Chemistry

Science 9 Unit B
 Organizing Matter

What is matter?
Particle Model Of Matter
¤ Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space.
¤ Matter is made up of atoms (too small to be seen)
¤ Atoms are always in motion (vibrate, rotate and move)
¤ They have empty space between them
 Organizing Matter

States of Matter
¤Most matter exists as one of
the following states:
¤ solid
¤ liquid
¤ gas
¤The state depends on
temperature
¤ How can we explain that using
water as an example?
 Organizing Matter

¤ We use special terms to describe the

different changes in state:

1. Solid to Liquid = melting

2. Liquid to Solid = freezing

3. Liquid to Gas = evaporation

4. Gas to Liquid = condensation

5. Solid to Gas = sublimation

6. Gas to Solid = deposition or
sublimation
PHET

Play around with “Phase https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulat

ion/states-of-matter-basics
Change”
 What happens when heat is
Don’t download, just play!
applied? What is the phase
change?
 What happens when you
cool down the substance?
What is the phase change?
 The Classification of Matter
MATTER

Pure
Mixtures
Substances

Elements Compounds

Mechanical
Solutions Suspensions Colloids
Mixtures
 The Classification of Matter
MATTER

Pure
Mixtures
Substances

Elements Compounds

Mechanical
Solutions Suspensions Colloids
Mixtures
 Definitions

¤Pure substance – a substance made of only one kind of matter

Two types:
¤Element – a pure substance that cannot be broken down
into other substances (found on the periodic table)
ex) Ag (silver)

¤Compound – More than one element combined

ex) NaCl (salt)
 The Classification of Matter
MATTER

Pure
Substances Mixtures

Elements Compounds

Mechanical
Solutions Suspensions Colloids
Mixtures
 Definitions

• Mixture - a combination of pure substances.

• Mixtures are homogenous or heterogenous

• Homogeneous means looks the same
- Solution
• Heterogeneous means looks different
– Mechanical
– Suspension
– Colloid
 Heterogenous Mixtures

¤Mechanical Mixtures – can see more than one substance

of the mixture
ex) chocolate chip cookies
¤Suspensions - cloudy mixture with tiny suspended
particles that can be removed by filtering
ex) orange juice
¤Colloids - cloudy mixture with very tiny suspended
particles that cannot be removed by filtering
ex) milk
 Homogenous Mixtures

¤Solutions – looks like one substance; cannot see the

different substances
ex) vinegar
Classify the following based on what they look like and what you know about them:

Baking Soda Trail Mix

Ketchup

Muddy
Water
Gold