CHAPTER 7

EDUCATION
Presented by:

NHICO J. CASTANEDA
ED GERALD M. CAYABYAB
JOSHUA A. GUIAO
EDUCATION
• Webster defines education as the process of
educating and teaching, education is further
defined as “to develop the knowledge and skill
or character of…”
• Education is a gradual process which brings
positive changes in human life and behavior.
EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM
Education in the Philippines has undergone several
stages of development from the pre-Spanish times to
the present. In meeting the needs of the society,
education serves as focus of emphases/priorities of the
leadership of certain periods/epochs in our national
struggle as a race.
 PRE-SPANISH
• Education was informal and
uninstructed.
• Children were provided with vocational
training and less academics by parents
and houses of tribal tutors.
• They used the unique system of writing
known as the baybayin.
BAYBAYIN: The term Baybay literally means “to spell” in
Tagalog.
- it also known as the alibata, were in it is the ancient
writing system that was used before the Filipinos.
 • Education was “religion-oriented”
• Education for the elite only, during
early years of Spanish Colonialization.

EDUCATIONAL DECREE OF 1863

• Establishment of at least one primary school for boys and girls for
each town, under the responsibility of municipal government.
• Establishment of a normal school for male teachers under the
supervision of the Jesuits.
• Spanish is compulsory.
• Education was inadequate, suppressed and controlled.
• The schools maintained by Spain for more than
three centuries were closed, reopened on August
29, 1898 by the Secretary of Interior.
• The Burgos Institute of Malolos, the Military
Academy of Malolos, and the Literary University
of the Philippines were established.
• Free and compulsory
elementary education was
establish.
Dr. Jacob Schurman (January 20,
1899)

• Adequate secularized and free

public school.

William H. Taft (June 3, 1899)

• Free primary instruction that trained the

people for the duties of the citizenship
and advocation.
• Chaplains and non-commissioned officers
were assigned to teach using English as
the medium of instruction.
•A highly centralized public school system was
installed in 1901 by the Philippine commission by
virtue of ACT No. 74. The implementation of this ACT
created a heavy shortage of teachers so the Philippine
Commission authorized the Secretary of Public
Instruction to bring to the Philippines 600 teachers
from the U.S.A. they were Thomasites.
• Education in the Philippines is similar to the United
States.
• Filipino Children enter public school at the age of 4
(Nursery to Kindergarten)
• At about seven years old, children enter primary
school (6+1)
• Secondary Level (4 years)
• Collegiate school (3+2 years)
PRIMARY SCHOOL
• It is also called Elementary School. It consist of six levels,
with some schools adding an additional level (Level 7).
• It involves wide curriculum. The core subjects include
Mathematics, English, and Makabayan (a mixture of
Social Studies and Filipino). Other subjects include
Sciences, Music, Arts, and Physical Education. Starting
at the third level Science become integral part of core
subjects.
• In the teaching medium in the vast majority of all local
schools is English, Filipino is considered as second
Language and it is used only in Makabayan Subject.
• Outside Manila, other languages such as Cebuano,
Bicolano, and Waray, are also used in the teaching of
Makabayan.
• International schools generally use English in all
subjects. Chinese schools add two language subjects,
such as Min Nan Chinese and Mandarin Chinese.
• Few private schools mainly catering to the elite also
include Spanish in their curriculum.
• All primary-level students generally graduate with a
knowledge of two or three languages.
• Primary Students traditionally sit for the National
Elementary Achievement Test (NEAT) administered by the
DECS.
• Department of Education, Culture and Sports (DECS)
was officially converted to Department of Education
(DepEd) in 2004, as a result NEAT was abolished.
SECONDARY EDUCATION
• Secondary education in the Philippines is largely
based on the American schooling system. It consist of
four levels. Secondary schooling is compartmentalized
learning each level focuses on a particular theme or
content. Secondary school is often called simply as
“high school”, and as such this will be the prevailing
word in this section.
• The first year of High school includes five core subjects,
namely Algebra I, Integrated Science, English 1, Filipino
1, and Philippine History 1. Second year includes
Geometry, Biology, English II, Filipino II, and Asian
History. Third year includes Trigonometry, Chemistry,
American Literature, Filipino III, and World History,
fourth year of High School has Calculus, Physics, World
Literature, Filipino IV, and Economics. Other minor
subject include Health, Advanced Computer, Music, Arts,
Technology and Home Economics and Physical
Education.
• In exclusive schools, various languages are offered as
Electives together with Computer programming, Literary
writing, as well as other subjects. Chinese schools add
language and cultural subjects. Preparatory schools
usually add some Business and Accountancy courses,
while Science high schools have Biology, Chemistry, and
Physics on every level.
• Secondary students traditionally sit for the National
Secondary Achievement Test (NSAT), which is originally
tailored as a counterpart of the American SAT, and is
administered by the Department of Education, Culture
and Sports (DECS). Like its primary school counterpart,
it was eventually phased-out after major reorganizations
in the said department. As of now, there is no
government-sponsored entrance examination for Tertiary
schools, and all schools, public or private, administer
their own Collegiate Entrance Examinations (CEE).
TERTIARY SCHOOL
• Tertiary schools in the Philippines are either colleges
or universities Colleges are tertiary institutions that
typically offer one or few specialized courses, for
example, in Science or Liberal Arts, whereas
universities are tertiary institutions that offer several
courses, which are often varied.
• Tertiary schooling in the Philippines is more
cosmopolitan, with thousands of international
students enrolling here, the vast majority of which
come from United States, South Korea, India,
Pakistan, and other European countries like Sweden
and Italy.
• Most Korean students are transients, studying for the
first two or three years in the Philippines to have a
working knowledge of English, and then transferring
abroad to the United States for degrees, but still,
many still complete their tertiary education in the
country.
PURPOSE OF EDUCATION
1. The primary purpose of education is not to prepare
children for jobs or to make our nation economically
competitive in international markets. Public
education is an important element of a working
democracy and offers much more than measuring
what we do in terms of dollars and cents or the
economic return of our investment.
The school system must deliver to society
individuals whose abilities have been developed
sufficiently so that they are able to assume positive
and productive societal roles.”
2. To produce a labour force that can maintain
competitiveness within the global economy, then one is
likely to view corporate involvement in education as a
positive move.
3. For the preservation and enhancement of knowledge
and the development of character within our given
form of society which will best prepare the individual
for the conditions of extreme novelty the near future is
bringing.
QUESTIONS?
THE END
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