Sistem Mutu Manajemen Konstruksi

01
Sistem Manajemen Mutu

Yopi Lutfiansyah, ST, MT

Teknik Sipil
 Project Quality Management
 Introduction
 Module 1: Quality Planning
 Module 2: Quality Assurance
 Module 3: Quality Control
 Introduction
 Quality
 is the totality of characteristics of an entity that
bear on its ability to satisfy stated or implied
needs
 A critical aspect of quality management in the
project context is the necessity to turn implied
needs into stated needs through project
scope management
 Introduction
 Quality
 Conforming to requirements and customer needs.
 Fitness for use.
 “The totality of features and characteristics of a
product or service that bear on its ability to satisfy
stable or implied needs.” (British Standard BS 4778)
 Delighting the customers by continuously meeting
and improving upon agreed requirements.
(Macdonald and Piggot: 1990)
 Introduction
 Quality vs Grade
 Grade
 a category or rank given to entities having the
same functional use but different
requirements for quality
 Low quality is always a problem; low grade
may not be
 Introduction

Modern quality management complements

modern project management
 Customer satisfaction
 Prevention over inspection
 Management responsibility
 Processes within phases
 Project quality management
 Quality Planning
 identifying which quality standards are relevant to the project and
determining how to satisfy them
 Perform Quality Assurance
 evaluating overall project performance on a regular basis to
provide confidence that the project will satisfy the relevant quality
standards
 Perform Quality Control
 monitoring specific project results to determine if they comply
with relevant quality standards and identifying ways to eliminate
causes of unsatisfactory performance
 Module 1: Quality Planning
 involves identifying which quality
standards are relevant to the project and
determining how to satisfy them
 is one of the key facilitating processes
during project planning
 should be performed regularly and in
parallel with the other project planning
processes
 Quality Planning

INPUTS TOOLS & ECHNIQUES OUTPUTS

1. Enterprise 1. Benefit/cost analysis 1. Quality management plan

environmental factors 2. Benchmarking 2. Quality metrics
2. Organizational 3. Cost of quality 3. Quality Check lists
process assets 4. Design & experiments 4. Process improvement plan
3. Project scope 5. Additional quality 5. Quality baseline
statement planning tools 6. Project management plan
4. Project management (updates
plan
Quality Program/Plan
Company
Company Requirements Company
Quality
Detailed
Manual Regulatory Procedures
Requirements

Company
Quality Programme

Project Contract Project

Quality Work Scope Detailed
Manual Procedures

Project
Quality Plan

Inspection
& Test Plan
Tools & Techniques to quality planning

 Benefit/cost analysis.
 It is axiomatic of the quality management discipline
that the benefits outweigh the costs.
 Benchmarking
 involves comparing actual or planned project
practices to those of other projects in order to
generate ideas for improvement and to provide a
standard by which to measure performance
Tools & Techniques to quality planning

 Flowcharting.
 is any diagram which shows how various
elements of a system relate. Flowcharting
techniques commonly used in quality
management include:
• Cause-and-effect diagrams, also called Ishikawa
diagrams or fishbone diagrams
• System or process flowcharts
Tools & Techniques to quality planning

 Cause & Effect Diagram

 The cause & effect diagram also known as
the fishbone diagram because it was drawn to
resemble the skeleton of a fish, with the main
causal categories drawn as "bones" attached
to the spine of the fish, as shown in Figure 1
Tools & Techniques to quality planning

Figure 1. Cause-and-Effect Diagram

Tools & Techniques to quality planning

 When should a fishbone diagram be used?

 Does the team...

• Need to study a problem/issue to determine the

root cause?
• Want to study all the possible reasons why a
process is beginning to have difficulties, problems,
or breakdowns?
• Need to identify areas for data collection?
• Want to study why a process is not performing
properly or producing the desired results?
Tools & Techniques to quality planning
Basic Steps to construct a fishbone diagram:
1. Draw the fishbone diagram....
2. List the problem/issue to be studied in the "head of the
fish".
3. Label each ""bone" of the "fish". The major categories
typically utilized are:
 The 4 M’s:
 Methods, Machines, Materials, Manpower
 The 4 P’s:
 Place, Procedure, People, Policies
 The 4 S’s:
 Surroundings, Suppliers, Systems, Skills
4. Use an idea-generating technique (e.g., brainstorming) to
identify the factors within each category that may be
affecting the problem/issue and/or effect being studied.
The team should ask... "What are the machine issues
affecting/causing..."
Tools & Techniques to quality planning
Basic Steps to construct a fishbone diagram:
5. Repeat this procedure with each factor under the category
to produce sub-factors. Continue asking, "Why is this
happening?" and put additional segments each factor and
subsequently under each sub-factor.
6. Continue until you no longer get useful information as you
ask, "Why is that happening?"
7. Analyze the results of the fishbone after team members
agree that an adequate amount of detail has been provided
under each major category. Do this by looking for those
items that appear in more than one category. These
become the 'most likely causes".
8. For those items identified as the "most likely causes", the
team should reach consensus on listing those items in
priority order with the first item being the most probable"
cause.
Tools & Techniques to quality planning

 Design of experiments
 is an analytical technique which helps identify
which variables have the most influence on
the overall outcome