ECONOMICAL DESIGN OF AN EXTRA DOSED

BRIDGE ON A HIGHWAY USING CSI BRIDGE

SOFTWARE
MASTERS OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING WITH SPECIALIZATION IN OFFSHORE STRUCTURE S 2017-
2019
BY
BISHAL AGARWAL
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF
GUIDE: DR. VIJAY RAJ
CO-GUIDE: ANAND KUMAR SINGH

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

UNIVERSITY OF PETROLEUM &ENERGY STUDIES
DEHRADUN
DECEMBER 2018
 OVERVIEW

Introduction
Literature review
Mathivat Theory of Extra Dosed Bridges
General Design Considerations for Extra Dosed
Bridges
Economical design of extra dosed bridge
Result
Conclusion
Future steps to be undertaken
References
 INTRODUCTION

It was Jacques Mathivat in 1988 who first

introduced the concept of Extra dosed bridges.
These bridges use the concept of both girder
bridges and cable stay bridges. In extra dosed
bridges, the internal pre-stressing tendons are
replaced by external cables.
 Extra dosed bridges have lower tower height
and inclination of cable ranges from 15 to 17
degree, as compared to cable stay bridges, where
the inclination ranges from 40 to 45 Degree and
tower height is much greater.
 This reduced inclination of cables in extra
dosed bridges results in an increased axial force
in the deck and reduced vertical forces at the
anchorage. Thus, the function of the extra dosed
cable is to pre-stress the deck and provide
vertical support.
 LITERATURE REVIEW

Behaviour and Design of Extra Dosed Bridge: by Konstantinos Kris Mermigas (2008)
This thesis report provides an insight on, different parameters such as tower height, girder depth, and
pier dimensions and how these parameters effect the structural behaviour, cost and feasibility of the
Bridge. These parameters along with, the factors to be considered while design of Extra Dosed bridge
was discussed in detail. Two Cantilever constructed Bridges and two Extra Dosed with stiff deck and
stiff towers were designed and their structural behaviour was compared for each bridge. It was found
that the use of use of concrete was less in case of extra dosed bridge.
Structural behaviour and design criteria of extra dosed bridges: by José Benjumea, Gustavo
Chio, Esperanza Maldonado(2010)
This paper provides the historical context that describes the origin, and influence of the principal
structural elements and the design criteria proposed by researchers are presented. It also provides a
general insight into the design conception and structural behaviour of Extra dosed Bridges.
 LITERATURE REVIEW

Design of the new extra-dosed bridge over the Kelani River: by Y.K.R. Gunawardena1, H.
Ohashi, Y. Yamahana and T. Nohmi
This paper provides an insight on the extra dosed bridge that is proposed to be constructed over Kelani
river: Colombo(Sri Lanka). This paper also provides a detailed design procedure of the main bridge
elements, load cases considered, results and construction procedure of the proposed bridge.
Extra Dosed Pre Stressed Bridges: by Steven L. Stroh
This paper discusses about the concept of Extra Dosed Bridge and key parameters that governs the
design of the bridge. It also provides the design details of the first Extra Dosed bridge that was built in
U.S.A. and the construction procedure that was adopted for the design of the particular bridge.
 MATHIVAT THEORY OF EXTRA DOSED BRIDGES

Some of the design parameters that were discussed by Mathivat in his journals are as follows:
Replacement of internal top tendons with external cables which would provide horizontal support, as
well as pre-stress the deck at the same time.
Inclination angle between the cable and the deck should be in the range 15 degrees to 17 degrees.
The stress in cable should be 0.6 times the allowable stress of that cable. As the bridge is a
combination of cable stay and girder bridge, the allowable stress, therefore, should lie in between.
First anchorage point of cables should be at a distance of 0.18- 0.23 times the main span, from the end
of the pylon.
 GENERAL DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR
EXTRA DOSED BRIDGE

The girder depth of normal extra dosed bridges is around 2 to 4 m, which is about half of that of a
cantilevered bridge and twice that of a cable-stayed bridge.
Based on material consumption Komiya concluded that extra dosed bridges are less costly than cable-
stayed bridges but costlier than cantilever constructed girder bridges. Extra Dosed bridges could be
more economical than girder bridges in the case where girder depth is limited by traffic or navigational
constraints, or in the case where poor soil conditions provide an encouragement to reduce the
structure’s self-weight.
The first cable should be anchored between 0.18 to 0.25 of the main spans from the tower.
The deck should be proportioned with a span to depth ratio of 35 at the piers and 45 at mid-span to
keep all live load stress range in the cables below 80 Mpa.
 ECONOMICAL DESIGN OF EXTRA DOSED
BRIDGE
The Bridge considered for the analysis, is an existing bridge over Kelani River in Colombo, Sri Lanka. The
bridge will be analysed for different values of β(0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8), and their corresponding Bending
moments, shear force and deflection will be plotted. The result with least Bending moments, Shear Force and
Deflection will be considered as the most economical value for β. Material properties considered for the design
are:
 MATERIAL PROPERTIES

Grade of concrete M50

Length of Bridge 380 meters
Width of the Deck 30.4 meters
Number of lanes 4
Diameter of wire(UTS) 16 mm
Permissible stress in UTS wires 1850 Mpa
Height of pylon above the Deck 20 meters
Deck Depth(at pier) 5.6 meters
Deck Depth(at mid-span) 3.3 meters
Loading (Only in thesis) Class AA
MODEL OF THE BRIDGE ON CSI BRIDGE
SOFTWARE
 RESULTS

Bending Moment at Mid Span

180000

160000

140000

120000

100000

80000

60000

40000

20000

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Series1 Series2 Series3

 RESULTS

Deflection in m
0.05 0.8

0.045
0.7
0.04
0.6
0.035
0.5
0.03

0.025 0.4

0.02
0.3
0.015
0.2
0.01
0.1
0.005

0 0
1 2 3 4 5

Deflection β
RESULTS
 CONCLUSION

The permissible range of β ranges from 0.4 to 0.6. From the results previously
obtained it can be seen that the most economical design of the bridge can be
obtained at β= 0.6.
 FUTURE STEPS TO BE UNDERTAKEN
Steps to be taken Timeline
From the value of β obtained previously, one live
bridge will be designed.

Traffic survey will be conducted on the proposed First Week Of February 2019
site of the bridge and on the basis of
vehicular density will be calculated during the
peak hours.

Based on the vehicular density, required number of By Mid of March 2019

lanes will be decided and the bridge will be
designed accordingly.

BOQ of proposed bridge and comparison with By End Of March 2019

other type of bridges.
Report and Presentation Preparation By First Week Of April
 REFERENCES

1) Design of the new extra-dosed bridge over the Kelani River; Y.K.R. Gunawardena, H. Ohashi, Y.
Yamahana and T. Nohmi.
2) Behaviour and design of Extra Dosed Bridge; Konstantinos Kris Mermigas
3) Extra Dosed Pre-Stressed Bridges; Steven L. Stroh
4) Structural behaviour and design criteria of extra dosed bridges; José Benjumea, Gustavo Chio,
Esperanza Maldonado.