HYDRAULIC CYLINDERS

Hydraulic Cylinders
• Hydraulic cylinders offer
rectilinear motion to
mechanical elements.
• In other words these
cylinders are linear
actuators.
• These cylinders are
classified according to the
operating principle as,
• Single Acting Cylinders.
• Double Acting Cylinders.
 Hydraulic Cylinders
• The single-acting ram applies force in only one direction.
• The fluid that is directed into the cylinder displaces the ram
and forces it outward, lifting the object placed on it.
• Since there is no provision for retracting the ram by fluid
power, when fluid pressure is released, either the weight of
the object or some mechanical means,
such as a spring, forces the ram back into the
cylinder. This forces the fluid back to the reservoir.
• The single-acting ram-type actuating cylinder is often used in
the hydraulic jack. The elevators used to move aircraft to and
from the flight deck
and hangar deck on aircraft carriers also use
cylinders of this type.
• Fluid pressure forces the ram outward and lifts
the elevator. When fluid pressure is released from the ram,
the weight of the elevator forces the ram back into the
cylinder. This, in turn, forces the fluid back into the reservoir.
 Double-acting type cylinder
In this cylinder, both
strokes of the ram are
produced by pressurized
fluid.
There are two fluid ports.
Fluid under pressure is directed
to the closed end of the
cylinder to extend the ram
and apply force.
To retract the ram and reduc
e the force, fluid is directed to
the opposite end of the
cylinder
 Cylinder parts
• The cylinder consists primarily
• The barrel, end caps, piston, piston rod.
• The fluid is fed into the cylinder through blind
and rod end ports
• The rod end requires a seal, bearing and a rod
wiper.
• Bearing allows a moderate amount of side
loading
• The rod wiper prevents contamination entry
into cylinder
Push and Pull type single acting cylinder
• Push type acts under pressure on the extend
stroke and retract automatically when the
pressure is released.
• Pull type acts under pressure on the retract
stroke and extends automatically when the
pressure is released.
Spring return single acting cylinder

To extend the cylinder , pump

flow and pressure are sent to
the pressure port.
When pressure is released
automatically returns to fully
retracted position.
 TELESCOPIC CYLINDER

When long stroke

length and short
retract length
required.
Tilt dump truck 60-
70 degrees.
 DOUBLE ROD CYLINDER
Applications
where work
can be
done at both
the ends.
TANDEM CYLINDER
Large Force from
small cylinder.
Large flow rate to
achieve equal
speeds
Liquid-manure Spreader

Speed Spreader
S Link Clamp
Field of using
Tractor power steering Orchard pest control machine (SS
machine)
 65 (Diameter tube) x 35 (rod) x
Standard 120 (stroke) x 380 (mounting
distance)

Cylinder Power steering cylinder

Applied Model SPEED SPRAYER
Field of use Agricultural Machinery
 HYDRAULIC RAM

Large cylinder to generate very high force

(Tons).
Shoulder to prevent rod from extending
out of cylinder.
To extend entire barrel is pressurized.
The pressure is applied to both top and
bottom of the shoulder.
The advantage of this design is that it
does not require a piston and seal and
bearing.
And inside of the barrel need not have to
be high grade finish.
Cost of seqal bearing and maintenance
free
CYLINDER APPLICATIONS
Applications of Hydraulic cylinders
Applications of Hydraulic cylinders
 Applications of Hydraulic cylinders

• Automobile hoisting
• Hydraulic jacks
• Air craft landing system
• Earth moving equipment
• Turn table for handling heavy work pieces
• Power steering control of heavy vehicles
• Excavators
CYLINDER SPECIFICATIONS
 CYLINDER SPECIFICATIONS
• Cylinders are sized by their bore diameter that
determines their force capability and Stroke length.
• Generally available in increments of 1 in. over some
range.
• Standard rod dia. For each bore size
• Overall dimensions and centre- to- centre
dimensions of the mounting holes.
• Mounting styles.