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 In a plane, two
circles can
intersect in two
points, one point,
or no points.
 Coplanar circles
that intersect in
one point are
called tangent
circles.
 Coplanar circles
that have a
common center
are called 2 points of intersection.
concentric.
Tangent circles
 A line or segment
that is tangent to
two coplanar
circles is called a
common tangent.
 A common Internally
internal tangent tangent
intersects the
segment that
joins the centers
of the two circles.
 A common
external tangent
does not
intersect the
segment that
joins the center
of the two circles.
Concentric circles
 Circles that
No points of
have a intersection
common
center are
called
concentric
circles. Concent
ric
circles
 Identifying common
tangents
Tell k

whether
the C D

common
tangents j

are
internal or
external.
 Identifying common
tangents
 Tell whether
the common A

tangents are B

internal or
external. In a plane, the interior of a
 The lines m circle consists of the points that
are inside the circle. The
and n do not exterior of a circle consists of
intersect AB, the points that are outside the
so they are circle.
common
external
The Power Theorems
Theorem:
 If two chords of a circle
intersect inside the circle,
then the product of the
measures of the segments of
one chord is equal to the
product of the measures of
the segments of the other
chord. (Chord-Chord Power
Theorem)
Solve for x:
 6•2 = 3x
 12 = 3x
x=4
Theorem :
 If a tangent segment and a secant
segment are drawn from an external
point to a circle, then the square of
the measure of the tangent
segment is equal to the product of
the measures of the entire secant
segment and its external part.
(Tangent-Secant Power Theorem)
Solve for y:

 y2 = 2 •18
 y = ±6 (reject -6)
y=6
Theorem :
 If two secant segments are
drawn from an external point
to a circle, then the product
of the measures of one
secant and its external part
is equal to the product of the
measures at the other
secant segment and its
external part. (Secant-
secant Power Theorem)
Solve for z:
4 •(8 + 4) = 3z

4 •12 = 3z

16 = z
Tangent segment PT measures 8 cm.
The radius of the circle is 6 cm. Find the
distance from P to the circle.
 Draw a picture of tangent PT.
 Draw a secant segment from P
through the center of the circle.
 Use Tangent-Secant Power
Theorem.
 (PQ)(PS)=(PT)2
 x(x + 12) = 82
 x2 + 12x – 64 = 0
 (x – 4)(x + 16) = 0
 x = 4 or -16
 PQ = 4 cm
INTERSECTIONS ON OR INSIDE A CIRCLE
S B

F
E D

A line that intersects a circle in exactly two points is called

a secant. In the figure above, SF and EF are secants of
the circle.

When two secants intersect inside a circle, the angles

formed are related to the arcs they intercept.
Theorem
If a secant and a tangent intersect at the
point of tangency, then the measure of each
angle formed is one half the measure of the
intercepted arc.

B D
1 A
mABC  mBC
2
1
mDBC  mBEC
2 C
E
Secant-Tangent
Find
Anglethe mRPS if
mPT = 114° P
R

and mTS = 136°

Q
S
114° B

T
136°
 Theorem
If two secants, a secant and a tangent, or two tangents
intersect in the exterior of a circle, then the measure of the
angle formed is one-half the positive difference of the
measures of the intercepted arcs.
Two Secants Secant-Tangent Two Tangents

C D D
E
B
B B C C
D
A
A A
1 1 1
mA  ( mDE  mBC ) mA  (mDE  mBC ) mA  ( mBDC  mBC )
2 2 2
Example 5 Secant-Secant Angle
Find x

x°
120° 50°
Example 6 Secant-Secant Angle
Find x

62°
141° x°
Secant-Secant Angle
Find x

11° x°

1
11  [(360  x)  x]
2
22  360  2 x
 338  2 x
169  x