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The First Voyage Around - 2018-10-17 01-27-58000
The First Voyage Around - 2018-10-17 01-27-58000
The First Voyage Around - 2018-10-17 01-27-58000
World
1519-1522
Europe had no idea what had befallen Magellan and his men after they set sail in
1519. It was up to Pigafetta to tell the story, which his journal was more than
capable of doing. He drew up a copy of his notes (polished up, complete with
illustrations of various islands they had encountered) and had them published in
a French version in 1523.
Pigafetta, with an easy manner and an eye for the unusual,
produced a very readable account of the first successful
circumnavigation and gave readers a glimpse into the
manners and customs of the native people encountered, as
well as information on local flora and fauna. He also
compiled glossaries of native words, giving their European
equivalent
About the Author
• Born: circa 1491 to a Patrician family in Vicenza,
Italy
• At a young age, Antonio already wanted to travel,
to see “the very great and awful things of the
ocean.”
• He served as secretary to the Papal Ambassador to
the Court of King Charles I, in Valladolid, Spain
• There he learned that King Charles I was
sponsoring an expedition, backed by Germany’s
Frugger family of bankers, to reach the East Indies
by sailing west, and will be commanded by
Ferdinand Magellan.
About the Author continued…
• With the letters of recommendation from the King, young Antonio went to Seville
and signed on as the only non-seaman, civilian tourist/observer.
• He served the captain, i.e. Magellan, as log-keeper and amanuensis - an artistic
assistant.
• Due to Magellan’s demise, Pigafetta, wounded, arrived back in Spain with a load of
cloves valuable enough to more than pay for the entire expedition.
• Back in Italy, he wrote more accounts of the trip.
• He entered the monastic Order of the Knights Hospitaller of St. John of Jerusalem →
Knights of Rhodes → Knights of Malta
• He took his vows in 1530 with the Grand Master, Philippe de Villers l’Ile-Adam as
his new client
• He died in 1536 defending Malta against the attacking Turks
About the Author continued…
Markets European
for Motives Military
Finished & Naval
Goods For Imperialism Bases
Social
Darwinism
Places to
European Dump
Racism Unwanted/
Excess Popul.
Used to determine
angles, vessels
latitude, or the top
and bottom angle
of an object.
Navigational tools continued…
Magnetic Compass and Compass
Rose:
• The magnetic compass was a
compass that had a magnetized
needle supporting a magnetic
card. This compass showed
from four to eight directions.
This innovation helped the Age
of Exploration flourish because
it showed explorers what
direction they were headed. So
basically it helped explorers
reach their destination. The
compass rose also told
direction.
Navigational tools continued…
Astrolabe:
• The Astrolabe is an angle and altitude
measuring tool. The Astrolabe was first
used for astronomy and astrology. It
could have been invented by
Hipparchus(Greek astronomer and
mathematician). It was later used by
sailors. The first use at sea was
recorded to be in 1481. It was used on a
voyage down the African coast by
Portuguese explorers. So this tool
helped sailors measure the angle of the
sun which could then be converted to
find latitude. This tool was more
accurate at land then at sea.
Navigational tools continued…
A cannon (plural: cannon or cannons) is
any piece of artillery that uses
gunpowder or other usually explosive-
based propellants to launch a projectile,
which may or may not be explosive.
Cannon also transformed naval warfare
in the early modern period, as European
navies took advantage of their firepower.
As rifling became commonplace, the
accuracy and destructive power of
cannon was significantly increased, and
they became deadlier than ever, both to
infantry who belatedly had to adopt
Trade Winds
• The trade winds are
the prevailing pattern of
easterly surface winds found in
the tropics, within the lower
portion of the Earth's
atmosphere, in the lower section
of the troposphere near the
Earth's equator. Trade winds
have been used by captains
of sailing ships to cross the
world's oceans for centuries,
and enabled European
empire expansion into the
Americas and trade routes to
ANALYSIS of the Important
HISTORICAL INFORMATION
ANALYSIS of the Important HISTORICAL
INFORMATION continued…
At first encounter, they thought the people
of Ladrone islands:
• “They are poor, but ingenious, and great
thieves, and for the sake of that we called
these three islands the Ladrone Islands.”
• ○ Lived according to their own will for
they have no seignior.
○ Had no religion
○ Thought that there were no other
people in the world but themselves,
based on the signs which they have
made.
ANALYSIS of the Important HISTORICAL
INFORMATION continued…
March 16, 1521 (dawn of Saturday)
• the explorers arrived at Zamal (Samar Island)
Monday, the 18th of March
• “ after dinner, we saw a boat come towards us with nine men in it: upon which the
captain-general ordered that no one should move or speak without his
permission. When these people had come into this island towards us, immediately
the principal one amongst them went towards the captain-general with
demonstrations of being very joyous at our arrival.
• The captain seeing that these people were reasonable, ordered food and drink to
be given them, and he gave them some red caps, looking glasses, combs, bells,
ivory, and other things.
• When these people saw the politeness of the captain, they presented some fish,
and a vessel of palm wine, which they call in their language Uraca; figs more than
a foot long, and others smaller and of a better savour, and two cochos.”
ANALYSIS of the Important HISTORICAL
INFORMATION continued…
“To explain the kind of fruits above-named it must be known
that the one which they call cochi (coconut), is the fruit which
the palm trees bear. And as we have bread, wine, oil, and
vinegar, proceeding from different kinds, so these people have
those things proceeding from these palm trees only.”
ANALYSIS of the Important HISTORICAL INFORMATION
continued…
“These people became very familiar and friendly with
us, and explained many things to us in their language,
and told us the names of some islands which we saw
with our eyes before us. *The island where they dwelt
is called Zuluam, and it is not large.*”
“The island we were at was named Humunu
(Homonhon Island); nevertheless because we found
there two springs of very fresh water we named it the
Watering Place of good signs (Acquada da li buoni
Segnialli), and because we found here the first signs
of gold. ”
“Magellan named the islands, San Lazaro for it was
Sunday of St. Lazurus”
ANALYSIS of the Important HISTORICAL INFORMATION
continued…
March 22, 1521
• The natives (Filipinos) gave the remaining gifts they promised to
Magellan.
“Both young and old males pierce their penises with a gold or tin rod the size of a
goose quill. In both ends of the same bolt, some have what resembles a spur, with
points upon the ends; others are like the head of a cart nail. I very often asked
many, both young and old, to see their penis, because I could not credit it. In the
middle of the bolt is a hole, through which they urinate.
The bolt and the spurs always hold firm. They say that the women wish it so, and if
they did otherwise they would not have communication with them.
When a man wishes to have intercourse with a woman, she takes his penis not in
the normal way, but gently introduces first the top spur and then the bottom one
into her vagina. Once inside, the penis becomes erect and cannot be withdrawn
until it is limp.”
Pigafetta asserted that the women hated this mode of fornication, which lacerated
ANALYSIS of the Important HISTORICAL INFORMATION
continued…
Filipino Sexuality
The Tudruk or Tugbuk (Penis
Pin) and Sakra (Penis Ring) were objects used
by the early Cebuanos and other ethnic
groups to add spice and excitement to their
sexual lifestyle. Unfortunately, this practice of
putting tudruk and sakra on male penises
were prohibited when the Catholic Spanish
missionaries came to the island. One of the
missionaries had even conducted a tedious
individual penis inspection to get rid of these
things that they called “satanic and barbaric”.
The European missionaries were
dumbfounded when they found out that the
ANALYSIS of the Important HISTORICAL INFORMATION
continued…
Sacrifice of Swine
➢ They dance and call-out to the sun to
show their worship to it
➢ Would be started with the two very old
women, wearing kerchiefs to their heads
and holding one at their hands while
dancing on the spread Cambaia cloth
➢ ONLY OLD women were to do the
ceremony and will NOT eat the hog
unless done this way. The women are
called babaylanes or the priestesses of
prehispanic period.
ANALYSIS of the Important HISTORICAL INFORMATION
continued…
Death of Magellan (April 27, 1521)
There are many villages in Zubu:
1. Cinghapola - Chiefs: Cilaton, Ciguibucan,
Cimaningha, Cimaticat, and Cicanbuk
2. Mandaui - Apanoaan
3. Lalan - Theteu
4. Lalutan - Tapan
5. Cilumai
6. Libucun
They were decked in an island called Matan and
the chiefs were Zula and Cilapulapu* → refused to
obey the King of Spain , thus they attacked them
ANALYSIS of the Important HISTORICAL INFORMATION
continued…
Death of Magellan (April 27,
1521)
The islanders asked the
Spaniards not to attack during
the night as a trick to lure them
into their traps.
The Spaniards docked far from
the beach as it has shallow
waters.
Spaniards had 49 people while
the islanders had 1500* people
ANALYSIS of the Important HISTORICAL INFORMATION
continued…
Death of Magellan (April 27, 1521)
Magellan refused to retreat and
eventually gets his face lanced through
the face by an Indian.
A javelin pierced his right arm
A greatsword through his left leg put him
down and was later swarmed while his
men retreated to the ships.
The battle was fought on a saturday.
Eight from the ship’s men died (Magellan
included), and four from Islander’s
turned Christians which aided them.
The body of the captain was not
ANALYSIS of the Important HISTORICAL INFORMATION
continued…
Other information:
•After the death of Magellan,
Duarte Barbosa Takes the
Command. Later on, Juan Sebastián
del Cano replaced him as the
captain of Victoria and he was
responsible of completing the
voyage of Magellan in
circumnavigating the world and
reach back Spain in year 1522.
ANALYSIS of the Important HISTORICAL INFORMATION
continued…
Other information:
Treachery of Rajah Humabon
• After the death of Magellan at the Battle of
Mactan and the consequent failure of the Spanish
to defeat Lapu Lapu, Humabon and his warriors
plotted to poison the remaining Spanish soldiers in
Cebu during a feast. Several men were killed
including the then-leaders of the expedition,
Duarte Barbosa and João Serrão.
• According to the chronicler Pigafetta, Serrão,
begging to be saved from the Cebuano tribesmen,
allegedly referred to Enrique (Magellan's slave) as
having instigated the massacre by claiming to
Humabon that the Europeans planned to take over
CONTRIBUTION and RELEVANCE to
the Grand Narrative of the
PHILIPPINE HISTORY
CONTRIBUTION and RELEVANCE to the Grand Narrative of the
PHILIPPINE HISTORY continued…..
“The lord of these people was old, and had his face painted,
and had gold rings suspended to his ears, which they
named Schione, and the others had many bracelets and
rings of gold on their arms, with a wrapper of linen around
their head.”
• Proves that we have
a sense of royalty or
hierarchy
• We practice
craftsmanship with
jewelry
• Gives the idea of gold
mines on the island
Gold Religious Carvings
• Preceding Trade
between Native
Filipinos and other
Nationalities (e.g.
Chinese) before the
Spaniards came.
Relevance to the Modern World
continued…
• The Introduction of Catholic Faith
in the Philippines, though
successful within the area of
Visayas and Luzon, this acquired
new religion is more of a syncretic
religion where old was simply
fused with the new. This can be
seen through Filipinos today still
believe on the enkantos, dwende,
nuno sa punso, and going to the
“tambalan” or faith healers when
they are sick and not feeling well.
Relevance to the Modern World
continued…
• Hierarchal Society already existed in
the Islands, though branded by
Spaniards as backwards or primitive.
The smallest political unit today
(barangay) had its roots with the
past (balangai) even the socio-
political relations had its direct
connection. The barangay today is
very much like of the barangay of the
past wherein the socio, economic,
and political power resides in the
barangay kapitan/datu.
Relevance to the Modern World
continued…
• Initial attempt on conquering
the Islands using the “divide
et impera” (divide and
conquer) tactic used by the
Spaniards made a divisive
effect even until now specially
in the regionalistic loyalty of
the people and religious war
between Christians and
Muslims in the South.
Relevance to the Modern World
continued…
• Our country was thought to be
the main source of spices by the
westerners and even thought it
to be a good source of wealth in
the form of gold. Today, our
country still being sought by
many foreigners not only of the
goods (raw materials) but also
on the human resources (the
ofws) we offer to the world.
Relevance to the Modern World
continued…
• Established customs,
traditions and beliefs are
very much rooted to the
events that transpired from
the past. The religious
festivals of today served as
an example where the old
and the new traditions
merged.
References
Sources:
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history-after-1500/first-voyage-round-world-magellantranslated-accounts-pigafetta-and-other-contemporary-writers
http://libweb5.princeton.edu/visual_materials/maps/websites/pacific/magellan/magellan.html http://www.philippines.hvu.nl/culture5.htm
http://pinayforeverythingpinoy.blogspot.com/2012/03/this-day-in-history-ferdinand-magellan.html
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