INTRODUCTION TO

FUNCTIONAL ELECTRICAL STIMULATION (FES)

Group Members:

Lim Jia Hui A16MB0077

 Clinical Needs
FES can be used with:
Parkinson’s
Brain Injury Cerebral Palsy
Disease

Stroke Spinal Cord Injury Multiple Sclerosis Familial/Hereditary

Spastic
Paraparesis
 Stroke
Clinical Need: Why use FES on the legs after stroke?

• Loss of leg function, movement and

strength.
• Causing impair in walking and
standing.
• Muscles becomes paralyzed, and
cannot receive electrical impulses
from the brain.
• FES is useful for increasing leg
function as well as for preventing
pain and dysfunction after a
stroke.
 Cerebral Palsy
Clinical Need: FES in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy

• Neurological condition which occurs if the

brain is damaged or develops abnormally
before, during or up to two years after birth.
• Children living with CP faces a number of
challenges. With stiff, over- or under-toned,
spastic, and painful muscles, these children
often struggle to move in many ways, even
just to walk in some cases.
• FES can improve the range of motion,
muscle mass, muscle strength, walking
speed, spasticity, gait and foot and ankle
positioning.
 Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia
Clinical Need:
• Hereditary spastic paraparesis (SP)
is caused by a dying back axonal
degeneration affecting the
corticospinal tracts and dorsal
columns.
• People with SP have difficulties with
balance and walking especially over
uneven territory and often trip due
in part to poor clearance of the foot
in swing phase.
• FES can improve foot clearance
and aid walking ability.
 Spinal Cord Injury
Clinical Need:

• Damage to any part of the spinal

cord or nerves at the end of the
spinal canal.
• Often causes permanent changes
in strength, sensation and other
body functions below the site of
injury.
• FES cycling enhance muscle
strength without increasing
spasticity.
Medical Devices: WalkEx (Stroke)
Medical Devices: WalkEx (Stroke)
Medical Device: WalkAide
(Cerebral Palsy)
Medical Device: WalkAide
Medical Device: Virtual Environments Integrated with FES
(Cerebral Palsy)
 Medical Device: FES Cycling
(Spinal Cord Injury)

• Applies the electrical stimulation to

the muscles or nerves to contract
the muscles associated with
cycling.
• After a full rotation, each of the
muscles will have been stimulated
once with the appropriate timing
and magnitude appropriate for
cycling.
 Medical Device: FES Cycling
(Spinal Cord Injury)

• The FES bicycle will detect

changes in the muscle’s power
output and will activate a motor
when the muscles begin to fatigue
to assist in the cycling.
• FES cycling can improve physical
integrity, enhanced neurological
and some functional performance,
including increased muscle size
and strength, reduced muscle
spasticity and improved quality of
life
Medical Device: FES Cycling
(Spinal Cord Injury)