Digestive System

Anatomy and Physiology

 Mouth
 Hard Palate
– Anterior roof
 Soft Palate
– Posterior Roof
 Uvula
– Projection of soft palate
 Lingiuinal Frenulum
– Attaches tongue to mouth floor
 Pharynx
 Passageway for food and air
 Esophagus
 Tube carries food to stomach
 Peristalsis
– Muscle contractions that move the food
 Stomach
 Cardioesophageal Sphincter
– Opening at top of stomach
 Gastric Juice
– Stomach acid
 Chyme
– Substance left after stomach digestion
 Pyloric Sphincter
– Opening at bottom of stomach leads to
intestines
 Small Intestine
 Nearly all food absorption occurs here
 Three Sections
– Duodenum
– Jejunum
– Ileum
 Large Intestine
 Absorbs water
 Get rid of waste
 Appendix
– Inflamed appendix=appendicitis
 Salivary Glands
 Parotid glands- near ears in mouth
 Submandibular and sublingual glands
– Produce saliva under tongue
 Saliva
– Moistens food
– Helps start startch digestion
 Teeth
 Deciduous teeth
– Baby teeth
 Incisors- cut food
 Canines- tear and
pierce food
 Molars- grinding
 Pancreas
 Produces enzymes that break food down
 Empties into small intestine
 Neutralizes gastric acid
 Produces insulin and glucagon
 Liver and Gall Bladder
 Produces bile
 Bile enters small intestine
 Helps breakdown lipids
 Gall bladder stores bile