•Prayer

• Checking of Attendance/ Seating

Arrangement
•Index Card
•Checking of Assignment
•Lesson Proper
 Introduction to

Literature
Reference: Gillespie, S. et.al.(2005).World literature:
Connecting nations and cultures.Jurong, Singapore:
Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd.
basic biodiversit
needs y

people art

experienc
nature
e
 w r i t e r s
W h at
an d c r i t i cs
say a b o u t
l i t er a tu r e …
“There is no
Frigate like
a book.”
Emily Dickinson
“ I have always
come to life
after coming
to books.”
Jorge Louis Borge
 “ Narrative is
radical, creating
us at the very
moment it is
being created.”
Toni Morrison
“Every great work
of art makes the
human face
more admirable
and richer.”
Albert Camus
 i ng of
M ea n
e
Th
r a tu re
Li te
• Derived from the Latin “litterae” which means “things
made from letters”.
• Acquaintance with letters
• “A performance in words” (Robert Frost)
• “Writings which interpret the meanings of nature and
life, in words of charm and power, touched with the
personality of the author in artistic forms of
permanent interest.” (Henry Van Dyke)
• Used to refer to compositions that deal with life
experiences.
From: Sialongo, E. B. et.al.(2007). Literatures of
the world. Sampaloc, Manila: Rex Book Store, Inc.

• Language in use that provides insights and

intellectual stimulation to the reader.
• A product of a particular culture that
concretizes man’s array of values, emotions,
actions and ideas.
• An art that reflects the works of imagination,
aesthetics, and creative writing which are
distinguished for the beauty of style or
expression as in fiction, poetry, essay, or
drama, in distinction from scientific treatises
and works which contain positive knowledge.
addressing someone that caused you pain before
Qualities of Literature…

Literature is
creative.
Qualities of Literature…

Literature is suggestive.- It appeals to our

emotions and imagination rather than our
intellect.
Qualities of Literature…
Literature is universal.-
Readers across the globe share common
experience, desires and expectations.
Qualities of Literature…
Literature is permanent.-
If properly reserved, whatever is written
shall remain and may be read by future
generations.
ELEMENTS OF LITERATURE

Written works having excellence in:

• Form
• Expression
• Ideas
• Widespread and Lasting Interest
The Function of Literature

• To express one’s self

• To instruct
• To delight
• To actively shape our culture
• To construct and articulate
socio-cultural realities and to
involve you as the reader in an
invigorating interaction with
these realities
The Function of Literature

• To empower one in an active

engagement with the world
• To develop mature sensibility and
compassion for the condition of all
creation
• To appreciate beauty
• To shape one’s own goals and values
and clarify one’s own identity
• To develop wider perspective of events
Importance of Literature
“Literature helps us grow, both personally and
intellectually. It links us with the broader society of
which we are a part. It allows us to recognize human
dreams and struggles of different peoples and places.
It helps us develop mature sensibility and compassion
for all creations in the universe. It gives us the
knowledge and perception to appreciate the beauty of
order and arrangement. It enables us to see the
worthiness in the aspirations of all people. It exercises
our emotions through interest, concern, tension,
excitement, hope, fear, regret, laughter and sympathy.”
(Patron, 2002)
Importance of Literature
• It mirrors LIFE in all its
forms and generalities.

• It reflects anything in an
existing society.

• It presents anything
written creatively that
conveys author’s
personal experience,
thoughts, ideas,
emotions, opinion, vision
and dreams- narrative,
PROSE TYPES
• NOVELS- a long narrative divided into chapters
and events are taken from true-to-life stories.
• SHORT STORY-
STORY a narrative involving one or
more characters, one plot and one single
impression.
• PLAYS- presented on a stage, is divided into
acts and each act has many scenes.
• LEGENDS- fictitious narratives, usually about
origins.
 PROSE TYPES
• FABLES- are also fictitious and they deal with animals and
inanimate things who speak and act like people and their
purpose is to enlighten the minds of children to events that
can mold their ways and attitudes.
• ANECDOTES-
ANECDOTES are merely products of the writer’s imagination
and the main aim is to bring out lessons to the reader.
• ESSAYS-
ESSAYS express the viewpoint or opinion of the writer about
a particular problem or event. The best example of this is the
Editorial page of a newspaper.
• BIOGRAPHY-
BIOGRAPHY deals with the life of a person which may be
about oneself, or that of others (written by someone else)
PROSE TYPES

• AUTOBIOGRAPHY- deals with own life’s

experiences (written by himself/ herself)
• NEWS- a report of everyday events in society,
government, science and industry, and
accidents, happening nationally or not.
• ORATION- a formal treatment of a subject
and is intended to be spoken in public. It
appeals to the intellect, to the will or to the
emotions of the audience.
POETRY TYPES
• NARRATIVE POETRY- describes important events in life
either real or imaginary.
– EPIC, METRICAL TALE, BALLAD
• LYRIC POETRY- originally, this refers to that kind of
poetry meant to be sung to the accompaniment of a lyre,
but now, this applies to any type of poetry that expresses
emotions and feelings of the poet. They are usually short,
simple and easy to understand.
– FOLKSONG, SONNET, ELEGY, ODE, PSALMS, SONG, CORRIDO
• DRAMATIC POETRY
– COMEDY, MELODRAMA, FARCE, TRAGEDY, SOCIAL POEMS
Classifications of Literature
• Fiction- refers to stories based on a writer’s
imagination. (literature of power)
• Non-fiction- refers to compositions which
describe or interpret facts and present judgments
and opinions. (literature of knowledge)
• Poetry- expresses a conversation or interchange
of deeply felt experiences of human beings.
• Drama- is literature designed to be performed
by actors.
Assignment 1:
I. Complete the table by identifying the origin of literature piece/
author’s nationality, classifying whether PROSE OR POETRY,
recognizing the specific type of piece and then categorizing
whether POETRY, FICTION, NONFICTION or DRAMA.
1.The Hunchback of Notre Dame – Victor Hugo
2. How My Brother Leon Brought Home a Wife – Manuel Arguilla
3.The Harvest Song of Aliguyon- Amador Daguio
4. Literature and Society – Salvador P. Lopez
5. Things Fall Apart - Chinua Achebe
6. Romeo and Juliet – William Shakespeare
7. Ibong Adarna- Huseng Sisiw
8. The World is an Apple – Alberto Florentino
9. The Road Not Taken – Robert Frost
10. Haiku
EXAMPLE:
Do this task in ½ crosswise; essay at the back.
TITLE ORIGIN GENRE TYPE CLASSIFICATION
Florante at Philippines/ Poetry Lyric Poetry Poetry
Laura by Filipino (Awit/
Francisco Song)
Balagtas or
Narrative
Poetry
(Epic)

II. ESSAY (explain in not more than 7 sentences only):

 ASSIGNMENT 2:
“MANNEQUIN-LIT
CHALLENGE”
• Choose a literary work that your group considers as great
literature when it comes to message, value, and social
relevance.
• Considering the storyline of the chosen literature, capture a
video of yourselves portraying a specific, PERSONAL,
ENVIRONMENTAL, EDUCATIONAL OR SOCIAL ISSUE which
you think can still be seen in today’s era and another video
for the solution (continuous)
• May use props and better if background/ venue can also
enhance the portrayal that will happen.
• Use text and preferred music to add up to the quality of the
output.
 ASSIGNMENT 2:
“MANNEQUIN-LIT
CHALLENGE”
• Post the said video in our FBgroup.
• As you post the video, key in details first in the status
section:
– CREATIVE TITLE/ PERSONALIZED TITLE
– FROM WHAT LITERATURE PIECE AND THE AUTHOR
– ONE- PARAGRAPH DESCRIPTION OF THE ISSUE PORTRAYED
(relating info with that of the details from the literary work as
inspiration of the task done; stating why and how the society is still
experiencing such problem at the present time)
– IN THE VIDEO ITSELF, make sure to include the personalized title,
one-sentence description of the solution and then section, group
number and names at the end part.