Prepared by:

JERRY B. AGSUNOD
Instctor 1
 Programming Language – is a set
of words, codes, and symbols
that allow a programmer to give
instructions to the computer
 Many programming languages
exist, each with their own rules,
or syntax, for writing these
instructions
 LOW LEVEL PROGRAMMING LANGUAGEs
◦ Machine language – first generation
programming language, can be used to
communicate directly with the
computer (0s and 1s)
◦ Assembly language – 2nd generation
programming language, the same with
machine language but the programmer
was able to use meaningful
abbreviations instead of numbers.
HIGH-LEVEL PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES
 3RD generation programming languages
(3GL), were first developed in the late
1950s.
 Have English like instructions and are easier
to use than machine language.
 High level programming languages include:
◦ FORTRAN
◦C
◦ BASIC
◦ COBOL
◦ PASCAL
In order for the computer to
understand a program written in a
high level language, programmers
convert the source code into machine
language using a compiler or an
interpreter:
COMPILER - is a program that converts
an entire program into machine code
before the program is executed.
INTERPRETER – translate and executes an
instruction before moving on to the
next instruction in the program.
 1980
 Develop complex program in a
Systematic, organized approach
 Allows programmers to create
modules that can be use over and
over again in a variety of programs.
 OOP languages include Java, C++,
C#, and Visual Basic
 Created the first compiler called A-O,
1951
 Commodore in the navy
 Credited with developing COBOL-
United States Department of Defense
(USDD) - 1959.
 She later used the term “debug” when
removing a moth that had flown into
the circuitry of Mark II computer.
 JOHN BACKUS – 1959 – and a team of
researchers develop FORTRAN.
 JOHN KEMENY AND THOMAS KURTZ -
1960s – develop BASIC at Darmouth
University
 ADA – 1970s – develop by USDD-a
high level language
 DENNIS RITCHIE – 1970s- created the
C language at Bell Laboratories
FOURTH GENERATION (4GL)
- SQL – higher English-Like
instructions that most high level
languages.
- Use to access databases
FIFTH GENERATION languages
are used for ARITIFICIAL
INTELIGENCE (AI)