HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL

PHENOMENA & HAZARDS

“HYDROMETEOROLOGY”
 branch of
meteorology that
deals with water in
the atmosphere
especially as
precipitation
FLOOD
HAZARDS
Itis a natural event
or occurrence where a
piece of land (or area)
that is usually dry
land, suddenly gets
submerged under
water.
 TYPES OF FLOOD
1. Flash Floods
2. River Floods
3. Coastal Floods
4. Urban Flood
5. Ice Jam
6. GLOF or Glacial Lake
Outburst Flood
 Flash Flood
This kind occurs within a
very short time (2-6 hours, and
sometimes within minutes) and
is usually as a result of heavy
rain, dam break. Flash floods
are the most destructive and
can be fatal, as people are
usually taken by surprise. There
is usually no warning, no
preparation and the impact can
be very swift and devastating.
River Flood
It is one of the most
common forms of natural
disaster. It occurs when a
river fills with water beyond its
capacity. The surplus water
overflows the banks and runs
into adjoining low-lying lands.
It last for days or weeks.
 Coastal Flood
Occurs when normally dry, low-
lying land is flooded by seawater.
Coastal flooding can result from a
variety of different causes
including storm surges created by
storms like hurricanes and
tropical cyclones, rising sea levels
due to climate change and by
tsunamis.
 Urban Flood
Floods that happen in a
relatively short period of time and
can inundate an area with several
feet of water. As areas become
'urbanized' or go through the
process of urbanization, there are
increased flood risks that result.
The main problem with urban
flooding is the fact that they occur
in highly populated areas.
Ice Jam
A mass of lake or sea
ice broken and piled up
against the shore by
wind pressure.
Glacial Lake Outbursts Flood
Sudden and in some cases
cyclic release of melt water
from a glacier-dammed which
can result in a catastrophic
flood.
Faster rate of ice and
snow melting.
HAZARDS
OF A
HURRICANE
  A HURRICANE IS A TROPICAL
CYCLONE WITH SUSTAINED WINDS
OF AT LEAST 74MPH.
IT IS AN EXTREMELY LARGE,
POWERFUL, AND DESTRUCTIVE
STORM WITH VERY STRONG WINDS
THAT OCCURS ESPECIALLY IN
WESTERN PART OF THE
ATLANTIC OCEAN.
 Major Hurricane
Hazards
Storm Surge
Heavy Rain & Inland
Flooding
High Winds
Tornadoes
Rip Currents
HAZARDS
OF A
TORNADO
TORNADO

A violently spinning column

of air that ranges from a
thunderstorm to the ground
and is often visible as a
funnel cloud.