introduction The Effect of the Surface Area of the

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Bubble to its rise velocity

 NUMBER NUMBER NUMBER
1 2 3
introduction

objectives
procedure

Study the Apply the Relate the

results

motion of air concept of surface area

bubbles rising buoyancy in of the bubble
in a fluid examining the to its rise
motion of air velocity
bubble
 BACKGROUND OF THE
STUDY
o A bubble is a small mass of gas in
a larger quantity of another fluid
– either gas or liquid.

introduction
objectives
procedure
results

o There are many types of motion

possible due to these
characteristics: viscous forces, the
internal pressure forces and the
interfacial forces
o The major physical concepts:
surface tension, buoyant force
and drag force
 BACKGROUND OF THE
STUDY
o Buoyant force refers to the
upward force exerted by a fluid
that opposes the weight of an

introduction
immersed object.

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results

o The volume of the air bubble

determines the magnitude of the
buoyant force, and thus, the rate
at which the bubble rises
o Drag force is the frictional
resistance offered by the
surrounding fluid that acts
against the direction of the
motion of the rising bubble.
 BACKGROUND OF THE
STUDY
o Surface tension also dictates the
motion of a rising bubble
o This parameter affects the shape

introduction
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procedure

of the bubble, which in turn

results

affects its rising motion in

general.
o Bubbles with significantly small
radii relative to the tube radius is
more stable
o The relationship between the two
target variables: can be
determined more easily without
the interference of the
unnecessary forces
 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE
STUDY
o In the field of medicine, the
presence of bubbles are used in
ultrasound imaging to improve

introduction
the produced images

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results

o The concept of bubbles as a mass

of gas contained in an interface is
applicable to several physical
concepts such as flight or space
mechanics.
o In chemistry, bubbles are involved
in complex processes as an
indication of occurring chemical
reactions.
 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE
STUDY
o In biology presence of bubbles in
the water surface indicates the
existence of living organisms

introduction
beneath it

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results

o Hydraulics is a major concept for

many machines, commonly for
vehicles, which are seen in the
daily lives of people.

o Better foundation of knowledge for

deeper and more complex theories
to be used in technological
advancements
 SCOPES AND LIMITATIONS
o The main focus of the study is to
observe the produced bubbles’
diameter and relate these

introduction
diameters to their velocity as they

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procedure

rise in a fluid.
results

o Cooking oil was used instead of

water for better observation of the
bubbles.
o Limitations:
o The consistency in the sizes of
bubbles that were produced.
o The pressure applied on the plunger
of the syringe was manually done
 SCOPES AND LIMITATIONS
o Addition of more gas molecules
into a container, increases the
number of collisions inside a

introduction
system

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o The air pressure increases hence,

affecting the rise velocity of the
bubble.

o The bubbles followed a slightly

sideways path instead of a straight
vertical path at random occasions.
 The syringe was attached to
the rubber stopper by
puncturing it at its center
results
The test tube was filled with
fluid to about three-fourths
of the tube
The test tube was sealed
with the stopper syringe
system. The plunger of the
syringe was pulled back.
The system was inverted to
allow the syringe to point
upwards. The entire set-up was
introduction
fixed onto a wall. A ruler was
objectives
procedure
taped beside the set-up
To make bubbles, the plunger
of the syringe was pushed
slowly. Ensure that the
bubbles were clearly seen in
the video.
By using the tracker
application and video, the
velocity of the bubble as it
rises in the fluid was
determined
 results

procedure
introduction
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 Distance versus Time of the Bubble with Surface Area at
0.05 cm2
4.50E-02

4.00E-02

3.50E-02

introduction
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3.00E-02

results
2.50E-02

2.00E-02

1.50E-02

1.00E-02

5.00E-03

0.00E+00
2.40E+02 2.45E+02 2.50E+02 2.55E+02 2.60E+02 2.65E+02 2.70E+02

SURFACE AREA: 0.05 CM2

 Distance versus Time of the Bubble with Surface Area at
0.19 cm2
4.50E-02

4.00E-02

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3.50E-02

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3.00E-02

results
2.50E-02

2.00E-02

1.50E-02

1.00E-02

5.00E-03

0.00E+00
2.54E+02 2.55E+02 2.56E+02 2.57E+02 2.58E+02 2.59E+02 2.60E+02

SURFACE AREA: 0.19 CM2

 Distance versus Time of the Bubble with Surface Area at
0.53 cm2
4.00E-02

3.50E-02

3.00E-02

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2.50E-02

results
2.00E-02

1.50E-02

1.00E-02

5.00E-03

0.00E+00
2.04E+02 2.04E+02 2.05E+02 2.05E+02 2.06E+02 2.06E+02 2.07E+02

SURFACE AREA: 0.19 CM2

 Relationship of the Surface Area and Velocity of the
Bubbles
2.50E-02

2.00E-02

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1.50E-02

results
1.00E-02

5.00E-03

0.00E+00
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6

RELATIONSHIP OF THE SURFACE

AREA AND VELCOITY
 CONCLUSION

o The relationship of the bubble’s

surface area is directly proportional
to its rise velocity

introduction
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o Larger bubbles are affected by the

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surface tension although negligible
while smaller bubbles are greatly
affected by the surface tension,
causing the formation of a spherical
shape.
o The drag force experienced by a
bubble decreases its velocity
 RECOMMENDATIONS
o Utilize an acrylic tube with
graduations in order to clearly
observe the sizes of the bubbles.

introduction
o Employ a set-up wherein it produces

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results
a single bubble at a time

o Use different types of fluids that vary

in viscosity

o Observe the relationship of the

vertical and horizontal displacement
of a bubble
o Conduct more trials