Introduction

Plastic to sand
 Introduction
• One of the major issues we face today is the excess use of plastics. Since it is
non biodegradable it will not decay in time.
• It leads to imbalance of the ecology and many other related issues.
• When we burn plastics, it results in formation of CFC’s which is more harmful.
• Due to growth of population and of consequent construction there is a huge
demand of sand.
• It is illegal to dredge sand from river beds.This is harmful for us this results in
the lowering of water level.
• This hence results in unavailability of sand which is vital for construction
purposes.
• Our project is done as a solution for several plastic related issues as well as to
solve the crisis in availability of sand.
• Now rock powder and other artificial substances are used instead of sand for
construction.
• This process is costless and ecofriendly.
•Sand which we produce posess several advantages over the natural sand.
 Introduction
Effects of plastics

•when plastic is dumped in landfills, it interacts with

water and form hazardous chemicals.
•when these chemicals seep underground,they degrade
the water quality.
•plastic pollution in the ocean is an ongoing global crisis.
•the toxins that are components of plastic include
lead,cadmium and mercury.
•consuming the fish that contains these toxins can cause
an increase in cancer, emmine disorders and birth effects.
 Introduction to plastic to sand
Introduction
•the population of the country is increasing rapidly.
•one of the major issues we face today is the excess used of plastic
and its dumping.
•plastic is non biodegradable, it will not only decay with passage of
time, hence leading to an imbalance of the ecology.
•increasing population needs to construct this living.
•sand which is dredged from rivers is used for construction.
•due to the environmental problems, it is illegal now.It causes
shortage of sand.
•while thinking of both issues, we got an idea to convert it, the
plastic into usable sand
•plastic sand which is the final product of the conversion of a
plastic polymer.
•the product has less weight with more strength than the ordinary
sand.
 Objectives
Introduction

•To minimize the use of plastics.

•Recycle it in usable way.
•To create awareness about the harms caused.
•To prevent the imbalanve of nature,to minimize
dredging of sand from river.
•To prevent health disorder.
 Procedures for plastic sand
Introduction
Crushing
•this was the initial and first stage.
•crushing is breaking up of plastic into small pieces.
•plastic bottles and disposal glasses were being collected and then turn into tiny
pieces.
High pressure heating
•second stage is heating the crushed particles in high pressure upto more than
400 degree C in a pressure cooker.
•the small piece of the plastic was put inside the cooker and heated
continuously in high flame.
•a blackish solution which could be used as tar.
•during this stage, the elasticity of the plastic being lost.
•we get the crystallized plastic block, we can cool it.
Atmospheric pressure cooling
•cooling the obtained above solution is the third process,
•while cooling, the pressure of the solution will be equal to the atmospheric
pressure.
 Introduction

•the plastic block which is obtained could be used by mixing cement and water
to get different shapes.
•at this state , we get the property of sand from the plastic.
Grinding
•the last step of the process is grinding the above obtained blocks into fine sand
particles as that of the original natural sand.
Filtering
•the final process to get our own new product, the plastic sand.
•grinding the small and large granules.
•after filtering, we could us it for making kinds of products like cement block,
roofing material, concrete, plastering, interlock etc.
Introduction
Introduction
 Observation
Introduction

•our experiment was conducted in a closed system in

order to avoid environmental pollution.
•during the second stage, we observed the plastic was
converted into a black was removed.
•tar is used for road constructions.
•at high temperature it melts to become plastic melted
tar.
•the third stage is cooling. While cooling, it forms
crystalline structure which shows properties of sand.
 Hypothesis
Introduction

•plastic particles can hold together and hence it is

mixed with cement.
•so it is stronger than the ordinary sand due to its
particle attracting property.
•plastic sand gets the crystalline property of
ordinary sand. Hence it could be used in many
purposes in construction field.
 Analysis
Introduction

•when high temperature is provided, small plastic pieces

convert into tar.
•since it shows a feature to hold particles together, it apt
for the construction works.
•the second stage is cooling. After this stage , it loses its
elasticity.
•after the third stage it shows crystalline property.
•we can understand that could be further converted into
sand like substance, ie fine particles.
•so we can apply different applications.
 ProductsIntroduction
and applications
Tar
•first product obtained.
•crushed pieces of plastic when heated in an enclosed container
with high temperature we get tar.
•this could be used in construction.
Cement block
•block prepared by adding 4/7 chips , 2/7 sand 1/7 cement is
mixed with water and this mixture will be shifted to mould.
•2 or 3 layers coat is given with cement for furnishing.
•the block is low weight and durable.
Interlock
•by mixing 4/7 chips , 2/7 sand 1/7 cement is mixed with water
and shifting to a mould for interlock.
•we could make at low cost with more advantages.
 Introduction

Ceiling material
•mixing 4/7 chips , 2/7 sand 1/7 cement is mixed with water and
cement we will get filled into the mould, with beautiful designs we
get the ceiling material.
Concrete
•normal metal 2/4 chips, 1/4 sand,1/4 cement with water and for
more rigidity steel is used to get the concrete mixture.
•when mixed in proper proportions we get the concrete.
 Advantages
Introduction
Tar
•no other chemicals are added.
•less heat is evolved.
•no irritating smell is evolved.
•it is not sticky enough.
•does not cause any harm or disease.
Plastic sand
•stronger.
•more fine particles.
•light weight.
•easy available.
•low cost.
•avoid pollution due illegal occupancy of soil from river.
•less inter space between the sand particles.
•no legal issues.
•could be converted into any size.
•absence of minerals.
•more durable.
 Introduction

Cement block
•have great strength.
•easy to obtain.
•resist crack in buildings.
•available in low cost.
Interlock
•costless.
•more strength.
•easy available.
•weightless.
 Conclusion
Introduction
•From this, we get a solution for excess usage of plastic and its
disturbances.
•also it solves the problem faced in the availability of sand in
construction works.
•dredging of sand leads in the imbalance of the ecology.
•by plastic sand many other useful products ie cement block,
ceiling material, concrete and along with it we got tar which would
be used in construction works.
•our products have many advantages over the natural sand.
•it is weightless and have more strength which is highlighting
property.
•It is a solution for various problems we face today, which could be
used in construction industries with affordable rate and more
strength with less weight.
 Introduction
Thank You…

•Sunoj •Nabeel

•Hisana •Arafa

S5 CE