RELATIVE

EQUILIBRIUM
OF
LIQUIDS
Horizon
tal
Motion
For any value of a, the angle θ can be found by
considering a fluid particle of mass m on the
surface. The forces acting on the particle are the
weight W = mg, inertia force or reverse effective
force REF = ma, and the normal force N which is the
perpendicular reaction at the surface.
Component Method:
 ∑FX = 0;   ∑F = 0;
y

Nsin = ma Ncos = mg
N= (Eq.1)
N= (Eq.2)

Equate Eq.1 and Eq.2,

=
Force Polygon Method:

  =
Inclined
Motion
Consider a mass of fluid being accelerated up an inclined
α from horizontal. The forces acting on the particle are
the weight W = mg, inertia force or reverse effective
force REF = ma, and the normal force N which is the
perpendicular reaction at the surface.
A 120-cm-long tank contains 80 cm of water and
20 cm of air maintained at 60 kPa above the
water. The 60-cm-wide tank is accelerated at
10 m/s². After equilibrium is established, find
the force acting on the bottom of the tank.
Solution:

Equate the area of the air before and after to find either x or y:
The pressure will remain unchanged in the air above the water
since the air volume does not change. The pressures at A and B are
then,

The average pressure on the bottom is (PA + PB)/2. Multiply the

average pressure by the area to find the force acting on the
bottom:
 
A vessel containing oil is accelerated on a
plane incline with the horizontal at 12 m/s
Determine the inclination of the surface when
the motion is a upwards, and b downwards
An open rectangular tank 3m long and 2m wide
is filled with water to a depth of 1.5m. Find the
slope of the water surface when the tank moves
is with an acceleration of 5m/s^2 up to 30*
incline plane. Also find the height of the water
at both ends.
THE END.