Academic year 2018-2019

Construction and merits , demerits of load bearing and framed structu

-Presented By-
1. Aditya Bahdaiye (16)
2. Kuldeep K. Chandak (17)
3. Vishwajeet Thakare (18)
4. Rohan N. Laycha (19)

Guided By

S. Chavan
1. Introduction
2. Examples
3. Difference between load baring and framed structure
4. Components
5. Load bearing structure
6. Construction of load bearing structure
7. Merite and demirits
8. Framed structure
9. Construction of framed structure
10. Merits and demirits
Any structure can be classified as load bearing or framed structure. Now a days load
bearing structure are almost absolute. and are explained as follows:-

1. Load Bearing Structure:-

• In Load bearing structure each wall is a structural member and the load of slab is carried by
walls and transferred to the foundation.
• So in such a type of structure the thickness of walls is provided more to spread the load or to
transfer it to the foundation.

2. Framed structure:-
• In this type of structure the walls are the structural members.
• They do not carry the load of slabs or any other member.
• A network of frame of beams and columns carries the load of slab. the walls are only partition
members.
the weight of the walls is carried by the wall below it.
• The weight of the slab is carried by beams and the weight of the beam is carried by columns
and the weight of the columns is carried by the footings or the foundation and then it is
transfer to the soil.
 FRAMED STRUCTURE
• In framed structure, load transfer path is from slab/floor to
beam, beam to column and column to footing.
 Multi storey buildings can be constructed.
 Framed structure is more resistant to Earthquake.
• Mostly used a form of construction.
• Excavation for this type of construction is less.
• It is less labour intensive.
• The speed of construction is more.
 It is less material intensive.
• Cost of repair of the framed structure is more.
• Life is reduced if not done with proper technique.
LOAD BEARING STRUCTURE
 In load bearing structure, load
transfer path is from slab/floor to
walls and walls to footing.
• Limited storey buildings can only be
constructed.
 Load bearing structure is less resistant
to Earthquake.
• Rarely used a form of construction
nowadays.
 Excavation for this type of construction
is more.
• It is more labour intensive.
 The speed of construction is less.
 It is more material intensive.
 Cost of repair of load bearing structure
is less.
• Life is not affected with the technique
of work.
1. Foundation.
2. Plinth 1. Foundation
3. Sill 2. Plinth
4. Window 3. Sill
5. Chajjas 4. Window
6. Lintel 5. Chajjas
7. Slab 6. Lintel
8. Parapet wall or other Floors 7. Columns
8. Beams
9. Slab
10. Parapet wall or other floors
•In load bearing structure, load transfer path is from slab/floor to walls and walls to
footing.
•Excavation for this type of construction is more.
•The speed of construction is less.
•Foundation cost of Load Bearing is more than Framed Structure if the depth of
foundation increases beyond 1.5 m.
•Limitations for openings in walls.
•In load bearing structural system external & internal walls serve as a structural
element as well as the purpose of the enclosure for protection from weather i.e. rain,
sound, heat, fire etc.
•In this type of structure the mechanism of transfer of load is as follows:-

Slab Walls foundation or footing Soil or hard

strata
• In this type of structure the digging for the foundation is called as :Trench it
is a small drain dug up to a sufficient depth .
• This trench can be constructed with the help of tools like the hoe, excavator
and crow bar etc.
• After the trench is dug the bed concrete is laid on the bottom of the trench
and is then given a plain finish with the help of rammer or masonry trowel.
• Then the suitable footing or the foundation is laid and the trench is filled with
the soil excavated during the excavation process and is then compacted with the
help of rammer other compacting tools etc.
• Then the following beams are laid on the planned position and the the
construction of the walls is being carried out with proper bonding and with
proper skills.
• This type of structure can be constructed in brick as well as stone masonry in
this type of structure no columns or beams are provided and the load of the slab
is carried by the walls.
• As the load is carried by the walls the thickness of the wall are kept more to
resists or to carry more load and then after the wall all the components are
constructed step by step.
The merits and demerits of load bearing structure are as follows:-

• The initial construction cost of such a type of structure is less.

• This type of structure doesn't require much skill labour.
• It can be constructed with the help of locally available construction materials.
• Due to the wide thickness of wall the load is spread over a large area.

• This type of structure require a more time as compare to framed structure.

• It can not be built in multy storage building.
• It can be only constructed in the non- earthquake zone.
• The height of such a structure is low.
•Excavation for this type of construction is less.

•The speed of construction is more.

•There is not much increase in cost with an increase in depth of foundation.

•Large openings in walls are possible.

•In framed structural system external & internal walls serve only the purpose of
enclosures for the creation of rooms and protection from the weather.

• In this type of structure the mechanism of transfer of load is as follows:-

Slabs Beams Columns Foundation(footing) Hard

Strata (Soil).
• The foundation dug for such a type of Structure is called as Piths. This are dug
for column.
• Then after the dunging process is done the planned foundation is being
constructed the piths are then being filled with material provided.
• Then after on filling the beams are being constructed and then walls are being
constructed and simultaneously the columns are being also constructed and a
frame of beam ,column and walls are constructed.
• Thus by constructing such a frame a great strength by such a constructing in
such a way.
• After the planned wall is constructed a beam is again constructed and then the
slab is being laid on it.
• As the load is not being not carried by the walls the thickness of the walls is
kept thinner and the thickness of the column and the beam is kept more in order
to resist the compressive and the tensile load coming on it.
• In this type of structure multy storage is possible.
The merits and demerits of framed structure is as follows:-

• This type of structure can be built in any height.

• The time of construction of such a structure is less.
• It is possible to built a multy storage building due to its strength.
• Due to the less thickness of wall it provides a more area.

• The initial construction of such a type of structure is more.

• It require more skill labours for construction.
• It is needed to give a more attention on such a type of structure while construction.
•
 Aspect Load bearing structure Framed structure

It can be constructed on any type

It is constructed on hard strata
Soil condition of soil. e.g. black cotton soil,
available at shallow depth.
reclaimed soil, soft soil.

Height is limited and it is suitable No restriction on height suitable

Height
for 2 to 3 stories. for multi started building.

Less floor area is available for use More floor is available for use
Floor space
because of a thick wall. because of thin wall
Slow and time-consuming
Time at construction Fast and speed construction.
construction.
Economical for the multi-storey
Economy Economical up to 2 storeys.
building.
Less flexible due to load bearing Flexible due to wall serving as a
Flexibility in planning
walls. partition.

Susceptible to vibration due to Can be designed to resist more

Earthquake resistances
machine and earthquake. earthquake vibrations.
 :-

 www.Google .com
 www.Slideshare.in
 www.Wikipedia.com
 Building construction textbook.
In this presentation we came to know about the basic knowledge of framed
and load bearing structure. And we also we came to know about the
construction of load bearing and framed structure.