Classification of upper limb

orthosis
Presented to : Miss Soonhan Rani
Presented by : Syeda Zoha Hassan Taqvi
Upper Limb Orthosis:
An orthosis is a device that is applied to the body in
Order to protect and stabilize body parts , to prevent
or correct deformities to aid in performance of certain
functions.
Upper limb orthoses are applied to the shoulder,
elbow, arm, wrist or hand
Classification •Orthoses are classified on the basis of
i. Function
of upper limb ii. Anatomical regions
orthosis: iii. designs
CLASSIFICATION OF
ORTHOSIS BASED
ON FUNCTION
Protective orthosis:
• Immobilize the joint.
• Prevent any motion and promote
optional joint alignment.
• Stabilize an unstable joint or fractured
bone
• Prevent re-injury and subluxation of
joints.
Example : wrist hand stabilizer.
 Cont ..

Corrective orthosis:

• Correct joint contractures.

• Correct subluxation.
• Corrects deviation
Example : ulnar drift splints
 Cont…..

Assistive orthosis:
• Assist movement of joints
during functional activities
when muscle are weak or
paralyzed.
• Reduce muscle tone of spastic
muscles to promote joint
mobility.
•Example: writing splints
 Classification of upper limb
orthosis based on anatomical
region:
Shoulder orthosis:

• Provide support
• Prevent subluxation or dislocation of joint.
• Promote healing of fracture.
Example: thermo humeral brace.
If includes multiple joint :
• Shoulder-elbow –wrist-hand orthosis; SEWHO
 Cont…
Elbow orthosis:
• Restrict the movements.
• Helps in the management of nerve
compression.
• Post operative management.
• Promote healing of fractures.
Example: cubital tunnel syndrome brace,
immobilizer
If includes multiple joint:
Elbow-wrist-hand ortthosis ; EWHO
 CONT……
Wrist hand orthosis:
• Correct deformity.
• Reduce pain
• Correct ulnar or radial deviations.
• Treats wrist drop
• Prevents shortening of paralyzed muscles
Example:Resting hand splints, wrist
extension assist brace.
 Cont…
Hand orthosis:
• Manage tendon injuries , contractures and
fractures of hand.
• Immobilize and prevent further deformity.
•Example: thumb spica, swan neck splint
 Classification of orthosis
based on designs:
Simple Shell Orthosis:
• A non-articular orthosis do not cross any
joint.
• Protect or correct a body segment or
bone.
• Use to stabilize the long bones of arm
after fracture.
Example : circumferencial stabilizing
orthosis.
 Static orthosis:
• Immobilize one or more joint.
• Maintain tissue length to prevent contractures.
• Rest injured or inflamed tissues to reduce inflammation
and pain
• Promote healing.
it is sub-classified into following:
 STATIC MOTION BLOCKING ORTHOSIS:
o Permit full motion in one direction
o Limit or block motion in opposite direction.
Examples: swan neck splint, dorsal blocking splints
 Cont…
Serial-static orthosis:

• Immobilize one or more joint.

• Reduce tone of spastic muscle.
• Correct contractures by applying gentle
and prolonged stretch on muscle for
growth of contracted tissue.
Example : PIP finger extension static
progressive orthosis, progress plus
pronation and supination.
 Dynamic orthosis:
• Apply passive pulling force in one direction .
• Permit active force in opposite direction by
using energy storing materials like rubber
band etc.
• Provide passive assist to substitute weak or
absent motor
• Apply gentle and prolonged stretch for the
growth of contracted tissue.
It is different from static progressive orthosis
which donot use elastic forces.
 Cont…
Dynamic motion-blocking
orthosis
• Modified dynamic orthosis.
• Incorporate a motion-blocking component.
• Apply passive pulling mechanism.
Example: dorsal blocking dynamic splint.
Tenodesis orthosis:
• Pseudo-dynamic orthosis
• Use active wrist extension for passive flexion
of MCP joint.
Thank you!!!