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FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
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FUNCTIONAL DESIGN

Optical function
 The 1686 WM is a point–to–point transmission system with in–line optical
amplification capability It provides
 a transmission capacity up to 320 Gbit/s on a single fiber by multiplexing thirty two
STM–16/STM–64 channels @ 10 GB/s.
 Each channel respects the NRZ code and its bit rate ranges from 100 Mb/s up to
10Gb/s.
 Each channel is associated to a fixed wavelength chosen in the third window (1.550
nm).
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FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
 The basic components of a 1686 WM line system are:
• the line terminal equipment (LT)
• the optical repeater equipment (LR)
• the optical add and drop repeater equipment (OR)
 The 1686 WM can be upgraded to 72 channels (32 channels in C band and 40 channels in
L band), with using the 1640 WM equipment for the L band. The resulting system performs
C+L band multiplexing withthe help of a simple C+L optical coupler.
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FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
 Wavelength division multiplexing in the 1686WM
 The 32 channels launched in the fiber are coming from an Expansion unit which combines
these signals from two multiplexers, one multiplexing 16 channels in the short band region
(< 1545 nm) the other in the long band region (> 1545 nm) according to the table below. At
the RX side the 32 channels are splitted in two (Long band and Short band ) via the
Expansion unit and then demultiplexed.
 Each STM–16/ STM–64 signal can be converted into an optical signal which the
wavelength is related to the table below, by using a wavelength adapter (WLA) if necessary.
If provisioned, a FEC function performs in the transmit side the encoding of the FEC
overhead data. Then, it achieves a performance monitoring on the frame (Low BER), and in
the Receive side it decodes the FEC overhead data and monitors the number of corrected
errors and uncorrected blocks of the entrance frame.
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FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
 nominal central frequencies allocation plan based on the 100 GHz channel spacing
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FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
 nominal central frequencies allocation plan based on the 100 GHz channel spacing
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FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
 Automatic Laser Control (ALC or saturating channel (1545 nm))
It is inserted at the Expansion unit output to compensate the mean optical power variation
in case of different number of input signals.
 Optical supervisory channel
A dedicated channel ”Optical Supervision Channel” named OSC (also SPV) is allocated
to the transport of the supervision data. The OSC is an out–of–band channel (1480 or
1510 nm); its availability is independent of the good working of the optical amplifiers.
The OSC channel is electrically converted and exchanged with the DCC_AUX unit.
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FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
 Optical supervisory channel
 In the WDM terminal, this channel is terminated in the DCC_AUX unit
 It is inserted after the gain block in the WB_OBA_SPV unit and dropped at the input
of the pre–amplifier OFA gain block in the WB_OPA_SPV unit. The optical interfaces
are implemented on these units.
 For the Metro Configurations, it is inserted and dropped in the SPV_CPL.
 In the WDM line repeater or OADM repeater, it is terminated in the DCC_AUX unit
too. It is dropped before and inserted after the OFA gain block of the OLA unit. The
optical interface is implemented on this unit.
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FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
 Optical supervisory channel
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FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
 Network Element description(Line terminal)
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FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
 Network Element description(Supervision)
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FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
 Network Element description(In–Line Repeater)
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FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
 Network Element description(Supervision)
 IMPORTANT:
When the DCC_AUX unit is not present in the repeater, the SPV channel is automatically by–passed in the OLA
unit. In this case, the faulty repeater is no longer supervised, but the supervision of the rest of the link is not
disturbed.
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FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
 Network Element
description(OADM Repeater)
 Two OADM types are available in this release;
on the one hand the four channels OADM_4
repeater and the other hand the eight channels
OADM_8 repeater.
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FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
 Network Element description(non regenerative back–to back terminal configuration)
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FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
 Network Element description(regenerative back–to back terminal configuration)
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FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
 Performance Monitoring
 The Performance monitoring on B1 provides the transmission quality of the signal
transmitted between ADM and WLA. For 10Gb/s transponders, B1 can be monitored at the
end of WDM domain and so compared to the one at the input of WDM domain. The
performance monitoring on FEC provides the transmission quality of the signal when it is
passing through the WDM domain.
 Performance monitoring on B1
The system monitors:
– CV (Code violation): number of erroneous bit in the B1 bytes. 8 errors can be detected per SDH frame.
– DS (defect second): one second period when one of the events LOS (Loss Of Signal), or LOF (Loss Of
Frame (SDH) or J0 mismatch occurred.
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FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
 Performance monitoring on B1
 Events
The following performance events are defined:
– Erroneous Second (ES): a one second period with at least one CV (code violation) or a
DS
– Severely Erroneous Second (SES): a one second period which contains more than 2400
CV (erroneous B1 bits) or a DS.
– Background Block Error (BBE): number of CV not occurring during an SES event.
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FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
 Performance monitoring on FEC
 The system monitors:
–CEC counter (FEC analysis): Corrected errors count. It defines the number of corrected
errors (bytes) during a second
–UB counter (FEC analysis): Uncorrected blocks count. It defines the number of
uncorrected blocks (bytes) during a second
–DS counter (defect second): one second period when one of the defects LOS or LOF
happened.
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FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
 Performance monitoring on FEC
 Events
Two events are associated to these three counters in order to ensure performance
monitoring.
–Background Errors Corrected (BEC):
number of CEC not occurring during an SCS event.
–Severely Corrected Second (SCS):
number of seconds not corrected within either at least one uncorrected block occurs
and/or LOS or LOF alarm occurs.
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FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
 PM Counters organization
on B1 and FEC
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FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
 Automatic laser shutdown ALS
 WLAs on the transmit side and on the receive side are required to support the ALS of host
system. In this case, the transmission system is compliant to the ALS definition
 Automatic power shutdown APSD
 Available for all amplifiers with output power is (Pout 17 dBm)
 APSD function is implemented in WDM terminal and OADM repeater sites in order to have a
safety mechanism independent from the host systems. During APSD, OSC is still working.
 In case of links without add–drop site the system is compliant with the ITU–T recommendation
G681.
 In case of ”metropolitan” and ”short–metropolitan” configurations, APSD is not useful and
disabled by software application.
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FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
 Cable break (WDM line) without OADM repeater
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FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
 General APSD description in OADM site
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FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
 General APSD description in OADM site
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FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
 Cases of amplifiers with WB_OXA_P20_#### (Pout > 17 dBm) :

At the end of ILOS1 the second stage restarts in 100 ms max with an output power of +17
dBm maximum. After 10 seconds without ILOS at the OXA input, the output power
increases to reach its nominal value.

 The ”APSD enable” must be the default configuration with (WB_OXA_P20_####)

amplifiers types . In normal operation with ”APSD enable” configuration, the system
operates in HAZARD LEVEL1M. When the APSD configuration is declared ”Forced
on” or ”Manual Restart for test” the system can operate in HAZARD LEVEL 3B
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FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
 Optical Safety – Amplifier behavior(APSD)
 ILOS1 (OXA1):
• LSD1 (OXA1): the output power of the first stage of the OXA1 shuts down (this avoids
propagation of ASE noise).
• There is 50 ms max between ILOS1 (OXA1) and LSD1 (OXA1)
• ILOS (OADM): LSD1 leads to a loss of input power in the OADM
• An internal connection in the OADM gives the command for the APSD procedure.
• LSD2 (OXA2): a back–panel connection from OADM to OXA2 starts the APSD procedure by
shutting down the second stage of the OXA2.
• There is 500 ms min between ILOS (OADM) and LSD2 (OXA2)
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FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
 Optical Safety – Amplifier behavior(APSD)
 ILOS1 (OXA1):
• At the end of ILOS1 (OXA1) the first stage of the OXA1 restarts in 100 ms max.
• At the end of ILOS (OADM) the second stage of the OXA2 restarts in 100 ms max.
• The output power of the second stage of the OXA1 must not change; this avoids perturbation of the
others OMS.
 When a WB_OXA_P_SPV is used in an OADM repeater site, the second stage of the OXA1must
decrease in 50 ms max its output power from +17 dBm down to +14 dBm in case of ILOS1 to
avoid dramatic SPM effects.
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FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
 Optical Safety – Amplifier behavior(APSD)
 ILOS (OADM):
• An internal connection in the OADM gives the command for the APSD procedure.
• LSD2 (OXA2): a back–panel connection from OADM to OXA2 starts the APSD procedure by shutting down the
second stage of the OXA2.
• There is 500 ms min between ILOS (OADM) and LSD2 (OXA2)
• At the end of ILOS (OADM) the second stage of the OXA2 restarts in 100 ms max.
• The output power of the second stage of the OXA1 must not change; this avoids perturbation of the others OMS.
 ILOS2 (OXA1):
• LSD2 (OXA1): the output power of the second stage of the OXA1 shuts down
• The output power of the first stage of the OXA1 must not change.
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FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
 Optical Safety – Amplifier behavior(APSD)
 Cover removed
In case of a detection of a cover removed default, the output power of the OFA in default
is shut down. This corresponds to a cable break and the APSD procedure is performed in
the same way.
 APSD restart concept
When APSD occurs, three restart modes are available: Automatic restart, Manual restart,
Manual restart for test. The time
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FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
 APSD restart concept
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FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
 Auxiliary channels

 The 1686WM has the capability to manage and configure upon management the
bidirectional overhead used for Auxiliary channels.

 The Master Shelf Access Panel connectors used for auxiliary channels application are:

• M2, M3, M4, for auxiliary channels in V11 type

• M5, M6, M7 for auxiliary channels in G.703 type.

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FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
 Auxiliary channels(Line terminal)
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FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
 Auxiliary channels(Optical repeater)
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FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
 Auxiliary channels(OADM repeater)
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FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
 Description of the frame
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FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
 Power supply unit
 In these subracks, two DC/DC converters
feed all the boards. The converters are 1+1
protected. In normal operation, one Power
Supply unit can be removed without causing
trouble to service.
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FUNCTIONAL DESIGN
 Power supply unit
 Normal service range
The normal input voltage range of the power supply module is either:
– 40,5 V – 48 V – 57,0 V or
– 50,0 V – 60 V – 72,0 V.
 Abnormal service range
The 1686 WM equipment operating at –48 V does not suffer any damage when subjected to the following voltage
range : 0 V to –40,5 V and –57 V to –60 V.
 The maximum power consumption of the main rack is about 350 Watts.
 DC/DC Power supply units’ output voltages + 5.3 V 3% – 5.5 V 3% + 12.1V 3%