ELECTRICITY AND

MAGNETISM
KENYON ARAGGON D. USON
 ELECTRICITY
• Electricity is the flow of electrons in the form of an
electric charge.
• Electricity is both a basic part of nature and one of the
most widely used forms of energy.
• Produced by vibrating or flowing charges.
 TYPES OF ELECTRICITY
1. Static Electricity
2. Current Electricity
1.) STATIC ELECTRICITY
Static electricity is when electrical charges build
up on the surface of a material. It is usually
caused by rubbing materials together. The result
of a build-up of static electricity is that objects
may be attracted to each other or may even cause
a spark to jump from one to the other.
FOR EXAMPLE RUB A BALLOON ON A WOOL
AND HOLD IT UP TO THE WALL.
Before rubbing, like all materials, the balloons and the wool
sweater have a neutral charge. This is because they each have
an equal number of positively charged subatomic particles
(protons) and negatively charged subatomic particles
(electrons). When you rub the balloon with the wool sweater,
electrons are transferred from the wool to the rubber because
of differences in the attraction of the two materials for
electrons. The balloon becomes negatively charged because it
gains electrons from the wool, and the wool becomes positively
charged because it loses electrons.
 2.) CURRENT ELECTRICITY
Current is the rate of flow of electrons. It is produced by moving
electrons and it is measured in amperes. Unlike static electricity,
current electricity must flow through a conductor, usually copper
wire. Current with electricity is just like current when you think
of a river. The river flows from one spot to another, and the speed
it moves is the speed of the current. With electricity, current is a
measure of the amount of energy transferred over a period of
time. That energy is called a flow of electrons.
THERE ARE DIFFERENT SOURCES OF
CURRENT ELECTRICITY INCLUDING THE
CHEMICAL REACTIONS TAKING PLACE IN A
BATTERY.
The direction of an electric current is by
convention the direction in which a positive
charge would move. Thus, the current in the
external circuit is directed away from the positive
terminal and toward the negative terminal of
the battery. Electrons would actually move
through the wires in the opposite direction.
WHO DISCOVERED
ELECTRICITY?
Benjamin
Franklin
(1705-1790)
 BENJAMIN FRANKLIN
• In the mid-1700s, he became interested in electricity.
• Up until that time, scientists had mainly known about and
experimented with static electricity. Benjamin Franklin took
things a big step ahead. He came up with the idea that
electricity had positive and negative elements and that
electricity flowed between these elements. He also believed
that lightning was a form of this flowing electricity.
 MAGNETISM
• Magnetism is one aspect of the combined electromagnetic force.
• It refers to physical phenomena arising from the force caused by magnets,
objects that produce fields that attract or repel other objects.
 THEORIES AND
DISCOVERIES ABOUT
ELECTRICITY AND
MAGNETISM