C ON TE M P O R A R Y

PH I L I P P I N E A R T S F R O M
TH E R E G I O N
 SUBJECT
•SERVES AS THE FOUNDATION OF THE CREATION OF ART
•ANSWERS TO: “WHAT IS THE WORK OF ART ALL ABOUT?”
•SUBJECT MATTER: WHAT THE WORK OF ART DEPICTS OR
REPRESENTS.
 SUBJECT VS. CONTENT
• SUBJECT MATTER: LITERAL, VISIBLE IMAGE IN A WORK
:E.G. . STILL LIFE, PORTRAIT, LANDSCAPE

• CONTENT: CONNOTATIVE, SYMBOLIC AND SUGGESTIVE ASPECTS OF THE IMAGE

: THE COMMUNICATION OF IDEAS, FEELINGS, AND REACTIONS CONNECTED WITH
THE SUBJECT.
 TYPES OF VISUAL ART ACCDG. TO SUBJECT

•REPRESENTATIONAL: REPRESENT ACTUAL OBJECTS FROM REALITY

: PERHAPS THE OLDEST OF THE TYPES OF ART.
: EASIEST TO IDENTIFY FROM VIEWER’S PERSPECTIVE.
SUBCATEGORIES: REALISM, IMPRESSIONISM, IDEALISM, STYLATION
THE FRUIT GATHERER, 1950 (BY FERNANDO AMORSOLO)
•  Spanish-trained realist developed a
backlighting technique, where his
colorful depictions of local people
reflect the radiance of the Philippine
sun.
• The figures and illuminated
landscapes magically glow on the
canvas.
 TYPES OF VISUAL ART ACCDG. TO SUBJECT

•NON-REPRESENTATIONAL: ARTWORK DOES NOT REPRESENT OR DEPICT

A PERSON, PLACE, OR THING IN THE NATURAL WORLD.
: CONTENT OF THE WORK IS ITS COLOR, SHAPES,
BRUSHSTROKES, SIZE, SCALE, AND IN SOME CASES, ITS PROCESS.
MAKILING INTERLUDE, 1984 (JOSE JOYA)
•  His canvases were characterized by "dynamic
spontaneity" and "quick gestures" of action
painting.
• He is the creator of compositions that were
described as "vigorous compositions" of heavy
impastoes, bold brushstrokes, controlled dips,
and diagonal swipes".
 WAYS OF PRESENTING THE SUBJECT
MATTER IN THE VISUAL ART
1. HISTORY
2. RELIGION
3. MYTHOLOGY
4. NATURE
5. GENRE

6. PORTRAIT
7. NUDE
8. STILL LIFE
9. THE SURREAL
10.ABSTRACT
1. HISTORY
HISTORY PAINTING: GENRE DEFINED BY SUBJECT MATTER RATHER THAN AN ARTISTIC STYLE.
: DEPICTS A MOMENT IN HISTORY RATHER THAN A STATIONARY SUBJECT.
: OFTEN ILLUSTRATE SIGNIFICANT RATHER THAN SCENES OF EVERYDAY LIFE
2. RELIGION
RELIGIOUS ART IS: ARTWORK THAT HAS A CHRISTIAN OR BIBLICAL THEME
: ARTWORK WHICH ILLUSTRATES THE WORSHIP OF ANY GOD OR DEITY
: ARTWORK W/ AN ISLAMIC, BUDDHIST, HINDU, SIKH, CAO DAI OR TRADITIONAL CHINESE
RELIGIONS
: ANY ARTISTIC IMAGERY USING RELIGIOUS INSPIRATION AND MOTIFS – OFTEN INTENDED TO
UPLIFT THE MIND TO THE SPIRITUAL
3. MYTHOLOGICAL: DESCRIBES ART FORMS THAT DRAW ON MYTH OF THEIR
SUBJECT MATTER.
4. NATURE:
A. LANDSCAPE: COVERS THE DEPICTION OF OUTDOOR OR NATURAL SCENERY
: USUALLY HAS A WIDE VIEW
B. CITYSCAPE: FOCUSES ON URBAN SCENERY OR ENVIRONMENT
: **TOWNSCAPE IS ROUGHLY SYNONYMOUS –IMPLIES SAME DIFFERENCE IN
URBAN SIZE AND DENSITY (EVEN MODERNITY)
C. SEASCAPE: DEPICTS THE SEA AS A PRIMARY SUBJECT.
D. FLORA: PRIMARILY FOCUSES ON FLOWERS
E: FAUNA: EMPHASIZES ON ANIMAL IMAGERY AS ITS PRIMARY SUBJECT MATTER
5. GENRE: ARTISTIC REPRESENTATION OF SUBJECTS FROM EVERYDAY LIFE, USUALLY
SMALL IN SCALE
: ONE OF THE FIVE GENRES OF PAINTING, ESTABLISHES IN THE 17TH CENTURY
6. PORTRAIT: ARTISTIC REPRESENTATION OF A PERSON
: DISPLAYS THE LIKENESS, PERSONALITY, AND EVEN THE MOOD OF THE PERSON
7. NUDE: USED TO EXPRESS IDEALS OF MALE AND FEMALE BEAUTY AND OTHER HUMAN
QUALITIES
: WORK OF FINE ART –ITS PRIMARY SUBJECT IS THE UNCLOTHED HUMAN BODY
8. STILL LIFE: ONE OF THE PRINCIPAL GENRES OF WESTERN ARTS
:SUBJECT MATTER: ANYTHING THAT DOES NOT MOVE OR IS DEAD
9. SURREALISTIC: COMPOSED OF DREAMLIKE SCENES THAT SHOW IRRATIONAL
ARRANGEMENT OF OBJECTS.
: IMAGES ARE RECOGNIZABLE BUT WITH FANTASTIC AND UNNATURAL
RELATIONSHIPS
10. ABSTRACT ART:
: ABSTRACT: TO SEPARATE SOMETHING FROM SOMETHING ELSE
: ARTIST HAS STARTED WITH SOME VISIBLE OBJECT AND ABSTRACTED ELEMENTS
FROM IT TO ARRIVE AT A MORE OR LESS SIMPLIFIED OR SCHEMATIZED FORM.
: ARTIST DECIDES TO VIEW THE SUBJECTS IN A NON-TRADITIONAL MANNER
HISTORY
"Paghahanda Para sa Himagsikan”

• By Juanito Torres
• Displays famous imagery from the
past
RELIGION
“First Mass at Limasawa”

• by Carlos V. Francisco.
1965
MYTHOLOGY
”The promise land: the sun”

• By Rodel Tapaya 
NATURE
“View of Bataan from Manila Bay”

• By Fernando Amorsolo
 FUNCTION
• REFERS TO THE DIRECT AND PRACTICAL USEFULNESS OF THE ARTS.
• 3 CATEGORIES: ** THESE CATEGORIES OVERLAP IN ANY GIVEN PIECE OF ART
1. PHYSICAL FUNCTION: MOST EASILY DEALT WITH; WORKS OF ART THAT ARE
CREATED TO PERFORM SOME SERVICE.
2. SOCIAL FUNCTION: ADDRESSES ASPECTS OF COLLECTIVE LIFE
3. PERSONAL FUNCTION: VARIES FROM ONE PERSON TO ANOTHER
 MEDIUM AND TECHNIQUE

• MEDIUM: MATERIALS WHICH ARE USED BY AN ARTIST TO CREATE ARTWORKS

: DENOTES THE MEANS BY WHICH AN ARTIST COMMUNICATES HIS IDEAS
: WHEN AN ARTIST CHOOSES HIS MEDIUM, HE BELIEVES HE CAN EXPRESS THE IDEA HE
WANTS TO CONVEY.
•TECHNIQUE: MANNER IN WHICH THE ARTIST CONTROLS THE MEDIUM TO ACHIEVE THE
DESIRED EFFECT
 TWO-DIMENSIONAL MEDIA

•ARTISTS USE MANY DIFFERENT MATERIALS, OR MEDIA, TO

CREATE ART.
•DRAWING AND PAINTING –ARTISTS USE MEDIA SUCH AS
CRAYONS, PAINTS, PASTELS, AND PENCILS.
 “Spolarium”
• By Juan Luna
• About 4.22 by 7.67
meters
 THREE-DIMENSIONAL MEDIA

•HAS HEIGHT, WEIGHT, DEPTH

•USES MEDIA LIKE CLAY AND PLASTIC TO MAKE SOLID FORMS
•EXAMPLES: SCULPTURE, CRAFTS, ARCHITECHTURE
 “Oblation”
• Guillermo Tolentino
 TECHNOLOGICAL MEDIA
• REFERS TO THE ARTWORKS CREATED WITH NEW MEDIA TECHNOLOGIES
• EXAMPLES: PHOTOGRAPHY, FILM, VIDEO, COMPUTER ART
PHOTOGRAPHY –TECHNIQUE OF CAPTURING OPTICAL IMAGES ON LIGHT-SENSITIVE
SURFACES
FILM –MAIN PHOTOGRAPHIC MEDIUM
**WITH ALL THESE OPTIONS, ARTISTS CAN CREATE MULTIMEDIA.
**MULTIMEDIA ART EXPANDS THE BOUNDARIES OF ART BY INCLUDING SENSORY
EXPERIENCES.
Giant Lantern
Making in
Pampanga using
mixed and
technological
Media
 WHAT IS ORGANIZATION
• ORGANIZATION: REFERS TO THE “ORDER” IN A WORK OF ART
:THE WAYS THE ELEMENTS ARE ARRANGES, COMBINED, AND CONFIGURED
TO MAKE A WHOLE
• ANY ORGANIZATION MUST MAKE SENSE AND MUST BE INTERESTING
• THIS IS THE SKELETON OF AN ARTWORK –IT HOLDS THE WORK TOGETHER
Okir Design
 ORGANIZATION IN THE VISUAL ARTS
• PRINCIPLES OF ART DESIGN THE GUIDES ONE TO PUT ELEMENTS TOGETHER TO ACHIEVE
BEAUTY:
1. RHYTHM: TIMED MOVEMENT THROUGH SPACE; DEPENDS LARGELY UPON THE
ELEMENTS OF PATTERN AND MOVEMENT.
: PRESENCE OF RHYTHM CREATES PREDICTABILITY AND ORDER IN A COMPOSITION.
VISUAL RHYTHM: CAN BE CREATED THROUGH REPETITION, ALTERATION, GRADATION
2. EMPHASIS: REFERS TO THE POINT OF FOCUS OR INTERRUPTION
:MARKS LOCATIONS WHICH MOST STRONGLY DRAW THE VIEWER’S ATTENTION
3. UNITY: SUMMARIZES ALL OF THE PRINCIPLES AND ELEMENTS OF A DESIGN
:A HARMONY OF ALL THE PARTS
4. BALANCE: QUALITY WHICH GIVES FEELING OF EQUILIBRIUM OR STABILITY
:VISUAL WEIGHT –QUALITY WHICH GAINS AND HOLDS ATTENTION
: “VISUAL WEIGHTS” OF LINES, FORMS, VALUES, TEXTURES, AND COLORS
SYMMETRICAL BALANCE: EQUAL “WEIGHT” ON SIDES –FORMAL BALANCE
ASYMMETRICAL BALANCE: ALLOWS OBJECT OF VARIOUS VISUAL WEIGHT TO
BALANCE ONE ANOTHER AROUND A FULCRUM –INFORMAL BALANCE
5. PROPORTION: PLEASING RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN A WHOLE AND ITS PARTS
Unity
“Balloon”
• Michael Cacnio
• Colored glasses
 VISUAL PLANS OF ART

• THE CANVAS OR PAPER WITH A PRE-ORGANIZED VISUAL PATTERN

• BASIC VISUAL PATTERNS:
A. RADIAL PLAN: HAS ITS MAJOR LINES FROM A CENTER POINT.
B. PYRAMIDAL PLAN: HAS ELEMENTS THAT FORM A TRIANGLE.
C. RECTANGULAR OR COLUMNAR PLAN: FORMS AN UPRIGHT OR VERTICAL RECTANGLE
OR COLUMN
D. PARALLEL OR BISECTED PLAN: TWO SIDES THAT ARE PARALLEL TO
EACH OTHER.
E. MIXED PLAN: TWO OR MORE OF THE PLANS ABOVE TO CREATE ITS BASIC
FORMS
F. BREAKAWAY PLAN: ELEMENTS THAT BREAK AWAY FROM, OR DISOBEY,
THE OTHER PLANS
Radial Plan
Pyramidal Plan
Rectangular or Columnar Plan
 STYLE IN THE ARTS
• STYLE: CHARACTERISTIC THAT WE CAN IDENTIFY AS A CONSTANT,
RECURRING, OR COHERENT
: REFERS TO THE SUM OF CHARACTERISTICS ASSOCIATED WITH A
PARTICULAR ARTIST, GROUP, CULTURE, OR WITH AN ARTIST’S WORK AT A
SPECIFIC TIME.
• 3 DIFFERENT ELEMENTS OF STYLE: ARTIST’S PERSONAL STYLE
NATIONAL STYLE
STYLE OF THE PERIOD