CELL

STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS

MED 1
SECTION C2
GROUP 1:
ABELLA, ABENDANIO, ADAMI,
AGABIN, AGGABAO,
ALIMARCAN
OBJECTIVES
 Explain why the cell is considered the basic unit of biology.
 Differentiate prokaryotic cell from eukaryotic cell.
 Identify the overall chemical and molecular composition of the cell such as the elements, components,
biopolymers, and biomolecules.
 Identify the building blocks of polymers.
 Determine the major functions of the biomolecules.
 Identify the intracellular organelles and their functions.
 Explain how and why a particular organelle can be identified.
 Explain the importance of knowing the composition of the cell, its organization, and the function of its
intracellular organelles.
CELL: BASIC UNIT OF BIOLOGY

 CELL
- the basic structural,
functional, biological unit of
all known living organisms.
PROKARYOTIC VS EUKARYOTIC CELL
CHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR COMPONENTS
IMPORTANCE

CARBOHYDRATES
- primary source of energy
(starch, glycogen, cellulose)
 LIPIDS
- chief source of energy
- major constituent of plasma membrane
- cell signalling and as messenger molecules
- simplest lipids are fatty acids
 NUCLEIC ACIDS
- genetic material of living cell
- storage and transfer of genetic material
 PROTEINS
- store and transmit genetic information
- for synthesis of enzymes, hormones, antibodies,
hemoglobin
POLYMERS

 Composed of natural or synthetic substances with

very large molecules aka macromolecules.
 Proteins, cellulose and nucleic acids.
 MONOMERS are the building blocks of polymers.
MAJOR INTRACELLULAR ORGANELLES
INDENTIFICATION OF A PARTICULAR ORGANELLE

THINGS TO CONSIDER:
1. Size
2. Staining properties
WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO KNOW THE COMPOSITION OF THE CELL, ITS
ORGANIZATION, AND THE FUNCTIONS OF ITS INTRACELLULAR ORGANELLES?