ENGLISH FOR

ACADEMIC AND
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PROFESSIONAL
PURPOSES
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LEARNING COMPETENCY:

 Uses various techniques in summarizing a variety

of academic texts. (CS_EN11/12A – Ia – c – 5)
 Summarizes the content of an academic text.
(CS_EN11/12A-Ia-c-9)
 Writes a precis / abstract / summary of texts in
the various disciplines. (CS_EN11/12A-Ia-c-10)
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QUICK REVIEW:

 What is an outline?
 What is the importance of outlining
in academic writing?
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ACTIVITY

Watch the short video

clip. Retell the story
afterwards.
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ANALYSIS
 How were you able to
retell the story?
 Are there any techniques
that you have used in
retelling the story?
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ABSTRACTION

SUMMARY
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SUMMARY
a short statement or statements that give
only the main points or core information
of something excluding redundant
information. Basically, it reproduces main
points of a speech, article, section,
chapter or book. It does not strive for the
style and tone of the original.
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SUMMARIZATION
a skill and requires proper
guidance, constant
practice, special efforts and
proper training
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ESSENTIAL STEPS
TO
SUMMARIZATION
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ESSENTIAL STEPS TO
SUMMARIZATION
1. Use perfect reading skills.
In the process of summarization, it helps to
segregate following aspects of reading material.
 Facts and opinion
 Examples, figures, tables, anecdotes
 Main ideas and supporting ideas
 Most important and redundant or less important
points
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ESSENTIAL STEPS TO
SUMMARIZATION
2. Underline or note-down major idea.
An important stage in the process of
summarization is to note-down or
underline major ideas during the reading
stage. The notes taken or underlined
segment will become the base of a
summary.
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ESSENTIAL STEPS TO
SUMMARIZATION
3. Check for appropriation.
After collecting major points,
summary writer is directed to check
for appropriateness of ideas to be
reproduced in the summary.
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ESSENTIAL STEPS TO
SUMMARIZATION
4. Prepare the first draft.
In this stage, try to frame simple, self-
dependent, short sentences and club points
to develop logical link. This draft must be
complete, candid and include maximum
points.
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ESSENTIAL STEPS TO
SUMMARIZATION
5. Tailor and limit your
summary.
During this stage, it is recommended
to check for complete package and logical
arrangement.
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SOME HELPFUL
TIPS IN
SUMMARIZING
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SOME HELPFUL TIPS IN
SUMMARIZING
1. Read the text you are about
to summarize over and over
again.
Doing so might help you understand
the text better.
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SOME HELPFUL TIPS IN
SUMMARIZING
2. Identify the main idea of
the text you are planning to
summarize.
This will help in easily identifying the
important details in the text.
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SOME HELPFUL TIPS IN
SUMMARIZING
3. Put your feet into your
reader’s shoes.
Ask yourself, ‘Will my reader’s
understand the text better and easier based
on my summary?’
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SOME HELPFUL TIPS IN
SUMMARIZING
4. Ensure a smooth flow of
ideas.
To achieve this, one must be
knowledgeable of the various transitional
devices.
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SOME HELPFUL TIPS IN
SUMMARIZING

5. Limit your summary to a

few sentences.
remember, a summary only provides
the core information of a text.
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SOME HELPFUL TIPS IN
SUMMARIZING

6. Do not forget to proofread

your work.
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SUMMARIZATION
TECHNIQUES
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1. SELECTION
It is essential to select major
idea, key words and phrases,
special terms and interpretations
presented in the original
resource.
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2. REJECTION
It is a process of removing
unnecessary data. As cited earlier,
try to reject repetitions, examples,
illustrations, anecdotes, redundant
expressions, tables and statistical
data.
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3. SUBSTITUTION
Basically, it includes synthesis. It is
a mode of combining several
sentences into one sentence. It is
recommended to use sentence
substitutions, short sentences to
replace lengthy sentences.
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LET’S PRACTICE
 A
z tornado is a powerful, twisting
windstorm. It begins high in the air,
among the winds of a giant storm cloud.
People who have watched a tornado’s
howling winds reach from the sky have
said it’s the most frightening thing they
have ever seen. In some parts of the
United States, these windstorms are
called twisters or cyclones.
 Tiger sharks are named for the dark, vertical stripes found
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mainly on juveniles. As these sharks mature, the lines begin to
fade and almost disappear. These large, blunt-nosed predators
have a duly earned reputation as man-eaters. They are second
only to great whites in attacking people. But because they have a
near completely undiscerning palate, they are not likely to swim
away after biting a human, as great whites frequently do.
They are consummate scavengers, with excellent senses of
sight and smell and a nearly limitless menu of diet items. They
have sharp, highly serrated teeth and powerful jaws that allow
them to crack the shells of sea turtles and clams. The stomach
contents of captured tiger sharks have included stingrays, sea
snakes, seals, birds, squids, and even license plates and old tires.