Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Introduction To The Internet
Introduction To The Internet
Chapter 16
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 1 of 40
Objectives
Define Internet
Define the application areas of Internet
Explain World Wide Web and define its working
Explain File Transfer Protocol
Use Email
Understand the requirements for Internet
Connection
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 2 of 40
Internet
INTERNET is a network of networks. Just
as interstate highway system links one
city to another, similarly the Internet links
thousands of computer networks.
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 3 of 40
Example-Super Library
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 4 of 40
The Internet
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 5 of 40
Uses Of Internet-1
On-line employment
Net Banking
On-line education system
Making friends and participating in a
discussion
Send and receive electronic greetings
from friends and relatives
Go through the catalog of a library
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 6 of 40
Uses Of Internet -2
Visitan electronic zoo or museum
Find out most popular programming
languages
Download interesting software
Publishing your portfolio over the net
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 7 of 40
Internet Resources
WWW
FTP
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 8 of 40
The World-Wide Web-1
User-friendly
Universal
database of knowledge
Web Pages - made up of Hypertext
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 9 of 40
The World-Wide Web-2
Some technical terms:
Hypertext
Link
HTTP
Browser
Address
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 10 of 40
Technical Terms
Connection
Request
Service
Formatting
Client
Server
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 11 of 40
Browsers and The Internet
To search for information on the Internet
you need a browser and an Internet
connection
A browser is a software application that
interprets the language of HTML files
posted on the Web
Some browsers can also play sound and
video clips along with the web pages
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 12 of 40
Web Pages
Information on the Internet is available
through Web Pages
The most important feature of Web pages
is that you can navigate from one page to
another
Navigation is possible between web pages
that are connected by hyperlinks
You can insert hyperlinks in any web
page to lead a viewer of that page to
another page
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 13 of 40
Hyperlinks
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 14 of 40
How Hyperlinks work
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 15 of 40
An Internet Address
An Internet address is also known as a
Uniform Resource Locator (URL). The
address of a web page that you view is
found in the Address bar of the browser.
The URL
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 16 of 40
Parts of an Internet Address
A protocol is a set of rules and standards
that allow computers to exchange
information e.g. HTTP, FTP
The location shows you where the site is
located e.g. the World Wide Web (www)
Organization name gives name of the web
site owner who maintains it e.g. Microsoft
The domain type tells you the kind of site
it is such as .com, .edu, .org and .gov
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 17 of 40
Internet Addresses-1
Code Explanation
edu educational facility
com commercial organization
gov non-military government
body
mil military concern
org other organization
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 18 of 40
Internet Addresses-2
Code Explanation
net network resource
ac academic institution
au Australia
in India
us United States of America
uk England
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 19 of 40
Example - Restaurant
Menu card - Web Document
Waiter - Browser
Cook - Server
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 20 of 40
Web transaction
Steps in a web transaction:
Selection of Hyperlink
Connection to server
address
Server services the
request
Enter web address here
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 21 of 40
A sample Web Page
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 22 of 40
File Transfer Protocol
Is a method of:
Transferring files
Sharing software
Advantages of FTP:
Speed
Cost Effective
Choice
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 23 of 40
Email
Method to send messages from one
computer to another
Made up of two parts:
◦ The Address
◦ The Message
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 24 of 40
Email Addresses-1
Email addresses similar to postal
addresses
Postal Address
Mr. John Smith
101, Sunshine Apts,
Duke Street, London,U.K.
Email Address
‘jennyb@mtu.edu’
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 25 of 40
Email Addresses-2
Receiver’s Address
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 26 of 40
Email Addresses-3
Jennyb@mtu.edu
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 27 of 40
Example-Phone Number
An email address is similar to a phone
number
A phone number is made up of four parts
E.g. ‘001 609 951 9638’
Country code for U.S.A.
001 : Country code for U.S.A.
609 : City code for Princeton
951 : Local telephone exchange
9638 : The actual phone number
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 28 of 40
Advantages of e-mail
Speed
Multimedia
Cost
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 29 of 40
Disadvantages of e-mail
Can be sent only to people with email-id
Cannot send anything physical
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 30 of 40
Internet Communication
FTP M A IL W EB
SERV ER SERV ER SERV ER
IN T E R N E T
FTP
SM TP
H TTP
T C P /IP
IN T E R N E T S E R V IC E
P R O V ID E R
S E R V IC E REQ U EST
Y O U
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 31 of 40
TCP/IP-1
TCP/IP is made up of:
HTTP
FTP
SMTP
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 32 of 40
TCP/IP-2
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 33 of 40
To get connected to a web page-1
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 34 of 40
To get connected to a web page-2
The browser then connects our computer to
that of the ISP
This computer then contacts a computer that
contains the locations of all the computers
whose names end in the ‘com’ code
The exact location of the computer called
‘aptech-worldwide’ is then obtained from
there
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 35 of 40
To get connected to a web page-3
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 36 of 40
To get connected to a web page-4
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 37 of 40
Requirements for an Internet
Connection-1
Computer with Browser Software
Modem with Communication Software
Computers
◦ A PC with 300 Mhz
◦ 32 - 64 Mb RAM
◦ 4.3 GB onwards HDD
◦ Multimedia Kit
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 38 of 40
Requirements for an Internet
Connection-2
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 39 of 40
Summary
Internet is a big network made up of
network made up of smaller ones
World Wide Web is a service that allows
the users to access to almost any
information that is on the internet
Internet helps us to send our mails
through emails and download or upload
any information through FTP
KITSO XP / Chapter 16 / 40 of 40