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Introduction To Radicals
Introduction To Radicals
Symbol
Example 9 3 9 3 9 3
Radical Expressions
Finding a root of a number is the inverse operation of raising
a number to a power.
radical sign
index
n radicand
a
5xy
What does the following symbol represent?
The symbol represents the negative root of
a number.
16 =4
25 =5
100 = 10
144 = 12
Simplifying Radicals
Simplifying Radical
Expressions
Product Property for Radicals
ab a b
36 4 9
36 4 9 100 4 25
6 23 10 2 5
Simplifying Radical Expressions
Product Property for Radicals
50 25 2 5 2
• A radical has been simplified when its radicand
contains no perfect square factors.
• Test to see if it can be divided by 4, then 9, then
25, then 49, etc.
• Sometimes factoring the radicand using the
“tree” is helpful.
x x
14 7
Perfect Square Factor * Other Factor
8 = 4*2 = 2 2
LEAVE IN RADICAL FORM
= 4*5 = 2 5
20
32 = 16 * 2 = 4 2
75 = 25 * 3 = 5 3
40 = 4 *10 = 2 10
Perfect Square Factor * Other Factor
48 = 16 * 3 = 4 3
LEAVE IN RADICAL FORM
80 = 16 * 5 = 4 5
50 = 25 * 2 = 5 2
125 = 25 * 5 = 5 5
450 = 225 * 2 = 15 2
Steps to Simplify Radicals:
1. Try to divide the radicand into a perfect
square for numbers
2. If there is an exponent make it even by
using rules of exponents
3. Separate the factors to its own square
root
4. Simplify
12
Simplify: x
x 6 2
6
x
Square root of a variable to an
even power = the variable to
one-half the power.
88
Simplify: y
44
y
x x
12
6
x x
7
Simplify: 50 y
25 y 2 y
6
3
5y 2y
Simplify 72
1. 2 18.
2. 3 8
.
3. 6 2
.
4. 36 2
.
36
Simplify 9x
1. 3x6
2. 3x18
3. 9x6
4. 9x 18
+
To combine radicals: combine
the coefficients of like radicals
Simplify each expression
6 7 5 7 3 7 8 7
5 6 3 7 4 7 2 6 3 6 7 7
Simplify each expression: Simplify each radical first and
then combine.
2 50 3 32 2 25 * 2 3 16 * 2
2 *5 2 3* 4 2
10 2 12 2
2 2
Simplify each expression: Simplify each radical first and
then combine.
3 27 5 48 3 9 * 3 5 16 * 3
3*3 3 5* 4 3
9 3 20 3
29 3
Perfect Square Factor * Other Factor
18 = =
LEAVE IN RADICAL FORM
288 = =
75 = =
24 = =
72 = =
Simplify each expression
6 5 5 6 3 6
3 24 7 54
2 8 7 32
Simplify each expression
6 5 5 20
18 7 32
2 28 7 6 63
Homework radicals 1
5 * 35 175 25 * 7 5 7
2 8 * 3 7 6 56 6 4 *14
6 * 2 14 12 14
2 5 * 4 20 8 100 8 *10 80
5
2
5* 5 25 5
7 2
7* 7 49 7
8 2
8* 8 64 8
x 2
x* x x
2 x
To divide radicals:
divide the
coefficients, divide
the radicands if
possible, and
rationalize the
denominator so that
no radical remains in
the denominator
56
8 4*2 2 2
7
This cannot be
divided which leaves 6 6 7
the radical in the *
denominator. We do 7 7 7
not leave radicals in
the denominator. So
42 42
we need to
rationalize by 49 7
multiplying the
fraction by something
so we can eliminate
the radical in the 42 cannot be
denominator. simplified, so we are
finished.
This can be divided 5 1 2
which leaves the *
radical in the 10 2 2
denominator. We do
not leave radicals in
the denominator. So
we need to 2
rationalize by 2
multiplying the
fraction by something
so we can eliminate
the radical in the
denominator.
This cannot be 3 3 3
divided which leaves *
the radical in the 12 12 3
denominator. We do
not leave radicals in
the denominator. So
3 3
we need to
rationalize by 36
multiplying the
fraction by something
so we can eliminate
the radical in the
3 3 3
denominator.
Reduce
the
6 2
fraction.
2
X =X
Y 6 = Y3
4 6 2
P X Y = P2X3Y
4X Y 4 2
= 2X2Y
8 10 = 5C4D5
25C D
X 3 = X 2
*X
=
X X
5
Y = Y 4
Y
= 2
Y Y
Classwork:
Packet in Yellow Folder under the desk
--- 2nd page
Homework: