Department of Health - Central Visayas

Regional Epidemiology & Surveillance Unit

MS. CARMELITA M. MALABAR

Sanitation Inspector-RHU Calape
 What is Dengue
• An acute, infectious disease caused by a
virus transmitted by mosquitoes
• Characterized by high fever, rash, headache,
and severe muscle and joint pain.
 Dengue Fever

First seen in 1953 in the Philippines

60% of cases – 6 to 10 yrs. old

Increases during the rainy season

Severe with multi-infection by 4 strains

 Dengue Fever

 An arboviral disease complex

- Dengue Fever (DF)

- Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF)

- Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS)

 Dengue Fever

Infectious Agent :

Flavivirus

4 Immunologic/ serotypes Types:

Dengue 1, 2, 3, and 4
Type 1 – common to all patients
Mode of transmission:

bite of an infective mosquito

Aedes aegypti
Aedes albopictus

increased biting activity 2 hrs. after sunrise

and 2 hrs. before sunset

Incubation Period: 3 to 14 days

Period of Communicability:

> patients usually infective for mosquitoes

shortly before to the end of febrile
period.

> mosquitoes infective 8-12 days after the

viremic blood meal

> not directly transmitted from person to

person
Aedes Aegypti
Top 8 Highly
Endemic
Regions
 Fig. 1 DF/DHF Cases and Monthly Average Rainfall
Central Visayas
1996 – 2001
No. of Cases

1200

1000
Dengue Cases
800

600

400

Average Rainfall
200

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Month

Source: RESU7 & PAGASA

 Fig. 2 Age & Gender Distribution (DF/DHF Cases)
RESU 7 Sentinel Hospital Admissions (Central Visayas)
Jan. 1 – June 23, 2007 (N=834)

Agegroup (yrs) Female Male

16 & above

11 - 15

6 - 10

1- 5

< 1 yr

-150 -125 -100 -75 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150

No. of Cases
 Fig.3 Dengue Fever Cases**
RESU 7 Sentinel Hospital Admissions (Central Visayas)
2006 vs Jan. 1 – June 23, 2007

No. of Cases
125

100

75

50

25

0
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51

Morbidity Weeks

**Includes Dengue Hemorrhagic Cases

2007 2006
Common breeding
places
Prevention and Control
4S Kontra Dengue
1. Search and destroy of mosquito breeding places
a. Clean all possible mosquito breeding places (flower vases,
dish drains, old tires, roof gutters, used cans, etc.) where
water can pool or accumulate.
b. Cover water receptacles (drums, jars, etc.).
c. Environmental sanitation activities such as clean up drives
2. Self-protection measures
a. Use personal protective measures such as mosquito nets,
use of insect repellent lotion or install window screens.
3. Seek early treatment
a. Watch out for the principal symptoms of dengue; high fever,
severe headache, backache, joint pains, nausea and vomiting,
eye pain, and rash
b. Dengue Express Lane (Hospitals)
4. Say “NO” to indiscriminate fogging
RECOMMENDATIONS
• To the Local Government Units:
• Intensify information campaign on dengue
emphasizing the importance of eliminating the
breeding places of mosquitoes.
• Mobilize the community to actively participate in
environmental sanitation activities such as clean
up drives.
RECOMMENDATIONS
• To the Local Health Units:
• Initiate clean-up campaigns in communities.
• Continue / sustain disease surveillance on
dengue.
• Notify Regional Epidemiology and Surveillance
Unit (RESU) on increase of dengue cases.
RECOMMENDATIONS
• To the Gov’t. / Private Hospitals:
• Strictly follow dengue clinical treatment protocol.
• Activate dengue fast lanes.
RECOMMENDATIONS
• To the School Authorities:
• Emphasize school-based programmes targeting
parents and children in schools to eliminate
vector breeding places at home and in the
school.
• Create “Dengue School Brigades” and support
its sustainability.
RECOMMENDATIONS
• To the General Public:
• Clean all possible mosquito breeding places
(flower vases, dish drains, old tires, roof gutters,
used cans, etc.) where water can pool or
accumulate.
• Use personal protective measures such as
mosquito nets, use of insect repellent lotion or
install window screens.
• Cover water receptacles (drums, jars, etc.).
• Maintain the habit of cleaning up areas inside
and outside homes.
 DOH REGIONAL HOTLINE
• Regional Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit 7
– 032-4187629
– 09173248741

• Regional Health Emergency Management Service 7

– 032-4187636
– 09267290829