Dalhana and his commentary

specifically in Siddhanta portions of

Sutra stana and Theory of Creation

Dr Remya J
1st year PG scholar
Dept of Samhitha & Siddhanta
DALHANA
12th century AD
Belongs to Ankola , near Mathura
Born in a vaidya family & patronised by King
Sahajapala Deva.
Attained the fame and commanded respect from
the intellectual circles with just a single work-
Nibandha Sangraha
Only available full length commentary on
Susrutha Samhitha
Easier mode of presentation for easy
understanding.
 Chap 1-vedotpatti adhyaya
• 4 types of sutras-
Guru sutra- of the teacher
Sisya sutra- of disciple
Pratisamskrita sutra- of redactor
Ekiya sutra- opinion of another person
 Bijachatushtaya

• एवमेतत् पुरुषो व्याधिरौषिं धियाकाल इधत

चतुष्टयं समासेन व्याख्यातं I 1/38
• Purusha

तत्र पुरुषग्रहणात् तत्संभवद्रव्य समूहो

भुताधतरुक्तास्तदङ्ग प्रत्यङ्गधवकल्पस्च
त्वङ्् ्ां सास्स्ि धसरास्नायुप्रभृतय :
• Vyaadhi
व्याधि ग्रहणात् वातधपत्तकफशोधणतसधिपात वैषम्य
धनधमत्त : सवव एव व्याियो व्याख्याता :
• Oushada
औषिग्रहणात् द्रव्य रस गुण वीयव धवपाकानमादे श :

• Kriyakaala
धियाग्रहणात् स्नेहादीधन छे दनानीधन च
कमाव धण व्याख्याताधन , कालग्रहणात्
सववधियाकालानां आदे श :
• Types of diseases- sarira, manasa, agantu 1/4
– Swabaavikaanam atra agrahanam asmin sastre tat
pratikaarasya apradhanya soochanartham

• Te chaturvidha aagantava: saarira: maanasa:

swaabavikaascheti 1/24
1st agantu- poorvam utpannatwat
ꞌchaꞌ in swaabavikascheti means unequal
importance of natural diseases when compared to
agantu
• Saarira roga
शारररास्तु अिपानमूला वातधपत्तकफशोधणत
सधिपात वैषम्यधनधमत्त: I
1/24

तत् च अिवैषम्यम् स्वस्िवृत्तवैषम्यं

उपलक्षयधत , तेन काल वैषम्यं काय वाक् मनो
धवकार वैषम्यं इस्ियािव वैषम्यं च लक्षयधत I
• Why Raktha a dosa ?

एतस्ि शल्यतन्त्रं , शल्यतन्त्रे च व्रण प्रिानभूता ,

व्रणे च दू ष्येषु मध्ये रक्तस्य प्रिान्यधमधत
शोधणतपादानम्
• तत्र तेषां संशोिन संशमन आहाराचारा : सम्यक्
प्रयुक्ता धनग्रहहे तव: I
1/27
Samshodana
सम्यक शोिधयतीधत संशोिनं, तत् धिधविं -
बधहराश्रयमाभ्यन्तराश्रयं च I
Bahirasrayam- sastra,kshara,agni,pralepa etc
abhyantaraasrayam- 4 types
vamanam, virechanam,
astapanam,sonithamokshanam
• Samshamana

• यत् धकधित् पीत लीढाधदकमधनर्ह्ुवत्य दोषं शमयधत

तत् सम्शमनम् I तत् अधप धिधविं - बाह्य
आभ्यन्तरं च I
• Baahyam- aalepa pariseka avagaaha abhyanga
sirobasti kabalagrahana gandusha etc
• Aabhyantaram- paachana lekhana brhmhana
rasayana vajikarana vishaprashama etc
• Ahara
4 types- peya, lehya, adhya, bhakshya
3 types- vyaadhiprasamana
doshaprasamana
swastavrittakara
• Achara
आचार कायवाक्मानास कमं
Kayika karma- utshepana, avakshepana ..
Vachika karma- paada, swadhyayi …
Maanasa karma- dheyam, chintyam ..
 6th chapter- Rtucharya
• Varsha sarat hemanta vasanta grishma pravrt

• प्रिम प्रवृष्टे काल प्राव्रुट्, तस्यानुबन्धो वषव I

chap 10- vishikhanupraveshaneeyam adhyayam

• षड् धविो धह रोगाणां धवज्ञानोपाय:- तद्यिा - पिधभ:

स्रोत्राधदधभ: प्रश्नेन चेधत I

स्रोत्राधभरीधत आधद शब्दात् त्वक् नेत्र रसन

घ्राणाधन गृह्यन्ते I
 14th chap- sonitha varnaneeyam
• Dhatuparinama is mentioned
• During the parinama of ahara-
stula bhaga- rasa
Anu bhaga- rakta
Mala bhaga- kapha
• Rasa- stula bhaga- rakta
Anu bhaga- mamsa
Mala bhaga-pita
 21st chap- vrana prashnam
• Sonitha as regarded as the 4th dosa
• Description of dosas

• Difference between agni and pita is mentioned

Ghrita is pita samana, but increases agni
• Palita nidana-

िोिशोकश्रमकृत: शरीरोष्मा धशरोगता:

धपत्तं च केशान् पचधत पधलतं तेन जायते I

• Here
शरीरोष्मा अधि: स चात: धपत्तात् धभि
द्रवं धस्नग्दमिोगं च धपत्तं, वधिरतो अन्यिा I
• Anubandhya and anubandha vyadhi
• Anubandhya= pradhana
• Anubandha= apradhana
• Practically, treatment for anubandhya dosa,
others will be pacified
• Samasannipatha- all the dosas are equally
increased, 1st treatment of pita is done
• Samsarga-
prakritisamasamaveta- VP- soshana
Vikritisama samaveta- PK- ushna and seeta
29 chap- viparitaviparitadhootaswapnanidarsaneeyam
adhyayam

• Swapna
" nidroplutena rajoyuktena
manasavishayagrahanam swapna"
33 chap- avaaraneeyam adhyayam
• Upadrava
• Upadravairiti ya: purvotpanam vyadhi
jaganya kalajato vyadhirupasrijathi sa
tanmoola evopadrava samjha, jaganyakala
jata iti paschatkala jatha ityartha
Disorder which associates afterwards with
the disease originated earlier and having the
same root cause
• 35th chapter- aturopakramaneeyam adhyayam
• Saatmya-
सात्म्याधन तु दे शकालजाधत ऋतु रोग
व्यायाम उदकधदवास्वप्नरसप्रभ्रुतीधन I

• सात्म्यं नाम सुखं यत् करोधत तत् उच्यते I

Explained with examples
like Desa satmyam- bhumi , atura
samudayasyaikam anyadavayavasya
धियायास्तु गुणालाभे धियामाण्याम् प्रयोजयेत्
पूववस्यां शान्तवेगायं न धियासङ्करो धहता I

Interval between 2 treatments - 5/6days

40 th chap- drvayarasagunaveeryavipakavijnaneeyam
adhyayam

• Dravyam oushadamuchyate
• Gunas-20 virya- 8
• Diff between guna and virya
Amalaki and Haritaki- same guna

sita virya ushna virya

• Vipaka

यत् द्रव्यं पररणामकाले स्वाभाधवकं रसंपररत्यज्य

रसान्तरं भजते, तत्र धवपाकं इधत सज्ञम् I

Vipaka is the term for the finally formed rasa

which takes place from the original one during
the period of digestion.
• virya= prabhava

• द्रव्य रस गुण धवपाकै यत् कमं कतुं न शक्यते

तत् कमव कुववन् प्रभावो वीयवमुच्यते I तिाधह -
वीयं शस्क्त उत्पधत्त धवशेष : सामर्थ्यं प्रभाव
इत्यनिाव न्तरम् I
 21 chap-vranaprashnam adhyaya
Shadkriyakala
Chaya
Prakopa
Prasara
Stanasamsraya
Vyakthi
bheda
Chaya-
samhati roopa vriddhi chaya
Prathama kriyaakala: aadhya karmavasara

Prakopa-
samchalanamatrameva prakopa,
vilayana roopa vriddhi prakopa
Prasara
phenamandalenotsarpata
desantarasaranamiva prasara I
Tatra prasaram yaavat doshaanameva
hetulingachikitsaa, tat anantharam vyaadherithi
• Stanasamsrayam-
prasrithanam punardoshanam
srotovaigunyadhyatra sanga sa staanasamsraya;
Chikitsaa chhatra doshasya dooshyasya
chetyubhayaarithaa

• Vyakthi-
vyadhe pravyaktham roopam vyakthi
Atra vyadhe pratyanikaiva chikitsaa

• Bheda-chronic and incurable

 Srishti utpatti krama
• Dalhana accepts the anyonyanupraveshika of
panchabhootas
• Sabda- Akasa
• Sabda+ Sparsa- Vayu
• Sabda+ Sparsa+ Roopa- Agni
• Sabda+ Sparsa + Roopa+ Rasa- Jala
• Sabda+ Sparsa + Roopa+ Rasa+ Gandha-
Prithvi
Some nyayas used by Dalhana

1 chatrinigacchanti nyaya- Su Soo 16/10

2 dhatuposhana nyaya – Su Soo 14/10

3 shabdarchijalasantanavat nyaya Su Soo 14/16

Thank you