MOTHERBOARD

COMPONENTS

By:- ARYAN PANCHAL

Roll no:- 1881026
 Parts of Motherboard:-
What is Motherboard? Motherboard is a PCB
(Printed Circuit Board) with different hardware
components on it.

•It’s the electric conductor of the computer,

responsible of distributing current and
communication on each hardware
components and chipset (CPU, RAM & etc.).

•Motherboard is also often called as Planar

board, MOBO, MB, Mainboard, System
Board, Logic Board, Base Board and
Backplane Board.
BASIC COMPONENTS OF MOTHERBOARD

• CPU Socket I/O ( Input Output)

• North Bridge
PCI express x16
• South Bridge
PCI
• RAM/Memory Slot x2
SATA Connector
• 24 pin ATX Power Connectorr
CMOS Backup Battery
CPU SOCKET
In computer hardware, a CPU socket or CPU slot
comprises one or more mechanical components providing
mechanical and electrical connections between a
microprocessor and a printed circuit board (PCB).

This allows for placing and replacing the central

processing unit (CPU) without soldering.

Common sockets have retention clips that apply a

constant force, which must be overcome when a device is
inserted.For chips with a large number of pins, zero
insertion force (ZIF) sockets are preferred.
NORTHBRIDGE
A northbridge or host bridge is one of the two chips in the core
logic chipset architecture on a PC motherboard, the other being
the southbridge.

Unlike the southbridge, northbridge is connected directly to the

CPU via the front-side bus (FSB) and is thus responsible for tasks
that require the highest performance.

The northbridge is usually paired with a southbridge, also known

as I/O controller hub.

In systems where they are included, these two chips manage

communications between the CPU and other parts of the
motherboard, and constitute the core logic chipset of the PC
motherboard.
SOUTHBRIDGE
The southbridge is one of the two chips in the core logic chipset
on a personal computer (PC) motherboard, the other being the
northbridge.

The southbridge typically implements the slower capabilities of

the motherboard in a northbridge/southbridge chipset
computer architecture.

In systems with Intel chipsets, the southbridge is named I/O

Controller Hub (ICH), while AMD has named its southbridge
Fusion Controller Hub (FCH) since the introduction of its Fusion
AMD Accelerated Processing Unit (APU).
Serial AT Attachment(SATA)

Serial ATA (SATA, abbreviated from Serial AT

Attachment)[2] is a computer bus interface that
connects host bus adapters to mass storage devices
such as hard disk drives,optical drives, and solid-
state drives.

Serial ATA succeeded the older Parallel ATA (PATA)

standard,offering several advantages over the
older interface: reduced cable size and cost (seven
conductors instead of 40 or 80),native hot
swapping, faster data transfer through higher
signaling rates, and more efficient transfer through
an (optional) I/O queuing protocol.
MEMORY SLOT
A memory slot, memory socket, or RAM slot is
what allows computer memory (RAM) to be
inserted into the computer.

Depending on the motherboard, there may be

two to four memory slots (sometimes more on
high-end motherboards) and are what determine
the type of RAM used with the computer.

The most common types of RAM are SDRAM and

DDR for desktop computers and SODIMM for
laptop computers, each having various types and
speeds.
Advanced Technology xTended

ATX (Advanced Technology xTended) is a

specification for motherboards created by Intel in
1995. It has replaced the AT standard and it is now
incorporated into a wide variety of computer
systems as the default motherboard layout.

Although ATX is still very popular today, the

microATX, FlexATX, and mini-ITX motherboard
specifications have replaced it.

The microATX, FlexATX, and mini-ITX are based on

the same layout structure, but are much smaller
and include more ports for expansions.