Grammar Basics

Word Category
Sentence Structure
 Word Categories

 All languages have words, and words have different categories.

The most important ones are:

 Nouns: Names, people, objects, animals emotions, concepts.

 Verbs: Actions or states (verb to Be)
 Adjectives: Characteristics of an object or person or concept.
 Adverbs: Characteristics of an action or state.

Exercises: Give at least 3 examples of each category.

 Examples
noun verb noun
Patty drives Jeeps

noun verb adjective noun

Paul works in a big Workshop

noun verb noun adverb

Mary fixed engines quickly

noun verb article noun adverb

John puts the wheel carefully
Practice: Write the word category

 Mary bought a new car.

 Surprisingly, the Mercedes Benz crashed into the

Rolls Royce.

 The young student was looking at the teacher.

 The man is driving slowly and carefully.

 Sentence Structure

Toyota donated millions of dollars to the

university.

Who donated millions?

Toyota is the subject.

What did the millionaire do?

«Donated»… That is the action, so the predicate.
 Now, find the subject and predicate:

 Mary bought a new car.

 Surprisingly, the Mercedes Benz crashed into the Rolls Royce.

 The young student was looking at the teacher.

 The man is driving slowly and carefully.

Sometimes, the predicate is the verb to
be
 To Be (Ser o Estar)

I AM / AM NOT a mechanic

He / She / It IS / IS NOT a student

You/ We / They ARE / ARE NOT workers

Find the Subject and Predicate

 The mechanics are in the workshop.

 John and Mary are changing the oil.

 The mechanic is fixing the engine.

 Peter is washing the truck.