PERFECT

MATCH
1. Each group will be given a set of
graphs and statements that
describe the data
2. Match the graph to the description
3. Post the paired graph-description
to the appropriate column (cause
or effect)
IMPACTS OF CLIMATE
CHANGE

ERLINDA U. ITURRALDE

GLADYS P. BUSTOS
 OBJECTIVE

Assess the economic,

geopolitical, biological,
and meteorological
impacts of climate
change
 ARTICLE ANALYSIS

Impact Assessment of Climate Change in

Quezon Province
(Real-Infanta-General Nakar)

Raeyan Ramos, et al. (March 6-8, 2014). Research Paper

Presented at the DLSU Research Congress 2014, De La
Salle University, Manila, Philippines
 ARTICLE ANALYSIS

IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE

Output (Graphic Organizer)

1 Trepanation ECONOMIC
2 Baybayin GEOPOLITICAL
3 Tentay BIOLOGICAL
4 Computer METEOROLOGICAL
ASPECT DESCRIPTION
ECONOMIC
changes in business revenue, business
profits, personal wages, and/or jobs

GEOPOLITICAL
politics, especially international
relations, as influenced by geographical
factors (climate, topography,
demography, natural resources)

BIOLOGICAL
Living organisms

METEOROLOGICAL
processes and phenomena of the
atmosphere, especially as a means of
forecasting the weather.
 ECONOMIC

 low agricultural productivity growth has hindered

economic growth and employment creation in the
Philippines, where agriculture—which accounts for
one-third of employment—remains a key sector.
 Climate change has the potential to disrupt crop
productivity, and in turn affect domestic agricultural
production, consumption, and food security.

Rosegrant, Mark W.; Perez, Nicostrato; Pradesha, Angga; and Thomas, Timothy S. 2016.
The economywide impacts of climate change on Philippine agriculture. Climate Change
Policy Note 1. Washington, D.C.: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
https://doi.org/10.2499/9780896292451
 GEOPOLITICAL

 global impact of climate change could stimulate

changes in international and domestic commodity
prices, ultimately having negative effects on both
Philippine agriculture and the country’s overall
economy.
 Sustaining agricultural production growth to help
achieve inclusive growth and poverty reduction is a
key goal for the Philippine government.

Rosegrant, Mark W.; Perez, Nicostrato; Pradesha, Angga; and Thomas, Timothy S. 2016.
The economywide impacts of climate change on Philippine agriculture. Climate Change
Policy Note 1. Washington, D.C.: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
https://doi.org/10.2499/9780896292451
 BIOLOGICAL

 Impact on agriculture, forestry, and land

 Impact on coastal areas, fisheries and marine
resources
 Impact on water resources
 Impact on health

Rincon, Maria Fernanda Garcia and Felizardo K. Virtucio, Jr.

(June 16-17, 2008). Climate Change in the Philippines.World
Bank CEA Workshop, Manila.
Impact on agriculture, forestry, and land

 Land degradation reduces productivity, and

changes in land-use in turn increase emissions
 1990-2000: 3.3% rice production lost as a consecuence of
typhoons, floods, drought.
 El Nino (97-98) resulted in ↓6.6% GDP in agriculture
production
 Degraded land causes migration to less productive land
 Loss of subsistence-based livelihoods: 35% of labor force
depends on sector
 55.9% of CO2 emissions from land use & forestry (2000)
 Loss of biodiversity due to habitat destruction
 Impact on coastal areas, fisheries and marine
resources

 Sea level rise puts at risk coastal activities (e.g.,

aquaculture) & infrastructure
 60% of the population depends on marine resources
 Coral reefs contribute about $1.4 billion per year
and accounted for 10 to 15 percent of total annual
fish yield
 Only 5-10% of mangroves and coral reefs in
excellent condition
 Decrease of up to 46% in live coral cover after the
1997-98 bleaching event; highly bleached areas
coincided with areas of poverty and dense
populations
 Loss of biodiversity due to habitat destruction thus
affecting fisheries
 Impact on water resources

 SLR increases salinity/undrinkability of

water (evident in nearly 28 percent of
coastal municipalities in Luzon, 20 percent
in the Visayas, and almost 29 percent in
Mindanao)
 Lead to ↑ 17% in wet season streamflow & ↓
35% in dry season streamflow in
Pantabangan-Carranglan watershed (Lasco
et al 2006).
 Impact on health
 Indicative trend that there is 10% to 58%
association between climate change and health.
Further research needed (1 Nat. Com.).

 May impact: under nutrition, cardio-respiratory

diseases, dengue and especially affect diarrheal
diseases and malaria(IPCC4)

 In 1998 malaria and other diseases increased

significantly as a consecuence of El Niño
 METEOROLOGICAL

Philippine Climate Change Reality: Its Effects on

People’s Vulnerability and Challenges to Reducing
Poverty
 Five of the 10 deadliest typhoons to hit the
Philippines have come since 2006.
 1997-98
El Niño heated up practically the
whole country

▪ from the usual 20 cyclones/year, only 14

visited the country
As El Niño effects waned
▪ produce from over 2 million hectares
… 5 destructive
worth typhoons hit ruined
about PhP14B other
parts
▪ more than 2 million of the
families country
experienced
… Typhoon Lolengfood left shortage
Bicol &
▪ ignited
Southern some 126,012
Tagalog with 300hectares of
people
forestlands
dead
 October 2002 to June 2003
Mild El Niño most felt in
▪ Northern Luzon particularly in Cagayan
▪ Southern Luzon affecting mostly theValley
Bicol
Region

2 Months after the El Niño

▪ continuous monsoon rains in the Visayas &
Mindanao
▪ flashfloods & landslides affected 23,459
families in 4 Mindanao provinces and in Leyte
 November 29-December 7 2004: Typhoons
Unding, Violeta, Winnie and Yoyong

 Also a climate variation:

 It happened in a two-week period
 The rainfall registered a record high of
1131.9 mm for a continuous rain of 11
days. It almost equaled the highest
monthly volume of rainfall recorded
from 1950-2000 for the whole month
of November in 1966.
 Sea level rise
MOST COASTAL AREAS
ALONG MANILA BAY
WOULD SUCCUMB TO A
ONE-METER SEA LEVEL
 CHALLENGE

 The greater challenge being posed by climate

change and the disasters it induced is more
than the question of How to prepare
communities and people toward
climate change preparedness,
adaptation and mitigation but
uplifting the people’s economic and
organizational capacity to withstand
its adverse effects
 EVALUATION

 How do I contribute to climate change?

 Compute your carbon footprint. Go to the
website?????
 Climate Variations
El Niño & La Niña occurrences
Period El Niño (Affected Typhoons & Floods
areas) (Affected areas)

1982-83 Severe: Central Luzon, 1981: Typhoon Dinang,

So Tagalog, W storm surges
Mindanao, Region 2, 1982: Typhoons
parts of Region 1 Weling & Bening
Moderate: Regions Mindoro (108 deaths)
1,2,3,5
1986-87 W Luzon, Bicol 1986: Typhoon
Region, most of Luzon Gading-Regions 3,6,8
& Northeastern 1987: Typhoons Ising,
Mindanao Sisang, Bebang,
total of 44 provinces Trining & Herming-
Regions 1,2,4
Period El Niño (Affected Typhoons & Floods
areas) (Affected areas)

1991-93 Central Luzon, So Tagalog, 1991: Typhoons Uring &

No Visayas, Western
(severe to
Mindanao, Region 2 &
moderate)
parts of Region 1
total of 42 provinces
1997-98 Practically whole country
(severe) (except extreme part of No
Luzon & So Palawan
October Most parts of the country
2002-June
2003
Trining-No Luzon &
Visayas (badly hit were
Leyte & Ormoc City in
Samar)
1992: 4 typhoons that
caused lahar flows &
flooding in C Luzon
1997: Typhoons Bining &
Ibyang-C Luzon & Metro
Manila
Flashfloods as high as 2-4
ft in Agusan del Norte,
Agusan del Sur, Davao del
Norte & Davao Oriental
Typhoon Milenyo-C Luzon,
Metro Manila, Visayas-
Monsoon rains caused
landslides & flashflods in
So Leyte
 Decadal trend of annual mean sea level
(in meters)

Station Manila Legazp Davao Cebu Jolo

i
1950- - 0.07 + - 0.099 - 0.090 - 0.080
59 0.044
change
1960- + - 0.071 - 0.024 - 0.085 - 0.078
69 0.083
change
1970- +0.183 + + + - 0.020
79 0.074 0.069 0.027
change
1980- +0.142 + 0.165 + 0.165 + +
89 0.009 0.069
change