Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Indoor MIMO WLAN Channel Models
Indoor MIMO WLAN Channel Models
Indoor MIMO WLAN Channel Models
11-03/161r0a
List of Participants
• Vinko Erceg (Zyray Wireless) • Hemanth Sampath (Marvell)
• Laurent Schumacher (Namur University) • H. Lou (Marvell)
• Persefoni Kyritsi (Aalborg University) • Pieter van Rooyen (Zyray Wireless)
• Daniel Baum (ETH University) • Pieter Roux (Zyray Wireless)
• Andreas Molisch (Mitsubishi Electric) • Majid Malek (HP)
• Alexei Gorokhov (Philips Research) • Timothy Wakeley (HP)
• Srinath Hosur (Texas Instruments) • Dongjun Lee (Samsung)
• Srikanth Gummadi (Texas Instruments) • Tomer Bentzion (Metalink)
• Eilts Henry (Texas Instruments) • Nir Tal (Metalink)
• Eric Jacobsen (Intel) • Amir Leshem (Metalink, Bar IIan University)
• Sumeet Sandhu (Intel) • Guy Shochet (Metalink)
• David Cheung (Intel) • Patric Kelly (Bandspeed)
• Qinghua Li (Intel) • Vafa Ghazi (Cadence)
• Clifford Prettie (Intel) • Mehul Mehta - Mickey (Synad Technologies)
• Heejung Yu (ETRI) • Bobby Jose (Mabuhay Networks)
• Yeong-Chang Maa (InProComm) • Charles Farlow (California Amplifier)
• Richard van Nee (Airgo) • Claude Oestges (Louvain University)
• Jonas Medbo (Erricsson) • Robert W. Heath (University of Texas at
• Eldad Perahia (Cisco Systems) Austin)
• Helmut Boelcskei (ETH Univ.)
Cluster 1
25
20 Cluster 2
Relative dB
dB 15
Cluster 3
10
0
-50 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Delay in Nanoseconds
R1 Cluster 2
R2
LOS
Tx Antennas
Rx Antennas
R3
Cluster 3
Modeling Approach
• Only time domain information from A-E SISO models can
be determined (delay of each delay within each cluster and
corresponding power using extrapolation methods).
• In addition, for the MIMO clustering approach the
following parameters have to be determined:
Cluster AS
• We use the following findings to determine cluster AS:
• In [3] the mean cluster AS values were found to be 21o and 25o for two
buildings measured. In [4] the mean AS value was found to be 37o. To be
consistent with these findings, we select the mean cluster AS values for
models A-E in the 20o to 40o range.
• For outdoor environments, it was found that the cluster rms delay spread (DS)
is highly correlated (0.7 correlation coefficient) with the AS [9]. It was also
found that the cluster rms delay spread and AS can be modeled as correlated
log-normal random variables. We apply this finding to our modeling approach.
AS 0.57 DS 3.65
• Cluster AS variation within each model was determined using 0.7 correlation
with cluster DS and assuming log-normal distributions.
N
a0 bi (a 0 li D)
i 1
N
2
s tot i 0 i
b (a l D ) 2 s 2 a 2
a ,i 0
i 1
where li is a zero-mean, unit-variance Laplacian random variable, bi is a
scaling parameter related to the power roll-off coefficient of the cluster, D is a
parameter that is determined using numerical global search method to satisfy
the required AS and mean AoA of each cluster; ao is the mean cluster AoA;
s2tot is cluster AS, and s2a,i is tap AS.
Tap
1
Tap
2
Tap
3 Tap
4
Tap
5
Composite AS
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
AS = 19.7471 [°]
- - - - - - -
Power
Cluster 2 6.675 9.572 12.17 14.77 17.43 21.99 25.58
[dB]
6 9 54 79 58 28 07
Mean AoA = AoA 315.8 2.676 273.5 347.9 323.2 328.8
315.8
320.5062° [°] 042 4 867 928 924 476
Composite
AS
AS = 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
[°]
21.8956°
Mean AoD = AoD 68.67 27.43 47.14 15.64 50.40 39.56 52.11
50.3512° [°] 51 82 56 74 85 65 88
Composite AS
5 5 5 5 5 5 5
AS = 20.4451 [°]
- - -
Power
Cluster 3 18.84 23.23 25.24 -26.7
[dB]
33 81 63
Mean AoA = AoA 239.5 238.1 251.7 322.5
248.58° [°] 305 292 416 986
Composite
AS
AS = 5 5 5 5
[°]
24.6891°
Mean AoD = AoD 249.4 264.9 318.4 303.1
266.6654° [°] 722 037 249 991
Composite AS
5 5 5 5
AS = 25.8612 [°]
Next Steps
• So far we have completely defined PAS of each tap (AS and
Laplacian AoA distribution) and AoA of each tap. These
parameters were determined so that the cluster AS and mean
cluster AoA requirements are met (experimentally
determined published results).
• Next, we show how we use tap AoA and AS information to
calculate per tap transmit and receive antenna correlation
matrices and from that finally the MIMO channel matrices
H.
where Xij (i-th receiving and j-th transmitting antenna) are correlated zero-
mean, unit variance, complex Gaussian random variables as coefficients of the
Rayleigh matrix HV, exp(jfij) are the elements of the fixed matrix HF, K is the
Ricean K-factor, and P is the power of each tap.
To correlate the Xij elements of the matrix X, the following method can be used
RXX ( D) jRXY ( D)
p
R XX ( D) cos( D sin f ) PAS (f )df
p
p
R XY ( D) sin( D sin f ) PAS (f )df
p
• where D = 2pd/l (for linear antenna array) and RXX and RXY are the cross-correlation
functions between the real parts (equal to the cross-correlation function between the
imaginary parts) and between the real part and imaginary part, respectively.
• Use power, AS, AoA and AoD tap parameters from tables
A-D.
• Per tap, calculate transmit and receive correlation matrices.
• Using correlation matrices and Hiid generate instantiations
of channel matrices H, as many as required by simulation.
Conclusion
References
[1] J. Medbo and P. Schramm, “Channel models for HIPERLAN/2,” ETSI/BRAN document no. 3ERI085B.
[2] A.A.M. Saleh and R.A. Valenzuela, “A statistical model for indoor multipath propagation,” IEEE J. Select. Areas
Commun., vol. 5, 1987, pp. 128-137.
[3] Q.H. Spencer, et. al., “Modeling the statistical time and angle of arrival characteristics of an indoor environment,”
IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun., vol. 18, no. 3, March 2000, pp. 347-360.
[4] R.J-M. Cramer, R.A. Scholtz, and M.Z. Win, “Evaluation of an ultra-wide-band propagation channel,” IEEE Trans.
Antennas Propagat., vol. 50, no.5, May 2002, pp. 561-570.
[5] A.S.Y. Poon and M. Ho, “Indoor multiple-antenna channel characterization from 2 to 8 GHz,” submitted to ICC 2003
Conference.
[6] G. German, Q. Spencer, L. Swindlehurst, and R. Valenzuela, “Wireless indoor channel modeling: Statistical agreement
of ray tracing simulations and channel sounding measurements,” in proc. IEEE Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Proc.
Conf., vol. 4, 2001, pp. 2501-2504.
[7] J-G. Wang, A.S. Mohan, and T.A. Aubrey,” Angles-of-arrival of multipath signals in indoor environments,” in proc.
IEEE Veh. Technol. Conf., 1996, pp. 155-159.
[8] Chia-Chin Chong, David I. Laurenson and Stephen McLaughlin, “Statistical Characterization of the 5.2 GHz
Wideband Directional Indoor Propagation Channels with Clustering and Correlation Properties,” in proc. IEEE Veh.
Technol. Conf., vol. 1, Sept. 2002, pp. 629-633.
[9] K.I. Pedersen, P.E. Mogensen, and B.H. Fleury, “A stochastic model of the temporal and azimuthal dispersion seen at
the base station in outdoor propagation environments,” IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol. 49, no. 2, March 2000, pp.
437-447.
[10] L. Schumacher, Namur University, Belgium, (laurent.schumacher@ieee.org).