functions of these modified leaves?
• Correct Answer:To trap prey and secrete fluid to digest its prey
• Information:The prey supplies the plant with protein, nitrogen and other minerals that may not be readily
available in the soil.
• ______ roots develop from the stem of even from the leaves.
• Correct Answer:Adventitious
• Tap root is a large dominant root where other roots sprout laterally.
• What is the red blood cells adaptation?
• It has a biconcave disc-shape.
• It carries oxygen
• It has no nucleus and has biconcave disc-shape
• It has no nucleus.
• Red blood cells have biconcave disc-like shape to provide more surface area for gas exchange.
STRUCTURES
TOPICS TO CONSIDER
TALKING ABOUT
• Look in the slide notes below for topics to consider
PROCESSES talking about
• https://www.thoughtco.com/types-of-cells-in-the-body-
WORKS CITED 373388