Housing and Human

Settlement
Group 1:
Introduction to Housing
HOUSING
Buildings or Structures that individuals and their family may live in that
meet certain federal regulations. Different housing situations vary for
individuals and may depend on age, family, and geography.
Housing in the Philippines

Characterized by the emergence of a continuing demand for affordable

housing units in response to increasing population and household size,
both in urban and rural areas.

Housing Problems / Social issues

The Philippines is beset with a huge backlog in providing for land
security and housing for the poor. Two basic problems being faces by
the government in realizing a successful housing program are:
>Money
>Availability of Land
Other Issues hampering pro-poor land and
Housing Programs:
• High transaction costs due to the confusing and unclear land use
policies
• Non-cooperation of land owners to engage in the Community
Mortgage Program (CMP)
• Misinterpretation and/or non-implementation of local government
units (LGUs)
• Other problems pertaining to housing is the provision of land and
housing to internally displaces persons (IDPs) due to natural hazards
and armed conflicts.
Informal Housing
• The magnitude of the housing need (defines as backlog plus new
households) is staggering and has been estimated to reach more than 3.7
million in 2010. In Metro Manila alone, the total backlog (to include new
households) has been projected to reach close to 500,000 units.

Addressing this backlog will roughly require about 3,000 hectares of land if
designed to accommodate detached housing units, a prospect that suggests
the need for a higher density housing strategy if the housing deficit is to be
effectively addressed. Beyond the provision of housing by the public sector,
new approaches are needed especially since rural urban migration is
expected to continue and will exacerbate the housing problem
Homeless
In cities of industrial countries, the number of homeless people have
increased and their existence has become a social problem since the
1980’s. In cities of developing countries, the numbers of street
homeless who cannot live even in squatter areas have increased since
the end of the 1990s. These people face serious problems in surviving
on the streets. They are an urban minority deprived of human rights
and excluded from society.
Housing and the Government and its Delivery
Process/System
Government Agencies Concerned with
Housing
• Home Development Fund
• Housing and Urban Development Coordinating Council
• Housing Guaranty Corporation
• Government Service Insurance System
• National Housing Authority
Home Development Mutual Fund
• The Home Development Mutual Fund (HDMF), popularly known as
Pag-IBIG Fund (Pagtulungan sa Kinabukasan: Ikaw, Bangko, Industriya,
at Gobyerno), was created by virtue of Presidential Decree NO. 1530
on June 11, 1978.

• HDMF Mission : To generate more saving from more Filipino workers,

to administer a sustainable Fund with Integrity, sound financial
principles, and with social responsibility, and to provide accessible
funds for housing of every member.
Housing and Urban Development Coordinating
Council
• Housing and Urban Development Coordinating Council (HUDCC),
created thru executive order no. 90, is the highest policy making and
coordinating office on shelter. It is an umbrella organization which
consists of heads of four housing agencies such as:
• National Housing Authority (NHA)
• Home Guaranty Corporation (HGC)
• National Home Mortgage Finance Corporation (NHMFC)
• Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board (HLURB)
Housing Guaranty Corporation

• Processing of guaranty line application, interchangeably known as

guaranty facility, under RA no. 8763 involves the determination of the
eligibility of a financial institution for the guaranty and incentives
provided under the law.
• The guaranty line extended to the financial institution by the HGC, is a
facility whereby the Housing-Related loans and Financial transactions
may be enrolled for guaranty coverage.
Government Service Insurance System
• The Government Service Insurance System (Filipino: Paseguruhan ng
mga Naglilingkod sa Pamahalaan, GSIS) of the Republic of the
Philippines, created by commonwealth act no. 186 on November 14,
1936, is mandated to provide and administer the following social
security benefits for government employees:
Compulsory Life Insurance
Optional Life Insurance
Retirement Benefits
Disability Benefits for work related contingencies
Death Benefits
National Housing Authority
• The National Housing Authority (NHA), Established by virtue of
Presidential Decree No. 757 dated July 31, 1975, is a government-
owned and controlled corporation operating under the policy and
administrative supervision of the Housing and Urban Development
Coordinating Council (HUDCC). The NHA is mandated by Executive
Order no. 90 as the sole government agency to engage in shelter
production, focusing its efforts to provide to homeless, low-income
Filipino families.
Government Solutions for the Housing
Market
Regulation, Including Rent Control
• Government intervenes through regulation of land use and land
tenure. Private developers intending to develop raw lands for housing
must secure the necessary permits and clearances from the Housing
and Land Use Regulatory Board and the local governments
concerned. A bidding process determines the private developer that
would be allowed to develop government owned raw lands for
housing. Many local government units still have to issue their
respective local land use policies and regulation that will guide the
utilization of lands within their territorial responsibility. The absence
of a National Land Use Code has been a major reason for the
inconsistent land utilization policies at the local level.
Production of Housing Units
• The National Housing Authority and the Home Insurance and
Guarantee Corporation operate join venture programs with the
private sector. In general, private builders construct housing units
after posting performance bonds with insurance companies. They are
responsible for everything from procurement of materials and
supplies to construction of the housing units. Payment is made on
turn-key basis.
Resettlement Programs
• NHA- Administered Resettlement Program
This involves acquisition and development of large tracts of raw land to
generate service lots or core housing units for families displaced from sites
earmarked for government infrastructure projects and those occupying
danger areas such as waterways, esteros, and railroad tracks.

• Resettlement Assistance Program for Local Government Units

NHA assists in the development of resettlement sites by the LGUs under its
Resettlement Assistance Program for LGUs. This is implemented as joint
undertaking between the LGU and NHA. The LGUs primary contribution is
land while NHA provides funds to cover cost of land development.